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Spatial evolution of the river valleys under the influence of active volcano: A case of Merapi volcanic plain

100%

Ashari A., Purwantara A., Arif N., Widodo E.

Quaestiones Geographicae

2021

vol. 40

issue 3

Merapi Volcano in Central Java, Indonesia, has a high eruption intensity that triggers landscape changes in the form of a river channel evolution. In this paper, the spatial change of river valleys under the influence of sediments deposition in the fluvio-volcanic system is investigated. The data were collected by employing observation, remote sensing image interpretation, literature study and documentation of data from several agencies. The data were analysed using the spatial approach supported by geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing. The results show that there are many palaeochannels related to fluvio-volcanic processes from the southern to the western sectors of the Merapi volcanic foot. Palaeochannels are mainly distributed next to the main river valleys. This condition correlates with the contributions of the Merapi eruptions. The palaeochannel distribution patterns cluster radially following the distribution pattern of the river valleys. The process that plays the most important role in the evolution of palaeochannels is the deposition of lahar. In sum, this research shows that volcanic activities over a long period of time have provided great and important contributions that have driven the landform evolution. The various changes that occur also reveal the unique morphological characteristics, showing the influence of the volcanic processes.

Warunki paleoekologiczne subkopalnego koryta Kolonia Bechcice na tle hydrologii środkowego odcinka doliny Neru

63%

Płóciennik M., Kittel P., Borówka R., Cywa K., Okupny D., Obremska M., Pawłowski D., Stachowicz-Rybka R., Szperna A., Witkowski A.

Acta Geographica Lodziensia

2016

vol. 105

107-124

Ślady późnoglacjalnej i holoceńskiej historii doliny Neru są dobrze zachowane w osadach paleokoryta Kolonia Bechcice (NKB), które zostało odcięte w młodszym dryasie. Jego rozwój może być podzielony na pięć wyraźnych faz. Podczas młodszego dryasu NKB było dość głębokim, oligotroficznym jeziorem. Z nastaniem holocenu starorzecze uległo eutorfizacji i zarosło roślinnością wodną, a następnie szybko przekształciło się w torfowisko niskie. Brak jest w profi lu NKB osadów ze środkowego holocenu. Torfy z okresu borealnego przykryte są przez mułki i piaski pozakorytowe zdeponowane w okresie subatlantyckim. Zapis ewolucji paleokoryta Kolonia Bechcice dowodzi, że dolina Neru była dynamicznym środowiskiem w późnym glacjale i holocenie. Ekosystemy starorzecza podlegały znacznie silniej presji zmian klimatycznych niż jeziora i mokradła znajdujące się na wysoczyznach w regionie łódzkim.

The history of the Ner River valley is well documented in Kolonia Bechcice (NKB) palaeochannel sediments. It was cut-off from the riverbed in the Younger Dryas. Its history may be divided into five distinct phases. During the Younger Dryas, the NKB was a relatively deep, oligotrophic water body. From the onset of the Holocene, the lake became a eutrophic, overgrown pond which quickly palludified and transformed into a rich fen with ferns and birches. There is a hiatus in the middle of the Holocene fen stratigraphy. A peat sequence is covered by fluvial silt and sand deposits. The NKB sequence documents the Ner valley as a dynamic system during the Late Glacial and the Holocene. Local ecosystems of this oxbow have remained under a much stronger pressure of climate changes than palaeolakes and wetlands located on uplands in the Łódź region.

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1 Acta Geographica Lodziensia

1 Quaestiones Geographicae

1 2021

1 2016

1 Arif N.

1 Ashari A.

1 Borówka R.

1 Cywa K.

1 Kittel P.

1 Obremska M.

1 Okupny D.

1 Pawłowski D.

1 Purwantara A.

1 Płóciennik M.

1 Stachowicz-Rybka R.

1 Szperna A.

1 Widodo E.

1 Witkowski A.

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Spatial evolution of the river valleys under the influence of active volcano: A case of Merapi volcanic plain

Warunki paleoekologiczne subkopalnego koryta Kolonia Bechcice na tle hydrologii środkowego odcinka doliny Neru