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EN
The topicality of the research is determined by the need for changes in higher education concerned with implementing the principles of sustainable education. The article focuses on teacher training, highlighting the teacher's profession as an attractive choice of one's career that permits to ensure the development of general and professional skills and an opportunity for new specialists to align with the labour market. The empirical study of students' understanding of their professional activity and of the conditions for its formation is conducted by applying structured interviews (of practice supervisors, students, academic staff); students and experts' questionnaire. Comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative data and triangulation were used in case studies. As a result, a framework of pedagogical practice organisation has been created in order to form students' independent professional activity. The criteria and indicators of independent professional activity have been formulated and suggestions for designers of study programmes and organisers of the study process have been provided.
EN
An increased interest in qualitative research is connected with the revival of the discussion on reliability and credibility of research conducted by qualitative methods. The aim of the article is to present certain selected issues related to conducting qualitative research. Relatively common research methods used in this area are a case study and, well established in the literature on educational research, participatory action research. Other important methods are observations and interviews that are often used as a way of collecting qualitative data, which, supplemented by actual writing, are already recognized as research methods. Finally, the article describes problems of researcher’s positioning towards subjects and the social justice pedagogy based on the concept of service learning (learning in the service of society).
PL
An increased interest in qualitative research is connected with the revival of the discussion on reliability and credibility of research conducted by qualitative methods. The aim of the article is to present certain selected issues related to conducting qualitative research. Relatively common research methods used in this area are a case study and, well established in the literature on educational research, participatory action research. Other important methods are observations and interviews that are often used as a way of collecting qualitative data, which, supplemented by actual writing, are already recognized as research methods. Finally, the article describes problems of researcher’s positioning towards subjects and the social justice pedagogy based on the concept of service learning (learning in the service of society).
EN
Implementation of participatory action research during pedagogical practice facilitates sustainable education because its objective is to understand professional practice, enrich the capacity of involved participants and an opportunity to make inquiries for the improvement of quality. In the research of professional practice, subjects explore themselves; research is critically informative, active and action-oriented. Basing on the analysis of the prospective teachers' professional independence formation during pedagogical practice, the conditions for the individual's sustainable professional development are updated, the principles of organising pedagogical practice are determined. The experts' opinion method was applied in the evaluation of the developed practice model. Four experts from four Latvian universities were involved in the questionnaire; the content analysis of expert opinions was performed. As a result, the opportunities of the developed model to ensure sustainable education as well as its strengths and weaknesses were determined. Activation of the holistic and action approaches to develop students' independent professional activity and ensure sustainable education, cooperation context, targeted planning of the student-centred process, orientation to students' self-experience, respect of research aspects were completely appreciated.
EN
In this paper, we build on the ongoing disciplinary debate in cultural anthropology concerning changing understanding of contemporary ethnographic practice and consider our pedagogical work with students as a form of what Kim Fortun recently defined as "ethnographic experiment" for contemporary. We describe our methodology in which we are inspired especially by the tradition of educational anthropology and participatory action research to create spaces of collaborative encounters that we call urban laboratories.
PL
Metoda Photovoice cieszy się coraz większym zainteresowaniem badaczy na całym świecie. Z powodzeniem wykorzystywana jest jako sposób badania społeczności i wspólnot oraz grup społecznych i jednostek. Ze względu na specyfikę badania polegającą na samodzielnym tworzeniu fotografii i ich interpretacji przez uczestników – członków grup i wspólnot, metoda jest zaliczana do badań partycypacyjnych wzmacniających podmiotowość badanych i rozwijających ich świadomość społeczną. Nade wszystko jednak, poza dostarczaniem wiedzy o subiektywnym świecie i problemach osób i grup, metoda Photovoice, widziana jest jako katalizator zmian wśród społeczności i grup społecznych, które znajdują się w niekorzystnej sytuacji życiowej ze względu na zjawiska wykluczenia i dyskryminacji. Jest więc to metoda z obszaru partycypacyjnych badań w działaniu, stosowana do rozpoznania i wyemancypowania jednostek i społeczności w działaniach wobec różnych problemów zdrowotnych, społecznych, kulturowych, socjalnych czy związanych z dyskryminacją i wykluczeniem w kontekście obywatelstwa, ale także jest to metoda wpływu na rozwiązania społeczne i decyzje polityczne. Pomimo rosnącej popularności na całym świecie metoda Photovoice jest słabo znana w Polsce, a pedagogom polskim niemal zupełnie obca. Artykuł przybliża w dużym skrócie sens i obraz Photovoice jako metody badania i działania z intencją jej spopularyzowania wśród polskich pedagogów społecznych.
EN
The Photovoice method gains increasing attention from researchers worldwide. It is a helpful method in study of communities, collectives and individuals. The creation of photographs and their interpretation is given to the subjects – whether members of a specific group or class increasing participation and social awareness of researched people, who become more involved in the researcher process. Apart from delivering information about subjective worldviews, the Photovoice method is above all else seen as a catalyst among social groups that suffer from unfortunate situations, stemming from exclusion and discrimination. This is a method relating to participatory studies used to recognize, analyze, and emancipate individuals and groups from their relationship with different health, social, and cultural issues or from problems related to discrimination or exclusion (specifically relating to land and ownership). More importantly, this is also a persuasive method meant to help resolve social problems and impact political decisions. Despite its growing worldwide prominence, the Photovoice method is poorly known in Poland, and seemingly completely foreign to pedagogues. The author of this article seeks to illustrate the Photovoice method with intention to make it more popular amongst Polish pedagogues.
EN
This paper reports on an action research study that took place during a one-week professional development course focused on establishing gender equality in primary schools, held in a Teachers’ College in Southern Tanzania (June/July 2015), in which 28 educators and administrators participated. I draw upon Sarah Ahmed’s (2005) theoretical framework of gender orientations to explore understanding of gender. A feminist, participatory, action research methodology using multimodal methods (Jewitt, 2008; Kress & van Leeuwen, 2001) was used to collect and analyze data. Highlighted are salient aspects activities and discussions in which the participants engaged concerned with constructions and orientations of gender, and gender-based oppression, violence, and discrimination and how these impact girls’ education. I also report on participants’ personal and professional knowledge, understanding, and insights into barriers to, and opportunities for gender equality and their proposed approaches for bringing about change through initiatives they articulated in the gender-responsive school action plans they began to develop. Findings indicate that despite the participants’ interest in learning more about gender constructions and orientations – conceptually as well as practically – and the implied expectation from policies than educators essential in bringing about transformative change leading to gender equality in society, the participants had had little, if any, exposure to policies, initiatives, resources, or professional development to guide and support them. Recommendations including provided professional development opportunities in gender-responsive pedagogy and programming at all schooling levels, and to include educators’ voices, as experts of their own contexts, in future policies, programming, and initiatives.
PL
Do niedawna miasto jako forma przestrzenna i sposób organizacji życia społecznego pogrążało się w kryzysie. W ostatnim czasie w Polsce coraz częściej jednak mówi się o renesansie miejskości. Jego wyrazem ma być wzrost aktywności ruchów społecznych i znaczenia partycypacji obywatelskiej. Przedmiotem artykułu jest rola, jaką w polityce miejskiej mogą odgrywać konsultacje społeczne dotyczące planowania przestrzennego. Na podstawie analizy przypadku konsultacji prowadzonych aktywnymi, nowatorskimi metodami rekonstruowany jest potencjał takich świadomych interwencji socjologicznych w wyprowadzaniu wspólnoty miejskiej z kryzysu.
EN
As a form of spatial and social organization, the city has been in deep crisis in the recent years. Nowadays in Poland, we can observe the renaissance of urbanity, as evidenced mostly in the increasing activity of social movements and the growing importance of civic participation. This paper discusses the role public consultation on spatial planning can play in urban policy. The analysis is based on a case study of active and innovative approaches to public consultations carried out during the process. The authors describe the potential of such sociological intervention in solving the crisis of urban communities.
PL
Artykuł jest refleksją nad miejscem, zadaniami i celem antropologii kulturowej we współczesnym świecie. Został zainspirowany dyskusją, która odbyła się podczas konferencji Ethnology Without Borders 2022 – Europe at Risk. Początek lat 20. XXI wieku wstrząsnął podstawami relacji antropologii z polityką i społeczeństwem: od niszczycielskiej pandemii i coraz bardziej obecnych skutków zmian klimatu, po wybuch wojny w Europie. Autorka zastanawia się, jak powinna działać antropologia w obliczu tych kryzysów, które jednocześnie zagrażają ludzkości i obnażają niepewność akademickiej przyszłości. Prezentacja różnych koncepcji badawczych ma na celu przybliżenie, w czym tkwi problem, skoro wszyscy chcą dobrze. W artykule przedstawiono dorobek części antropologów krytykujących działania oparte na tak zwanych dobrych intencjach i zwraca uwagę na dokonania Antropologii Rozwoju, co autorka ilustruje przykładami z własnych obserwacji poczynionych podczas badań terenowych w Nepalu i szkoleniach NATO. Nurt Cool Anthropology jest potencjalnie właściwym kierunkiem rozwoju współczesnej antropologii. Postawione w artykule pytania mają skłonić do refleksji nad tezą autorki, że jako antropolodzy będący częścią uprzywilejowanej warstwy społecznej powinni zadać sobie pytania: w jaki sposób zrekonceptualizować działania antropologiczne poza silosami sfery akademickiej i publicznej, aby stać się społecznie użytecznymi?
EN
The article is a reflection on the place, tasks and purpose of cultural anthropology in the contemporary world. It was inspired by a discussion that took place during Ethnology Without Borders 2022 Conference. The 21st century shook the foundations of anthropology’s relationship with politics and society: from the devastating pandemic and the increasing effects of climate change, to the outbreak of war in Europe. The author ponders how anthropology should operate in the face of these crises. The presentation of various research concepts aims to bring closer where the problem is while everyone means well. The article presents the achievements of some anthropologists who criticize actions based on good intentions and draws attention to the achievements of Anthropology of Development, which the author illustrates with some examples from her own observations made during field research in Nepal and NATO training. The Cool Anthropology trend is potentially a right direction for development of contemporary anthropology. The questions posed in the article are intended to provoke reflection on the author’s thesis that as anthropologists who are part of a privileged social layer, should ask themselves the question: how to reconceptualize anthropological activities outside the resources of the academic spheres in order to become socially useful.
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2019
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vol. 15
|
issue 2
118-130
EN
The text addresses methodological and ethical issues that arise when a biographical method based on a narrative interview is associated with an emancipatory social-pedagogical practice. As the advantages of the biographical approach have already been analyzed any times, and the concept “narration” is increasingly popular in contemporary public discourse, the title issue will be developed in a critical perspective. The last part of the text is devoted to the analysis of compatibility of the biographical approach with the basic assumptions and objectives of participatory action research. The further reconstruction includes emancipatory potentials of biographical research methods.
PL
Tekst podejmuje kwestie metodologiczne oraz etyczne pojawiające się, gdy metoda biograficzna oparta na wywiadzie narracyjnym wiązana jest z emancypacyjną praktyką społeczno-pedagogiczną. Jako że zalety podejścia biograficznego były już wielokrotnie analizowane, a samo pojęcie „narracja” cieszy się niezwykłą popularnością we współczesnym dyskursie publicznym, tytułowe zagadnienie będzie rozwijane w perspektywie krytycznej. Ostatnia część tekstu poświęcona jest zakresowi przystawalności metody biograficznej do podstawowych założeń i celów badań partycypacyjnych. W tym zakresie rozwijana w artykule rekonstrukcja obejmuje potencjały emancypacyjne oraz aktywizujące metody biograficznej.
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