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EN
The removal (Schub), i.e. the enforced transportation of people to their "official home", is today a forgotten process which existed in the Habsburg monarchy from the mid-18th century and was adopted by both the First Austrian Republic and First Czechoslovak Republic. This study analyses removal using legal-historical analyses and a micro-historical approach. An analysis of the legal rulings surroundig removal shows an ever greater centralization of the removal agenda and, a the same time, the decentralization of removal costs. The micro-historical approach presents a view of an ordinary day in a Moravian village in 1828, which lay on the main removal route. This study attempts to show how communities were put under pressure by removal, which regularly and over the long term drained human resources and was a source of conflict in the rural communities.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono kształtowanie się fundamentów polityki społecznej w elżbietań-skiej Anglii. Omówiono podstawowe akty prawne tego okresu oraz opisano radykalny charakter reform, jakim miały służyć. Dla zrealizowania tych zamiarów ustanowiono prawa zakazujące żebractwa, z drugiej zaś strony przejęto instytucje służące dobroczynności i pomocy społecznej. Opieka społeczna miała być odtąd realizowana nie według mało selektywnych kryteriów z prze-szłości, ale według zasad bazujących przede wszystkim na odróżnieniu potrzebujących od tych, którzy takiej pomocy nie potrzebowali. Przyjmuje się, że pierwszym źródłem prawa w dziedzinie pomocy społecznej był akt wydany przez angielską królową w 1601 roku, zwany Prawem ubogich.
EN
This paper presents the development of the foundations of social policy in Elizabethan England. The basic laws of this period were discussed as well as the radical nature of the reforms. To make these plans real, certain laws were established and begging was to be banned. On the other hand institutions for charity and social welfare were taken over. From that time social services were not supposed to be implemented according to selected criteria from the past, but according to rules based primarily on the contrast between those who are in need of such assistance and those who are not. It is assumed that the primary source of law in the field of social assistance was the measure adopted by the Queen of England in 1601, called the law of the poor.
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