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Polonia Journal
|
2018
|
issue 7
101-116
PL
Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie idei biernego oporu i odpowiedzenie na pytanie, czy stosowanie biernego oporu jako formy prowadzenia protestu przez demonstrantów jest prawnie dopuszczalne. W tym celu w pracy zostały przedstawione wybrane tezy z orzecznictwa sądów polskich, niemieckich i austriackich. Odwołano się także do głośnego w RFN kazusu Wolfganga Thiersego, wiceprzewodniczącego Bundestagu, który jako parlamentarzysta wziął udział w nielegalnej blokadzie marszu neonazistów. Autor podejmuje się także oceny tego, czy uczestnicy protestu przed gmachem Sejmu w grudniu 2016 r. popełnili przestępstwo stosując bierny opór.
EN
This paper’s aim is to show the idea of passive resistance and to answer the question, whether the practicing of passive resistance is a legal form of protest. In order to that chosen thesis from Polish, German and Austrian judicature were presented. The author refers also to the notorious Wolfgang Thierse’s case. Finally author attempts to evaluate, whether participants of the manifestation in front of the Sejm’s sit in December 2016 committed a crime practicing passive resistance.
EN
Narodowa Demokracja proclaimed its programme to resign from violence as a military activity and manifested its reluctance to insurrectionary techniques of political fighting. It postponed the decision to begin a national uprising, which was supported by a number of factors. Narodowa Demokracja were willing to benefit from the impact made by social authority figures like the Church, the school, and the press. The rules they set out condemned any political loyalty to the occupants. They encouraged passive resistance against Russification or Germanisation and engagement in legal political activities. Narodowa Demokracja focused on how to organise effectively education and upbringing with the use of available means to educate the Polish nation. The experience of the partitions was disregarded when Sanacja, a Polish coalition political movement, was in power. As a result, a wide range of nonviolent resistance methods was adopted, including political and economic boycott.
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