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EN
In her paper the author points to the impoverishment of the popular and policy discourse on good parenting and highlights a glaring absence of the moral dimension and moral language in the debate. This fact unveils a somewhat flattened understanding of the process of child-rearing - devoid of moral reflection, moral choices, and moral concepts, thus giving the impression that modern parenting is solely a matter of skilful application of universal, neutral, scientifically verified procedures and tools. Such discourse promotes, so called, effective parenting conceptualized as a set of skills or ‘the science of parenting’ rather than the process that should assign moral meaning to the things parents and educators do with children. The paper reveals weaknesses of such conceptualization by unveiling some of its underlying assumptions that are questionable and yet determine the discussion on and approach to child-rearing and parenting in Britain today.
PL
The aim of the article is to present the issues of parenting of people with visual disabilities as a factor that dynamizes development, against the background ofselected interdisciplinary contexts (psychological, functional, pedagogical). The sphere of personality-emotional development was presented through a psychological context. The functional sphere is represented by the functional context, and the development in the cognitive area has been based on the pedagogical context. The study was summarized indicating areas requiring scientific penetration in the social context of the functioning of the parental practice of the blind and visually impaired. The text was based on the method of descriptive and critical literature analysis.
Psychologia Rozwojowa
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2013
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vol. 18
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issue 2
21-33
EN
The issues broached by the article concern the interdependence of social roles assumed by adults. From the point of view of optimal conditions for offspring development, the level of adults’ involvement in parenting tasks and the degree to which the involvement depends on their professional and marital satisfaction is signifi cant. It is assumed, that involvement in the role of a mother or father has an effect on the functioning of both adults and their children, nalogous to professional involvement, which yields individual (shaping abilities and self esteem) and supra- individual (affecting an organisation’s efficiency) consequences. The article presents an attempt at an operationalization of involvement in parenting and the results of the relationships of the aforementioned adult activity areas. The research indicates that the exposed dependency is based on a correlation between both the overall marital satisfaction as well as its individual aspects. Whereas linear regression analysis indicates that the relationship between self-fulfi lment in a marriage, spouse intimacy and involvement in parenting is not statistically signifi cant. Also the level of marital disillusionment does not allow us to forecast adult involvement in parental tasks. The variable pertaining to marital satisfaction signifi cant for parental involvement is spousal similarity. Individuals who see similarities between themselves and their spouse exhibit higher levels of involvement. On the other hand, generalised professional satisfaction is not signifi cant when it comes to parental involvement. Only colleague satisfaction constitutes a significant, albeit weak predictor for parental involvement.
EN
Childbrirth is a unique experience in the lives of both the child and its parents. The aim of this research was to obtain information from couples that had experienced a family birth on subject of preparation for its course and the influence of this event on formation of the parental and marital bonds. Material and methods. The research has been carried out amongst 107 couples, which participated in a family birth. The basic research tool consisted of the author's own survey prepared in two versions: (K) for the woman and (M) for the child's father. Results: The Internet, magazines and the participation in a birth school constituted the main source of information for expecting parents. Amongst the main motivations for participating in a family birth indicated by women were: obtaining psychological support (72.89%), the desire to be with someone close to them (41.12%), providing a sense of security (27.10%). For men their presence during birth was connected with psychological support for their wife (62.61%), experience an unforgettable moment (36.44%), be with someone close to them (26.16%). Conclusion: The spouses claimed that participating in a family birth had a beneficial effect on the marital relationships and increases the feeling of safety among parturient.
PL
Poród jest dla dziecka i jego rodziców wydarzeniem szczególnym. Celem badań było uzyskanie informacji od par, które odbyły poród rodzinny, na temat przygotowania do porodu, jego przebiegu oraz kształtowania się więzi rodzicielskich i małżeńskich w kontekście porodu rodzinnego. Materiał i metoda: Badania przeprowadzono wśród 107 par, które uczestniczyły w porodzie rodzinnym. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił autorski kwestionariusz ankiety w dwóch wersjach: (K) – dla kobiet i (M) – dla ojca dziecka. Wyniki: Głównym źródłem informacji o porodzie rodzinnym dla przyszłych rodziców był Internet, czasopisma oraz uczestnictwo w zajęciach szkoły rodzenia. Motywacją do jego odbycia, wskazywaną przez kobiety, było: uzyskanie wsparcia psychicznego (72,89%), chęć bycia z kimś bliskim (41,12%), zapewnienie poczucia bezpieczeństwa (27,10%). Dla mężczyzn obecność przy porodzie powodowana była chęcią udzielenia żonie wsparcia psychicznego (62,61%), przeżycia niezapomnianej chwili (36,44%) oraz bycia z kimś bliskim (26,16%). Wnioski: Poród rodzinny pozytywnie wpływa na relacje małżeńskie oraz zwiększa poczucie bezpieczeństwa wśród rodzących.
PL
Contemporary socio-cultural transformations of family life can be observed in the area of non-specialist parental discourse in terms of both modern parenthood and the celebration of childhood. The new quality in the experience and creation of parenthood is noticeable especially in the communication performed with the help of Web 2.0 tools (which are currently among the most important platforms for the exchange of particularly valued “unscientific” – experience, because it is based on empirical knowledge). Internet messages (entries, posts, comments) create an involved parenting and glorify a small child as a subject of parental efforts in the context of post-hierarchical relationships, but they also serve to profile communities gathered around a superior idea or topic (e.g. eco-mum, modern mother, fitmum, dad in the city, dad at work, etc.). They also endorse the principle of the aestheticisation of everyday life, the messages are filled with linguistic humour and expose a non-standard way of thinking, matching perfectly the main trends of postmodern communication.
EN
This paper aims to investigate the ways in which parents relate to the emotional and sexual lives of their adolescent children, considering the changes that occurred in the configuration of current families, at both the relational and structural level. Of these two levels, the former considers the quality of relations among family members, while the latter refers to the new family forms currently appearing within the social scenario, disarranging the traditional way of thinking about the family and originating new ways of conceiving the roles of male and female, being together, the idea of couple and – last but not least – sexuality and the various ways of living and experiencing it. The idea is to test whether the new family configurations show different ways, compared to the traditional family, in considering children’s education and managing aspects related to this stage of life. We focus here on same-sex families, with the aim of understanding the complexities determined in this specific family environment – which in many respects is still not fully recognized in Italy. The article in the end points out the theoretical and methodological challenges that will have to be tackled in future; and relatively, it points out a research, which aims to explore the socialisation process of adolescents, and their consequent sexual approach, in the homosexual families contest.
EN
The research study focuses on verification of the relationship between individual components of parenting and pubescent self-concept. The aim is also to examine gender differences in perceived parenting and self-concept in pubescent youth. It is a correlation-comparative study with the research sample consisting of 119 pubescent youth aged 11–15. Research tools: the Parenting Style Questionnaire (Čáp & Boschek) and the Piers-Harris Children’s and Adolescents’ Self-Concept Scale 2. Research results allow for stating that perceived parenting significantly correlates with pubescent self-concept. Gender differences in perceived parenting appear only in mothers, in the negative emotional component and in the component of demands, with girls scoring significantly higher. A gender difference in favour of boys can be stated in the overall pubescent self-concept.
EN
The article presents considerations on the essence of education inspired by the perception of the ambiguity of categories used in psychology and concerning parenting, such as parenting style, style of upbringing and parental attitude. In the article, the differences between social influence and development and upbringing as well as key features of educational activities (intentionality, purposefulness, processuality, asymmetry of educational relation) were pointed out. The author treats upbringing as a long-lasting and intentional interpersonal interaction aimed at optimization the development of a pupil. The domain of educational activity is updating the developmental potential. Accepting such an assumption, she notes that not all parenting activities mean upbringing. Its influence can be destructive from the child's development point of view. However, the attempt to go beyond the caring and educational functions with which parenthood is most often identified has resulted in the author's approach to the parenting style. It is discussed on the basis of a complex network of factors differentiating the interpersonal and intrapsychic dimension of the parents' experiences.
EN
The present paper aims to propose a possible ways of integrating analyses related with parental socialization with analyses related with parenting, caregiving and raising up/upbringing a child. A few theoretical analyses were proposed to this end. First, concept of socialization was discussed in its culture related and axiological aspects. Secondly, socialization theory with dimensions of socialization as proposed by Gruces and Davidov (2010) was described. Finally, the proposition of the hierarchical structuration of concepts under the study was formulated introducing relations between parental socialization, parental caregiving, as well as predominant in main stream English-language literature concept of parenting, and common in Polish literature concept of raising up/upbringing. Building the bridge connecting these concepts is needed for at least two reasons. On the one hand, it is needed for researchers connecting various concepts and theories of the lower level than socialization theory in their analyses, e.g., attachment theory in which parental caregiving is analyzed with parenting framework traditionally having different roots. On the other hand, bridging these concepts may be helpful in connecting Polish tradition of research on raising up/upbringing and main stream foreigner psychological research on parenting and socialization.
EN
Matysiak-Błaszczyk Agata, Ściupider-Młodkowska Mirosława, Wybrane aspekty realizacji współczesnych ról rodzicielskich ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zniewolonego macierzyństwa [Selected Aspects of the Implementation of Contemporary Parental Roles, with Special Emphasis on Enslaved Motherhood]. Studia Edukacyjne nr 56, 2020, Poznań 2020, pp. 185-198. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 1233-6688. DOI: 10.14746/se.2020.56.10 This text is intended to reveal selected consequences of parenthood in conditions of permanent social change. The authors of the article have analyzed some of the advantages and disadvantages among the parents, who are the norm and the majority of family relationships, as well as in the minority group, who realize their role of being a mother in a space of total isolation. The first part will reveal a parenthood full of tensions in the face of cultural expectations of the multiplicity of choices. The second part of the text is made up of disadvantages of imprisoned parenthood, exposed to particular pressures and destruction of ties, in the destructive arrangements of mothers serving time with their children.
EN
The article focuses on how parents of school and younger children experienced school closures associated with the Covid-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic. Using an intersectional approach in qualitative research, we examine how parents coped with the increased demands of childcare and how their perception of childcare changed during the pandemic. More generally, we ask whether the pandemic situation was an opportunity for greater recognition and valuation of care. We present an analysis of serial qualitative interviews with 32 solo mothers and 19 parents living in couples that were conducted between the spring of 2020 and the summer of 2021. Parents had a both positive and negative experience of care during the Covid-19 pandemic. The first school closure in the spring of 2020 was perceived as a rather positive opportunity to step outside the course of everyday life. However, as the pandemic continued, the long-term negative effects that the increased care duties during lockdown had on people and especially mothers became apparent: a worsening labour market position, a deteriorating economic situation, and an increasing dependence of women on male breadwinners or on the social support system. The pandemic highlighted the paradox of reproductive work in late capitalism and showed how childcare has no market value in itself. Although in the first period of the pandemic parents experienced care to some extent as an opportunity, a source of meaning, and a rediscovered value, overall the pandemic did not lead to a greater recognition or valuation of care in society.
EN
Intersexualism is often treated as a secret in medical and family systems. According to the thesis that intersex body is pathological and requires immediate surgical and hormonal regulation, intersex persons are subject to the process which involves rapid production of normative masculinity or femininity through invasive clinical practices. The goal of the study was to diagnose the experiences of parents of an intersex child with searching for support during the treatment for both the child and themselves. The study was conducted by means of individual semi-structured interview. The results are presented as a case study. It was shown that parents do not always receive the necessary social and medical support, and their children are treated as sensations and pathologies, regardless of the fact that empathy and acceptance are critical for making the right treatment-related decisions.
PL
W ostatnich latach obserwować można coraz wyraźniejsze działania mające na celu wspieranie osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w uczestnictwie we wszystkich aspektach życia społecznego, a wraz z nimi rosnący odsetek ludzi z tą niepełnosprawnością, którzy wyrażają potrzebę, by zostać rodzicami, i rzeczywiście nimi zostają. Autorka analizuje nowe trendy w podejściu do kwestii rodzicielstwa tych osób oraz zwraca uwagę zarówno na trudności, z jakimi musi się zmierzyć wielu rodziców z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną, jak i na ich możliwości. Opisuje zmiany w obszarze teorii i praktyki pedagogiki specjalnej, koncentrując się na paradygmatach: społecznym, emancypacyjnym, normalizacyjnym i interpretatywnym w kontekście rodzicielstwa osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną.
EN
As we make progress in supporting people with intellectual disabilities so that they can participate in all the aspects of social life, more and more of them are expressing the need to become parents and actually are becoming parents. The author analyzes new trends in attitudes towards parenting by these people and stresses both the challenges that many of these parents face and their capabilities. She describes some changes in the area of theory and practice of special education, focusing on its social, emancipatory, normalization and interpretative paradigms in the context of parenting by people with intellectual disabilities.
14
70%
EN
This paper describes a theoretical considerations of children’s socialization and provides a pedagogical perspective. It presents functions, mechanisms and models of socialization and it indicates the differences between socialization and parenting.
PL
The objective of the article is to present a group intervention program in the narrative approach with parents of adolescents who suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For this purpose, the article will review the characteristic difficulties of parents of adolescents who have ADHD, the principles of the narrative approach, and the contribution of the group in work in this approach. On this basis, the initial intervention program, which addresses unique components intended to answer the difficulties and content worlds of this population of parents, will be presented. This article will express the parents’ strengths and the difficulties that they face and the group processes that influenced the change in the perceptions and behaviors of parents of adolescents with ADHD. These contents were learned from the pilot group of the research study. Five parents, primarily mothers, of children aged twelve to fourteen who suffer from ADHD participated in the group. The article will address one of the significant difficulties that arose in the encounters with the parents, the behavior of the adolescent who has ADHD regarding the religious identity and behavior appropriate for the values upon which he was educated. The contribution of the research study lies in that it offers parents support and ways of coping with the stress and emotional load that accompanies their coping with the adolescent who has ADHD.
EN
Parenting is sometimes seen as a gift or as a duty. In any case, it is the responsibility of the parent (adult) for a child, who should be given the opportunity for the fullest development and gaining happiness in his/her life. At the same time, parenthood gives man the opportunity to complete his/her happy fate. Can anyone be well prepared for parenthood and fulfill it well? Today, it is quite often posed the question of the right of disabled people to parenthood. Societies declaring the inalienable and equal rights of people with different types of disability in the face of having children by disabled people (especially with intellectual disabilities) are no longer so clearly unanimous. The abovementioned dilemmas are taken into consideration and presented in this article. The author presents stories of disabled parents – their dilemmas and problems faced every day. She draws attention to the “shadows” but also the “pros” of parenthood of disabled people.
PL
Rodzicielstwo postrzegane bywa jako dar lub jako obowiązek. W każdym przypadku jest odpowiedzialnością rodzica (dorosłego człowieka) za dziecko, któremu należy stworzyć warunki jak najpełniejszego rozwoju i osiągania szczęścia we własnym życiu. Jednocześnie rodzicielstwo daje człowiekowi możliwość dopełnienia własnego szczęśliwego losu. Czy każdy jednak może się do rodzicielstwa dobrze przygotować i dobrze je wypełnić? Obecnie dość często stawia się pytanie o prawo osób niepełnosprawnych do rodzicielstwa. Społeczeństwa, deklarując niezbywalność i równość praw osób z różnego rodzaju niepełnosprawnością, w obliczu zagadnienia posiadania dzieci przez osoby niepełnosprawne (zwłaszcza z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną) nie są już tak jednoznacznie zgodne. Tym właśnie dylematom poświęcone są rozważania zawarte w niniejszym artykule. Autorka ukazuje historie niepełnosprawnych rodziców, ich dylematy oraz problemy, z jakimi borykają się na co dzień. Zwraca uwagę na „cienie”, ale i „blaski” rodzicielstwa osób niepełnosprawnych.
17
Content available remote

Emoční práce a emoční regulace v rodičovství

61%
EN
This study introduces the concept of emotional labour, the theoretical underpinnings of its delineation and connections to emotion regulation and brings it into the context of parenthood. Emotional labour was originally described by sociologists in the context of a work environment which requires one to consciously influence one’s emotions when interacting with a customer or a client. The connection of emotional labour with psychological theories of emotion regulation allowed for a better understanding and grasp the mechanisms through which emotional labour can lead to “burning out” or stress. Currently, parents are exposed to a great amount of information about how to “correctly” parent their children, which together with their own idea of a good parent, the influence of their family and close friends as well as other people, creates high demands precisely in the area of experiencing and expressing emotions in their interactions with their children. Today, the parent role approaches that of the job in several aspects. Its demands for emotional labour can be linked to negative impacts on mental health. The concept of emotional labour can be considered to be appropriate for a better understanding of what a parent experiences with the child in mundane situations and how parents handle the emotions. The perspective of emotional labour can therefore bring important information about emotions in parenthood and about the influence of intentionally working with these emotions on the mental functioning of parents even beyond the explanatory confines of emotion regulation. This study also introduces measurement instruments used to capture emotional labour and its dimensions. For future research of emotional labour in parenthood, creating a valid and reliable instrument, which has so far been lacking both in the Czech and international contexts, is a necessity.
CS
Tato studie představuje koncept emoční práce, teoretická východiska jeho vymezení a souvislostí s emoční regulací a uvádí jej nově do kontextu rodičovství. Emoční práce byla původně popsána sociology v pracovním prostředí při výkonu povolání, jehož náplň vyžaduje vědomé ovlivňování projevovaných emocí v interakci se zákazníkem nebo klientem. Propojení emoční práce s psychologickými teoriemi emoční regulace umožnilo lépe uchopit a zkoumat mechanismy, skrze něž může emoční práce vést k vyhoření či stresu. Rodiče jsou v současnosti vystaveni velkému množství informací o „správné“ výchově dětí, což společně s jejich vlastní reprezentací dobrého rodiče, dále vlivem blízkého, ale i širšího okolí na ně klade vysoké nároky právě v oblasti prožívání a vyjadřování emocí v interakci s dětmi. Role rodiče se v dnešní době v určitých aspektech více přibližuje tomu, co lze chápat jako povolání, jehož náročnost na práci s emocemi může souviset s negativními dopady v oblasti psychického zdraví. Koncept emoční práce lze pokládat za vhodný pro bližší porozumění tomu, co rodič v každodenních situacích s dítětem zažívá, jak s emocemi záměrně zachází. Perspektiva emoční práce tak může přinést důležité informace o emocích v rodičovství a o dopadech záměrné práce s nimi na psychické fungování rodičů i nad rámec vysvětlení, které poskytuje užití konceptu emoční regulace. Studie také představila i měřící nástroje používané k zachycení emoční práce a jejích jednotlivých dimenzí. Pro budoucí výzkum emoční práce v kontextu rodičovství je nutnou podmínkou vytvoření validního a reliabilního nástroje, který, a to nejen v českém prostředí, dosud chybí.
EN
Voluntary childlessness is getting increasingly more attention of researchers of different disciplines (e.g. Callan 1983, Kalus 2002, Mynarska 2009, 2011, Slany 2002). This is a topic taken up in studies of different perspectives: demographic, sociological, economic and psychological . This paper is devoted to presenting the results of own research, which were aimed at seeking answers to the question: how are voluntarily childless couples perceived? The research was conducted on a group of 186 young adults, using the scenario method developed basing on the method by C. Lampman and Dowling-Guyer used in studies at the University of Alaska (Lampman, Dowling-Guyer, 1995). The results obtained confirm that the fact of having children significantly differentiates the perception of married couples. Voluntarily childless people are considered less diligent, less caring and sensitive both in respect to parents and infertile couples, and less mature emotionally than parents.
PL
Zamierzona bezdzietność coraz częściej zajmuje uwagę badaczy różnych dyscyplin naukowych (m.in. Callan 1983, Kalus 2002, Mynarska 2009, 2011, Slany 2002). Jest to temat podejmowany w badaniach z różnych ujęć: demograficznego, socjologicznego, ekonomicznego, psychologicznego. Niniejsza praca poświęcona jest prezentacji wyników badań własnych, które miały na celu odpowiedź na pytanie: jak postrzegane są pary zamierzenie bezdzietne? Badania zostały przeprowadzone na grupie 186 młodych dorosłych, za pomocą metody scenariuszowej opracowanej w oparciu o metodę autorstwa Lampman i Dowling-Guyer użytą do badań na Uniwersytecie Alaska (Lampman, Dowling-Guyer, 1995). Otrzymane wyniki potwierdzają, że posiadanie potomstwa istotnie różnicuje postrzeganie par małżeńskich. Osoby zamierzenie bezdzietne uważane są za mniej pracowite, mniej troskliwe i czułe zarówno od rodziców, jak i osób niepłodnych, a także za mniej dojrzałe emocjonalnie od par posiadających dzieci.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the phenomenon of sharenting. Referring to selected research reports conducted in this field both in Poland and worldwide, I will try to indicate the motives that accompany parents who share information, photos and films about their child via social media. I will then consider the benefits and dangers that may arise from sharenting activities. I will conclude by pointing out the need for educational activities aimed at parents relating to the sensible posting of sensitive content on social media.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie zjawiska sharentingu. Przywołując wybrane doniesienia badawcze przeprowadzone w tym zakresie zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie, postaram się wskazać motywy, jakie towarzyszą rodzicom, którzy udostępniają za pośrednictwem mediów społecznościowych informacje, zdjęcia, filmy o swoim dziecku. Następnie rozważę korzyści i niebezpieczeństwa, jakie mogą wynikać z działań o charakterze sharentingowym. Na zakończenie wskażę potrzebę prowadzenia działań edukacyjnych przeznaczonych dla rodziców odnoszących się do rozsądnego umieszczania treści wrażliwych w mediach społecznościowych.
Kultura i Wychowanie
|
2022
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vol. 22
|
issue 2
87-92
EN
The article presents reflections on communication between parents and children. The main point of reference is the process of upbringing through appropriate communication in the family. The text contains information about one-way and non-verbal communication, the dangers of closed communication, and authoritativeness in raising a child. Proper communication is crucial in avoiding conflicts and promoting good family relationships.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia rozważania na temat komunikacji rodziców z dziećmi. Głównym punktem odniesienia jest proces wychowania poprzez odpowiednie porozumiewanie się w rodzinie. Tekst zawiera informacje o komunikacji jednostronnej i niewerbalnej w początkowej fazie rodzicielstwa, wyjaśnia, jak ważna jest otwartość i dwustronność komunikacji oraz jakie zagrożenia niesie komunikacja zamknięta oraz autorytarność w wychowaniu dziecka. Odpowiednia komunikacja jest istotna dla unikania konfliktów oraz sprzyja dobrym relacjom w rodzinie.
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