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EN
The history and traditions of Polish-Ukrainian military contacts are as rich as the relations between the two nations. Intensive military cooperation dates back to the mid-16th century and is connected with the pursuit of the military capabilities of the Cossacks. The next chapter of Polish-Ukrainian military cooperation started just after the end of the First World War. The state authorities, analysing the political and military situation, noticed the importance of Ukraine for the future balance of power in Europe and its impact on Poland’s security in the east. The leader of the Ukrainian National Republic (UNR), ataman Symon Petlura, had a similar approach. The need for joint action in the face of growing threat led both parties to intensify negotiations and to sign a political and military agreement. The findings made on 14 January 1992 during the visit of the Minister of Defence of Ukraine, Colonel Konstantin Morozov, to Poland should be regarded as the beginning of contemporary military contacts with Ukraine. In formal terms, the legal basis for cooperation was the agreement on this matter, signed on 3 February 1993 in Kiev. In its framework, both parties agreed to develop, inter alia, training and training-operational cooperation. It was intended to be implemented through contacts between units stationed in the border regions, transferring the main effort to the lower levels of command.
Zagadnienia społeczne
|
2021
|
vol. 1
|
issue 15
235-259
EN
International security is an extremely diverse sphere. Procedures for counteracting threats and problems in the diplomatic and tactful settlement of disputes between countries meant that peacekeeping missions have gained importance. The Polish army has been participating in UN missions on various continents for several decades. An important issue in multinational activities is their purpose. The use of the army is now associated with the pursuit of peace and stability rather than combat and land seizure.
PL
Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe to sfera niezwykle zróżnicowana. Procedury przeciwdziałania niebezpieczeństwom oraz problemy w dyplomatycznym oraz taktownym rozstrzyganiu sporów między państwami spowodowały, że misje pokojowe zaczęły nabierać znaczenia. Armia polska od kilkudziesięciu lat bierze udział w misjach pokojowych ONZ na różnych kontynentach. W działaniach wielonarodowych istotną kwestią jest ich cel. Użycie wojska jest obecnie związane z dążeniem do pokoju i stabilności, a nie z walkami i zajmowaniem obszaru.
EN
The ethnic conflict between the Serbs and the Albanians in Kosovo led to the outbreak of armed conflict accompanied by violence and acts of genocide. It forced international organizations to take decisive action to end the conflict, as well as start a process of building peace and stabilize the situation in the region. NATO, the UN, the OSCE and the EU played a major role in these activities. The author of the article has analyzed the role of these organizations in efforts to restore peace and stabilize the political situation in the region undertaken as part of Operation Allied Force, KFOR and the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).
PL
Ogromne zmiany i ciągły rozwój zastosowań technologii i komunikacji zmieniły sposób, w jaki postrzegany jest świat. Rewolucja informacyjna miała wpływ na gromadzenie danych wywiadowczych, ich przetwarzanie, analizę i rozpowszechnianie, a także na to, w jaki sposób decydenci mogą uzyskać dostęp do rzetelnych informacji w odpowiednim czasie, a także do źródeł, na których najprawdopodobniej będą polegać, gdy konkretna informacja jest potrzebna do podjęcia decyzji. Niniejszy artykuł próbuje opisać, przeanalizować i wyjaśnić naturę trwającej rewolucji informacyjnej, przedstawić jej główny wpływ na wywiad i politykę bezpieczeństwa oraz omówić znaczenie analizy wywiadowczej w kontekście realizowania działań podczas misji pokojowych.
EN
The enormous changes and constant developments in the applications of technology and communication have changed the way the world is perceived. The information revolution has impacted intelligence gathering, processing, analysis and dissemination, as well as how decision-makers can access reliable information in a timely manner, and the sources they are likely to rely on when concrete information is needed to make decisions. This article attempts to describe, analyze and explain the nature of the ongoing information revolution, its main impact on intelligence and security policy, and the importance of intelligence analysis in the context of peacekeeping operations.
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