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1

Language is embiggened by words that don’t exist: the case of a circumfix

100%

Klégr A.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2018

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vol. 28

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issue 1

53-70

EN

The paper deals with parasynthetic formations combining the prefix en- and the suffix -en, which are sometimes regarded as an example of a circumfix in English. The aim is to find more instances of this pattern than the usual three or four mentioned in the literature (enlighten, embolden, enliven, and embiggen). After searching three corpora of several billion words without much success, an experiment was made to search the Web for hypothetical verb tokens constructed from monosyllabic adjectives on the pattern provided by the four initial verbs. The search confirmed that more than a hundred such verbs occur on the Web. The discovery of so many en-Adj-en verbs unacknowledged in standard reference books is attributed to the effect of big data on the Web; it is assumed that the en-Adj-en pattern is the type of process whose function is primarily pragmatic, occasion-specific and discourse-oriented, rather than lexical (i.e. concept labelling). As a result, although the pattern is available for active use, these formations, after having served their purpose, rarely get beyond the nonce-word stage, let alone enter the lexicon.

2

Modélisation sémantique des verbes ENXER à base substantivale

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Heyna F.

Cognitive Studies

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2014

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issue 14

149-171

EN

This article presents a semantic description of French denominal verbs, such as EMBARQUER, EMPOISONNER, ENDIMANCHER and ENDEUILLER. Traditionally described as parasynthetic compounds, these verbs are the result of a special type of word formation, consisting in the affixation of a prefix and suffix to a stem. Our purpose is to deal with a semantic description of this particular verb class, based on the referential and cognitive nature of de noun stem. It will be shown that the semantic classification outlined by Fradin (2003) in verbes en-SITE (EMBARQUER, ENFOURNER, ENGLUER) and V-cibles (ENCOLLER, ENFLEURER, ENGLUER), based on the cognitive figure-ground opposition is not general enough. The thesis defended here is that denominal verbes enXer instantiate a transformational process of a more abstract topological kind.

3

Je možná nová klasifikace českých kompozit?

58%

Štichauer P.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2013

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vol. 95

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issue 2

113-128

EN

The article offers an overview of Czech compounding based on the classification put forward by Sergio Scalise and Antonietta Bisetto (cf. Bisetto — Scalise 2005; Scalise — Bisetto 2009). The classification is based on a combination of two hierarchical levels of analysis. The upper level divides compounds according to the grammatical (or syntactic) relation between the constituents into coordinate, subordinate and attributive structures. The lower level splits each of the three “macrotypes” into endocentric and exocentric compounds (on the basis of the presence / absence of a head). It is only at this point that the different lexical categories enter the scheme giving rise to various combinations (such as A + N, V + N and so on). Against the background of such a classification, which is in some important respects divergent from the onomasiological approach, the paper also concentrates on two special cases: first, on so‑called parasynthetic compounds of the type modrooký, vysokoškolský, bezvětří, nosorožec and others; second, on so‑called juxtapositions (spřežky), such as pomstychtivý or smysluplný, which are usually left aside within the onomasiological framework not being considered as fully‑fledged compounds.

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1 Štichauer P.

Language is embiggened by words that don’t exist: the case of a circumfix

Modélisation sémantique des verbes ENXER à base substantivale

Je možná nová klasifikace českých kompozit?