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1

Marx’s Concept of Ideology and its Successors

100%

Znepolski B.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2018

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issue 3

185-202

EN

The article aims at revealing the historical reinterpretations of one of social sciences’ key concepts, namely that of ideology. Referring to the analyses of Étienne Balibar and Jacques Derrida, it tries, firstly, to clarify the main moments of the Marxian concept of ideology. In Karl Marx’s view ideology is an expression of the social deformations of consciousness in class divided bourgeois society, while in the works of his disciples, among others Louis Althusser, the ideological phenomenon is generalized and con-ceived of as a basic principle of all human practice and as a necessary condition for the social integration of individuals. Moving still further form Marx, Pierre Bourdieu deep-ens Louis Althusser’s line of interpretation and abandons the very concept of ideology substituting for it the concepts of “doxa,” which does not bind human sociality to con-sciousness, but to corporeal dispositions. Unlike ideology, doxa is not just an effect of an already constituted social reality, but rather a principle of its constitution, and, there-fore, a principle of constitution of social domination as well.

2

The Hegemonic Subjectification in Ernesto Laclau’s Theory of Discourse

84%

Górski J.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2019

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issue 1

233-255

EN

This article discusses the character of hegemonic subjectification as it is seen by Ernesto Laclau. By explaining the concepts of the constitutive features and form of a hegemonically acquired political identity, such as antagonism, undecidability, overdetermination and decision, I define the social fields and dynamics of subjectification. At the same time, I adopt that such subjectification occurs within the boundaries of the particular (demand)–universal, i.e., the ideologically assigned view of identity as totality. Besides, in contrast to Laclau, I juxtapose the dialectically conceived form of the particular–universal relation with its poststructuralist Laclau’s version, and I try to prove that—contrary to Laclau—the idea of hegemony enjoys its vitality thanks to Theodor W. Adorno’s concept of negative dialectics. To determine the points of similarity of the two methods of constructing and deconstructing identity and subjectivity, I reject Elmar Flatschart’s incomparability argument. Lastly, I point out the earlier mentioned points of convergence: on Adorno’s part—the concept of proper names and the concept of constellation; on Laclau’s part—the concept of undecidability and decision which keep discourse ontologically and epistemologically open.

3

Poznanie metafizyczne w świetle rozróżnień abstrakcyjne– konkretne i ogólne–jednostkowe

84%

Luc J.

IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych

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2015

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vol. 27

215-223

EN

The aim of this paper is to present an approach in metaphysics/ontology, which is founded on two distinctions: abstract–concrete and universal–particular. To different cognitive issues one can assign different “categorical coordinates”, namely: a place in the spectrum of abstractness and one of the three following characteristics: particularity, proper universality, total universality. The thesis of this paper is that metaphysics should be located in the region of universality and high degrees of abstractness. Such a localization is connected with specific cognitive difficulties which are present in this branch of philosophy. I demonstrate some problems from the history of philosophy which could be interpreted as caused by these difficulties. Applicability of my thesis to such concrete cases is treated as its indirect justification.

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2 Dialogue and Universalism

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1 Znepolski B.

Marx’s Concept of Ideology and its Successors

The Hegemonic Subjectification in Ernesto Laclau’s Theory of Discourse

Poznanie metafizyczne w świetle rozróżnień abstrakcyjne– konkretne i ogólne–jednostkowe