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Rząd Mniejszościowy

100%
Mróz R.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2013
|
issue 1(114)
35-46
EN
The article is concentrated on the question whether minority government can be regarded as a crucial element of a stable political system. In Polish literature, it is usually considered as a negative phenomenon that arises from excessively broad spectrum of parties in the parliament and causes disintegration of the political system, while e.g. Scandinavian countries found it to be benefi cial for the stability and effi ciency of the political scene. Therefore, if it were to be regarded as a factor behind the political crisis, the only conclusion would be that those countries struggle permanently with such diffi culties, but the history shows that they do not. The author also attempts to compare the practical experiences of implementing and functioning of such model to the sphere of ideologies, to determine whether a minority government is not, in fact, one of the most profound means of practicing democracy.
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Kryzys gospodarczy a fragmentacja europejskich systemów partyjnych

63%
Rafałowski W.
Studia Socjologiczno-Polityczne. Seria Nowa
|
2015
|
vol. 03(1)
9-34
PL
It has been found that economic difficulties may lead to a substantial change in the number of parties in a polity, the main aspect used to describe and classify party systems. When crisis strikes the economy, parliamentary representatives of the ruling party will leave it and either join the opposition or develop their own political milieus, forming new parties. In both cases the fragmentation is expected to rise. This hypothesis has been confirmed to be true in Latin America. In this paper I use data on parliamentary elections held from 1980 onwards in 34 European countries to explore whether the dynamics of economic development affects the number of parties. The fragmentation is positively linked with the inflation rate and negatively with the GDP growth. The post-communist context moderates the strength of this relationship. These findings are illustrated with case studies of Greek, Icelandic and Latvian party system dynamics.
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