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Problem podpisu pod dokumentem urzędowym

100%

Górecki P.

Studia Administracyjne

2013

issue 5

235-257

Podpis jest elementem konstytutywnym zarówno dokumentu urzędowego, jak i prywatnego, sporządzonego na nośniku papierowym oraz elektronicznym. Jego brak nie pozwoli na urzeczywistnienie woli wystawcy dokumentu, gdyż będzie on stanowił przeszkodę wprowadzenia dokumentu do obrotu prawnego. Problematykę podpisu jako części składowej dokumentu należy rozpatrywać na różnych płaszczyznach i w porównaniu z innymi znakami graficznymi – parafami. Podstawowymi zagadnieniami dotyczącymi tej problematyki będą: pojęcie podpisu, jego funkcje, treść podpisu, posługiwanie się jego skrótem bądź podpisem nieczytelnym, porównanie podpisu i parafy. Dalszymi kwestiami, nie mniej istotnymi, są klasyfikacja dokumentów i pojęcie dokumentu urzędowego, a także konsekwencje prawne związane z nieprzestrzeganiem wymogów prawnych co do treści i formy podpisu.

A signature is a constitutive element of both public and private documents drawn up on paper or electronically. Its absence disables the materialisation of the document’s subject as it poses an obstacle during the introduction of the document into legal transactions. The issue of the signature as a constitutive element of a document should be examined at different levels and it should be compared to other visual elements – check signatures. The basic topics concerning this subject are: the notion of a signature, its functions, its content, using initials or illegible signatures, comparison between a signature and a check signature. Other matters of no less importance are document classifications and the public document notion as well as the legal consequences of non-compliance with legal requirements concerning the content and form of a signature.

Emigranci w Polsce - kultura przyjęcia

60%

NECEL W.

Prawo Kanoniczne

2015

vol. 58

issue 3

87-103

The migration of population in the second decade of the twenty-rst century, in the lives of the global, as well as inter-continental and inter- national communities, is a structural phenomenon undergoing intensi- cation and it is aecting all areas of human life and the life of the Church. e Church in Poland got used to speaking about Polish emigration, the “very old” one and the “old” one, as well as the latest, which came about alongside joining the structures of the European Union and the Schengen group. A vital problem within the immigration area is the return of Polish families to Poland, at least from the British Isles and France, and, gaining dynamics from time to time, the issue of repatriation of Poles from distant Kazakhstan and the presence of Ukrainians and other Eastern nationalities on the streets of Polish cities. Mass media inform about the situation on Lampedusa island, on the Syrian-Turkish and Turkish-Iraqi borders, and the situation in the Balkans and Hungary. e crisis plunged Greece cannot manage to solve the prob- lems of the coming people. Pope Francis sympathized with the European immigrants, lamented that so many of them deceased on the way to the European continent. e politicians discussed how to divide the coming groups of refugees among the countries. With the foregoing outline, at the turn of 2014-2015, the Republic of Poland along with the rest of European Union, is faced with the necessity to develop a common immigration policy, and the Church, in agreement with the Erga migrantes instruction, should elaborate the specics of the ministry towards the immigrants.

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Problem podpisu pod dokumentem urzędowym

Emigranci w Polsce - kultura przyjęcia