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1

Wpływ nauki na funkcjonowanie i rozwój systemu penitencjarnego w Polsce

100%
Szymanowski T.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2019
|
vol. 54
307-325
EN
The study is an analysis of research and teaching issues related to the penitentiary system. Reflection in this area includes various disciplines of knowledge such as law, criminology, sociology, psychiatry, psychology, pedagogy (especially social rehabilitation), medical knowledge, protection and security strategies, economics and management. The author, from the perspective of the indicated disciplines, analyzes the recent development of executive law and assesses scientific research conducted in our country.
2
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From isolation to readaptation. Convict as the subject of penitentiary policy.

88%
Goździewski L.
Journal of Modern Science
|
2020
|
issue 2/45/2020
265–278
EN
The author, based on the available literature and his own professional experience in the police service, analysed the state of the penitentiary policy applied to convicts. He took into account and characterized the background of the activities performed as part of the execution of the imprisonment sentence in the People's Republic of Poland until 1989 and the solutions applied after the systemic transformation, indicating the status of the convict within the framework of rehabilitation procedures. He presented solutions in the area of social rehabilitation of prisoners and the possibility of their return to social life. In addition, he referred to the sociological basis of social rehabilitation as part of supervised freedom.He took into account and characterized the background of the activities performed as part of the execution of the imprisonment sentence in the People's Republic of Poland until 1989 and the solutions applied after the systemic transformation, indicating the status of the convict within the framework of rehabilitation procedures. He presented solutions in the area of social rehabilitation of prisoners and the possibility of their return to social life. In addition, he referred to the sociological basis of social rehabilitation as part of supervised freedom.
3
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Izolacja spotęgowana – kilka pytań na temat oddziałów dla tzw. więźniów niebezpiecznych

65%
Lasocik Z.
Archiwum Kryminologii
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2008
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issue XXIX-XXX
703-718
4

Diagnoza penitencjarna sprawców przestępstw

63%
Friedrich W.
Resocjalizacja Polska
|
2015
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issue 9/2015
43-54
PL
Jednym z podstawowych standardów wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności jest jej indywidualizacja, czyli zróżnicowanie oddziaływań, polegające na dostosowaniu ich do osobowości skazanego oraz celów wykonania kary. Prawidłowo przeprowadzona diagnoza psychologiczna, a szczególnie diagnoza penitencjarna powinna dobrze opisywać badane zjawisko. Diagnoza penitencjarna powinna obejmować opis obrazu klinicznego osoby pozbawionej wolności oraz podstawowe wskazania resocjalizacyjne. Opracowanie powstało na podstawie literatury przedmiotu, aktów prawnych i dostępnych wyników badań. Celem tego opracowania jest ukazanie diagnozy wykonywanej na potrzeby wymiaru sprawiedliwości, która ma charakter ciągły i powinna być przeprowadzana na każdym etapie odbywania kary. Efektem prawidłowo sporządzonego orzeczenia psychologiczno-penitencjarnego powinno być umieszczenie osadzonego w odpowiednim typie, rodzaju zakładu karnego oraz właściwym systemie odbywania kary pozbawienia wolności, a następnie prawidłowe dobranie środków wychowawczych, które mogą implikować skuteczność kary pozbawienia wolności.
EN
One of the basic standards of serving the punishment of imprisonment is its individualization, which means varying interactions consisting in adjusting them to the personality of the offender and the purposes of executing the sentence. A properly served psychological diagnosis, especially the penitentiary diagnosis, should describe the studied phenomenon well. The content of the penitentiary diagnosis should include a description of the clinical picture of an imprisoned person and basic social rehabilitation indications. The paper was written on the basis of literature on the subject, legislation and available research results. The aim of this paper is to characterize the diagnosis performed for the needs of justice, which is continuous and should be performed at every stage of imprisonment. The effect of a properly formed psychological and penitentiary decision should be the placement of a prisoner in a suitable type, kind of prison and appropriate system of serving imprisonment, followed by the correct selection of educational measures which may imply the efficiency and effectiveness of the punishment of imprisonment.
5

Penitentiary Diagnosis of Crime Offenders

63%
Friedrich W.
Resocjalizacja Polska
|
2015
|
issue 9/2015
215-225
EN
One of the basic standards of serving the punishment of imprisonment is its individualization, which means varying interactions consisting in adjusting them to the personality of the offender and the purposes of executing the sentence. A properly served psychological diagnosis, especially the penitentiary diagnosis, should describe the studied phenomenon well. The content of the penitentiary diagnosis should include a description of the clinical picture of an imprisoned person and basic social rehabilitation indications. The paper was written on the basis of literature on the subject, legislation and available research results. The aim of this paper is to characterize the diagnosis performed for the needs of justice, which is continuous and should be performed at every stage of imprisonment. The effect of a properly formed psychological and penitentiary decision should be the placement of a prisoner in a suitable type, kind of prison and appropriate system of serving imprisonment, followed by the correct selection of educational measures which may imply the efficiency and effectiveness of the punishment of imprisonment.
PL
Jednym z podstawowych standardów wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności jest jej indywidualizacja, czyli zróżnicowanie oddziaływań, polegające na dostosowaniu ich do osobowości skazanego oraz celów wykonania kary. Prawidłowo przeprowadzona diagnoza psychologiczna, a szczególnie diagnoza penitencjarna powinna dobrze opisywać badane zjawisko. Diagnoza penitencjarna powinna obejmować opis obrazu klinicznego osoby pozbawionej wolności oraz podstawowe wskazania resocjalizacyjne. Opracowanie powstało na podstawie literatury przedmiotu, aktów prawnych i dostępnych wyników badań. Celem tego opracowania jest ukazanie diagnozy wykonywanej na potrzeby wymiaru sprawiedliwości, która ma charakter ciągły i powinna być przeprowadzana na każdym etapie odbywania kary. Efektem prawidłowo sporządzonego orzeczenia psychologiczno-penitencjarnego powinno być umieszczenie osadzonego w odpowiednim typie, rodzaju zakładu karnego oraz właściwym systemie odbywania kary pozbawienia wolności, a następnie prawidłowe dobranie środków wychowawczych, które mogą implikować skuteczność kary pozbawienia wolności.
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Emotional accessibility of perpetrators of domestic abuse and sense of security in the context of sexual l1ife

63%
Bartoszewski J., Kowalik K., Miastkowska B., Smagaj K.
Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne
|
2021
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vol. 7
|
issue 2
137-153
EN
The study reported in this paper deals with the issue of self-assessment of the sexual life of offenders convicted of a crime involving use of domestic violence (Polish Penal Code, §207), accounting for the role of emotional accessibility as an element of the sense of security. The study was conducted on a group of 1 The research was carried out as part of an individual inter-university project entitled “Sexuality of Prisoners”. The research was not sponsored.
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Organizacja systemu penitencjarnego w Polsce po 1989 roku

63%
Kosiacki W. S.
Studia Gdańskie
|
2018
|
issue 43
115-126
PL
Współczesny polski system penitencjarny opiera się na zasadzie humanitaryzmu, indywidualizacji, odpowiedzialności, wolnej progresji. System ten został poszerzony o społeczną samorządność, która ma wpływ na instytucje izolacji, a wykonywanie orzeczeń jest jawne i gwarantuje humanitarne traktowanie skazanych jako podmiotów określonych praw i obowiązków. W systemie penitencjarnym obowiązuje ochrona społeczeństwa i przestrzeganie bezpieczeństwa skazanych w zakładach karnych. Zważywszy na fakt, że u większości skazanych dominują deficyty psychologiczne, współczesna psychologia, także penitencjarna, stara się je zredukować lub wyeliminować poprzez programy resocjalizacyjne i readaptacyjne. Reformy więziennictwa zapoczątkowane po 1989 r. miały chronić społeczeństwo przed przestępczością, a jednocześnie zapewnić skazanym humanitarne i praworządne warunki odbywania kar. Na przemiany przemożny wpływ miał m.in. Kościół katolicki. 1 września 1987 r. Episkopat Polski ustanowił Urząd Naczelnego Kapelana Więziennictwa, a osadzonym zapewniono prawo do wykonywania praktyk religijnych. W zakładach karnych obok psychologów i pedagogów pojawili się kapelani. Duszpasterstwo więzienne realizuje ideę ewangelicznego dobra, a dojrzałość religijna współwystępuje z dojrzałą osobowością i konstruktywnymi kontaktami interpersonalnymi.
XX
The contemporary Polish penitentiary system is based on the principle of humanity, individualization, responsibility, and slow progression. This system has been extended to include social self-governance, which affects the institutions of isolation, while the enforcement of judgments is public and guarantees the humanitarian treatment of convicts as people with specific rights and obligations. In the penitentiary system, protection of the public and care for the safety of convicts in penitentiaries is obligatory. Abuse of prisoners’ rights or failure of the prison officers to perform their duties is punished. Criminal liability is imposed on an officer who physically or mentally abuses a person deprived of liberty. Recognising the fact that most convicts suffer from psychological inadequacies, modern psychology, including penitentiary psychology, strives to reduce or eliminate these through resocialisation and re-adaptation programs. The prison reforms initiated after 1989 were intended to protect society against crime, as well as to provide convicts with humanitarian and legally acceptable conditions. The Catholic Church was a powerful influence in bringing about these changes. On September 1st, 1987, the Polish Episcopate established the office of the Chief Chaplain of Prisons, and prisoners were guaranteed the right to perform religious practices. Chaplains appeared in prisons, alongside psychologists and educationists. Pastoral ministry in prisons implements the idea of the good that the Gospel brings, while religious maturity advances in co-operation with maturity of personality and constructive interpersonal contacts. Since 1989, the Polish prison service has carried out a most spectacular, thorough and exemplary reform of the Polish penitentiary system, which is still an example for many young democracies. The everyday dimension of this service is marked by the endeavour to bring spiritual and moral renewal to the individual, giving hope and a chance for him or her to redeem wrongs done and repair,faults, in accordance with the purpose and mission of the Prison Service.
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System penitencjarny w zapewnianiu bezpieczeństwa w Polsce

63%
Suduł R.
Studia i Analizy Nauk o Polityce
|
2022
|
issue 2
109-130
EN
The Prison Service is one of the notable institutions in the state’s internal security system. One of the most important tasks of this uniformed and armed formation is the isolation and resocialisation of persons sentenced by a final sentence to imprisonment. Thus, it can be said that the Prison Service is responsible for ensuring the security of society and protecting it from the negative impact of individuals who were capable of committing a criminal act, i.e. a crime. The dangers of crime significantly affect societies as a whole. This article is an attempt to analyse the pragmatic provisions concerning the system and rules of operation of one of the more important state services, responsible for the execution of punishments and punitive measures resulting in deprivation of liberty, but at the same time carrying out tasks for the benefit of state security.
PL
Służba Więzienna stanowi znaczącą instytucję w systemie bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa. Wśród najważniejszych zadań tej umundurowanej oraz uzbrojonej formacji wyróżnia się izolację oraz resocjalizację osób skazanych prawomocnym wyrokiem na karę pozbawienia wolności. Wobec powyższego Służba Więzienna odpowiada za zapewnianie bezpieczeństwa społeczeństwu oraz chroni je przed negatywnym oddziaływaniem jednostek, które były zdolne do popełnienia czynu zabronionego, czyli przestępstwa. Zagrożenia związane z przestępczością w poważny sposób wpływają na całe społeczeństwa. W artykule podjęto próbę analizy przepisów pragmatycznych dotyczących ustroju i zasad funkcjonowania jednej z bardziej istotnych służb państwowych, odpowiedzialnej za wykonanie kar i środków karnych skutkujących pozbawieniem wolności, ale jednocześnie realizującej zadania na rzecz bezpieczeństwa państwa.
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Aktywizacja zawodowa skazanych centrową dymensją urzeczywistnienia paradygmatu społeczno-personalistycznego w warunkach systemu izolacyjno-dyscyplinarnego

63%
Pierzchała K.
Edukacja Ustawiczna Dorosłych
|
2019
|
issue 3
131-145
PL
Zagadnienie aktywizacji zawodowej skazanych zostało opracowane na podstawie wnioskowania właściwego sceptycyzmu krytycznego i scjentyzmu poznawczego oraz własnych badań terenowych, przeprowadzonych w 2018 roku w zakładzie karnym w Opolu Lubelskim na grupie 56 osadzonych, przy wykorzystaniu metody sondażu diagnostycznego. Ze względu na okoliczności występowania zmiennych przedziałowych oraz korelacji liniowych można było zastosować współczynnik iloczynowej zależności Pearsona. Szkoła w badanym zakładzie karnym realizuje koncepcję pracy ukierunkowanej na rozwój słuchaczy, sprzyjającą resocjalizacji poprzez działania zgodne z przyjętą przez radę pedagogiczną własną koncepcją prac, uwzględniającą potrzeby rozwojowe uczniów, specyfikę pracy szkoły i ustalony wspólny z uczniami plan realizowania procesów edukacyjnych, promujących ich wartość dla integralnego rozwoju osobowości skazanych. W trzeciej części artykułu opisane zostało ustawiczne kształcenie skazanych, przy zachowaniu paradygmatyczności społeczno-personalistycznej. Artykuł zakończony został kilkoma regułami korygującymi dla praktyki penitencjarnej.
EN
The issue of professional of convicts was developed on the basis of inferring the relevant critical skepticism and cognitive thesis and own field research, carried out in 2018 at the prison in Opole Lubelskie, on a group of 56 prisoners, using the diagnostic survey method. Due to the circumstances of the occurrence of interval variables and linear correlations, the concept of work aimed at the development of students, conducive to resocialization through actions consistent with the own conception of work adopted by the teaching council, taking into account the students’ development needs, the specificity of the school’s work and the plan of educational processes established together with students, promoting their value to the integral personality development of convicts. The third part of the article describes the continuing education of convicts while maintaining the socio-personal paradigm. The article was ended with several corrective rules for penitentiary practice.
10
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Charakterystyka nieformalnych struktur podkultury przestępczej.

63%
Tomasz W., Hejmej A.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
|
2015
|
issue 2
79-88
EN
Prison sentence used in Polish penal system is one of the most widely criticised punishments used for criminals. The convicted are sent into prisons or detention centres, which makes them (the incarcerated) even more vulnerable to committing a crime due to their isolation and solitary confinement. In this way, a distinct subculture is created. It is conditioned by many factors which determine its size, form, norms and rules enforced by the prisoners. The phenomenon of prison subculture causes a wide range of negative consequences, e.g. self-aggression; aggression towards other inmates, prison officers, or even family; mental or physical abuse; mental or sexual disorders. Such situations have a negative influence on the process of resocialisation, because they are destructive for the personality of a prisoner, especially for a juvenile delinquent as his/her decision making possibilities related to themselves are limited. Therefore, one might venture to say that the bigger the influence of subculture norms and rules, the more disturbed the process of resocialisation.
11
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Więzienia dla nieletnich w opinii menedżerów więziennictwa

55%
Stępniak P.
Archiwum Kryminologii
|
2008
|
issue XXIX-XXX
431-443
12
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Podstawowe kierunki rozwoju systemu penitencjarnego w Polsce

55%
Szymanowski T.
Archiwum Kryminologii
|
1986
|
issue XIII
173-221
EN
 I. The paper has been based on literature, on empirical data included in studies and reports in particular. The basic factors that determine the development and the present state of the prison system in the Polish. People's Republic have been indicated. The aim has been to consider the desirable directions of further transformations of the prison system which would guarantee its development according to the principles of humanism and the rule of law. This is important also because amendments are presently discussed' i.a. of the Code of Execution of Penalties.  II. Among the important factors that have determined the hitherto development of the prison system in the Polish People's Republic, the following have been mentioned.         1.Legal provisions in force, issued by authorities of different levels, and international documents which influence them to some degree. Attention has been drawn to the incoherence of legal provisions scattered in legal acts of various importance and the society's unacquaintance with them due to their not being published. Immediate tasks the authorities impose upon the machine of execution of penalty. Such activites are aimed at correcting the prison system and frequently have harmful effects (e.g. closing of secondary schools in the early seventies). Traditions of the prison system and the hitherto existing practice, particularly the one developed after World War II when a new political system was introduced in Poland. The traditions are both good and bad. Among the favourable ones, the estimation of the importance of education in the treatment of offenders can for instance be mentioned, among the bad ones-e.g. the tendency to use disciplinary methods of treatment or a certain isolation -of the prison system from the society.             4.Experiences of other countries, scientific views and conclusions from scientific research. The above-mentioned factors are  treated in a selective way, i.e. some experiences are chosen for practical application according to the penal policy fulfilled at the moment. III. Among the factors that characterize the present state of the prison system, the following should be mentioned: During the last thirty years, the average yearly number of prisoners was about 90 thousand. The number of the imprisoned persons in Poland I very large as compared with the respective numbers in other countries (if those where such data are published are taken into account). At the same time, it should also be mentioned that the numbers of prisoners in the postwar period were by 50% larger on the average as compared with those before 1939, and that there is overpopulation in prisons as a rule, i.e. the number of inmates is larger than tire prison capacity. This situation is the result of the penal policy which is too repressive according to scientists and which leads to sentencing a considerable part of offenders to long prison terms. Among the basic categories of prisoners in the Polish People's Republic, the following should be mentioned: first offenders (over 40% of the total number of prisoners on the average); recidivists (somewhat of the total number of prisoners on the average); recidivist (somewhat less than 40% on the average); young adults aged  under 20 (the group which has recently diminished: less than 10% of the total number of prisoners); women (less than 3%). It should also be mentioned that about 27% of all persons deprived of liberty in the recent years have been those remanded in custody. As regards other categories of prisoners, we lack precise, methodical information due to the lick of properly developed penitentiary diagnostics (this concerns e.g. prisoners-alcoholics, those with mental disorders etc.). However, there are estimations of the numbers of prisoners of these categories to be found in research studies. Moreover, also the material and organizational conditions in which the prison system functions are by no means good. Only a few prisons were built after the war. Many are old buildings, and some date from as long ago as the 18th century. They need repairs and modernization. In the country's present economic situation, development of the prison building cannot possibly be postulated. Irrespective of the lack of space in prisons, there are also other difficulties in providing the proper living conditions for the inmates. As far as the adequate basis for organization of the prisoners, leisure time is concerned, the state of prison libraries, and the universal radiophonic installations are favourable in comparison with the existing difficulties (lack of rooms and proper equipment). Also the prison. staff is an important element of the penitentiary system. The level of education of the staff keeps increasing. However the proportion of prisoners per one staff member is much less favourable than in many West-European countries. The basic means of penitentiary treatment in the Polish People’s Republic are: employment, education and cultural activities. For many years now, there has been nearly full employment of prisoners in Poland universal: the index of employment amounted to over 90% in the seventies and over 80% in the eighties. Among those not working, only a slight percentage were unemployed due to a lack of work. The reasons for being out of work were most frequently the so-called justified reasons such as e.g. poor health, awaiting transfer, etc. Among the employed prisoners, a considerable part were working in the conditions of freedom, outside prisons (in some years, there were over 45% of those who worked in these conditions). At the same time, the vast majority of them were employed against payment (over 8o%), though their wages were lower as a rule than those earned by outside workers in analogous professions. The weak points of the prisoners' The weak employment were: excessive trend towards its economization (i.e. gaining profits even at the cost of the resocializing treatment), and its insufficient use for the prisoners' better professional training and social readaptation. A considerable number of prisoners learn in elementary schools and in elementary vocational schools. Besides, a small number of prisoners learn 'in -secondary vocational schools and at various courses which, however, do not secure a certificate of a qualified worker as a rule. The results of the prisoners' education are most favourable if measured both by the marks at school and by the adjustment to living in the freedom conditions after release. All the studies carried out in Poland which took this problem into account show that the higher the education the prisoners have achieved, the less frequent their relapse into crime. However, the majority of prisoners who have had no profession fail to learn one during their prison sentence. The organization of the prisoners' leisure time has many faults: aside from reading books which are easily accessible, other forms were underdeveloped during the recent dozen or more years as compared with the needs, or revealed regress as compared with the sixties. IV. In the years 1980--1981, new factors emerged which favourably influenced the development of the prison system in Poland. Among them, the most marked trend towards a prison reform should be mentioned which was initiated by independent social movements, scientific centres and the prisoners them - selves (the surge of group protests and riots which on certain days inc1uded tens of thousands of inmates). In 1981, prison reform was started, among other things through the introduction of amendments into the so-called temporary prison rules (the most repressive provisions removed, such as those concerning the so-called fasting penalty or the absolute strict regime for recidivists), and through the admission by means of a separate legal act of universal accessibility of religious practices, including the admittance of chaplains into prisons. At the same time, the functioning of two associations was legalized the activity of which was to consist in coming to the prisoners' and their families' asistance. The associations started operating in l98l; however, they were suspended after the introduction of the martial law and then dissolved. At the same time, the campaign for social aid to prisoners convicted for acts committed or noncriminal motives was organized within the framework of charitable ministry of the Catholic Church. The problem of the prison reform is still a live issue in the Polish People's Republic; moreover, the reform is indispensable. However, its continuation will depend on the future general trends of the State’s policy.  V. In the present article, postulates have also been formulated concerning the future amendments of the Code of Execution of Penalties. Here the most important of them:        1. The  prisoners  rights and duties should be defined precisely and included in a statute instead of in                    statutory  instruments, thus making their informal changes impossible. It is necessary to introduce a separate status of offenders convicted for acts committed for ideological motives. It is indispensable to define in the legal provisions the minimum and untraversable standards of the prisoners material existence, and the index of the maximum capacity of prisons. It is desirable to abandon the formal classification of prisoners and the so-called regimes of execution of penalty the aim of which is first and foremost repression. Also the expansion of resocializing measures is important, as well as increase of the educational character of such penitentiary measures as e.g. employment. In order to give deprivation of liberty a more prosocial character, it is necessary to legalize and render possible the functioning of independent associations assisting the prisoners and their families.
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Extreme criminal penalties - death penalty and life imprisonment in the Polish penal and penitentiary system

55%
Klimczak J., Niełaczna M.
Archiwum Kryminologii
|
2020
|
issue XLII/1
225-252
PL
In the article we analysed how the introduction and application of life imprisonment in the period of transformation has impacted the development of the penitentiary system to date. We answered how and why the legislature eliminated the death penalty from the catalogue of penalties in the Polish Penal Code of 1997, and replaced it with life imprisonment. We took into account the statistics on life sentences passed in Poland. We present the evolution of the prison system, which for a quarter of a century had to cope with this difcult category of prisoners by fnding new legal solutions and applying international standards. We also discussed some conclusions of the scholarly study ‘Te best of the worst and the still evil: Prisoners serving life sentences’, which has been conducted since 2014 by our research team. Te study focuses on the management and application of this extreme punishment in Poland, the adaptation of prisoners with life sentences to the isolation and social dimension of imprisonment.   W artykule przeanalizowałyśmy wpływ wprowadzenia i wykonywania kary dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności w okresie transformacji na dotychczasowy rozwój systemu penitencjarnego. Przedstawiłyśmy to, jak i dlaczego ustawodawca usunął karę śmierci z katalogu kar w polskim kodeksie karnym z 1997 r. i zastąpił ją dożywotnim więzieniem. Przedstawiłyśmy analizę statystyki orzekania kary dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności w Polsce od daty jej wprowadzenia. Zaprezentowałyśmy ewolucję systemu więziennictwa, który przez ćwierć wieku musiał poradzić sobie z tą trudną kategorią skazanych poprzez sięganie po nowe rozwiązania prawne i standardy międzynarodowe. Omówiłyśmy także niektóre wnioski z badań naukowych „Najlepsi z najgorszych i źli stale. Więźniowie dożywotni” – prowadzonych od 2014 r. przez nasz zespół badawczy. Badania koncentrują się na zarządzaniu i wykonywaniu tej ekstremalnej kary w Polsce, przystosowaniu więźniów do izolacji i społecznym wymiarze więzienia.
EN
In the article we analysed how the introduction and application of life imprisonment in the period of transformation has impacted the development of the penitentiary system to date. We answered how and why the legislature eliminated the death penalty from the catalogue of penalties in the Polish Penal Code of 1997, and replaced it with life imprisonment. We took into account the statistics on life sentences passed in Poland. We present the evolution of the prison system, which for a quarter of a century had to cope with this difcult category of prisoners by fnding new legal solutions and applying international standards. We also discussed some conclusions of the scholarly study ‘Te best of the worst and the still evil: Prisoners serving life sentences’, which has been conducted since 2014 by our research team. Te study focuses on the management and application of this extreme punishment in Poland, the adaptation of prisoners with life sentences to the isolation and social dimension of imprisonment.
14
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Rosyjski system penitencjarny w ujęciu wybranych polskich i rosyjskich opracowań

51%
Pierzchała K.
Nowa Polityka Wschodnia
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2017
|
vol. 4(15)
60-76
EN
The object of the article are aspects of penitentiary system of Russian Federation based on two pints of view: Polish and Russian. The aim is to highlight the essence, the content and range but also conditioning and tendencies for changes in the context of international ambitions and role of Russia but also widely knowing term like security of nation I case of penitentiary system of such country. Popularised and worked out in 2006 by European Prison Rules (Recommendations Rec (2006)2) the idea of normalisation, meaning minimalization some effects of imprisonment, will have a long way to find appropriate using in Russian penitentiary practice, which is directed mostly on giving a penalty for somebody. It is such seen both by the society and the government. The most accurate opinion is management policy of Federal Prison Service became as it were the model of country in which monopoly to rule belong to weight structures. In all, there is no humanisation of current justice, because the cult of prison is constantly observed and judicial reform transpired strongly illusory. The lack of control for penitentiary system by the social organisation is the effect of many omissions. In the source literature is appeared many opinions that in Russia the prison culture permeated to the every spheres of life.
RU
Темой статьи являются аспекты пенитенциарной системы Российской Феде- рации, учитывающие две точки зрения: российскую и польскую. Цель ста- тьи состоит в том, чтобы определить сущность, содержание и объем, а также условия и тенденции перемен в контексте международных амбиций и роли России, а также широкой концепции национальной безопасности в контек- сте пенитенциарной системы страны. Разработанные в 2006 году Европейские тюремные правила (Рекоменда- ция Rec (2006) 2), пропагандирующие девиз нормализации, который при- водит к минимуму действий лишения свободы, ещё долго не найдёт при- менения в российской пенитенциарной практике, которая ориентирована в первую очередь на наказание. Таким образом это воспринимается как со стороны власти, так и общества. Наиболее точным представляется мнение о том, что политика управле- ния Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний стала своего рода моделью страны, в которой монополию на управление имеют силовые структуры. В общей сложности, не существует гуманизации современного правосудия, потому что до сих пор можно наблюдать культ тюрьмы, а судебная реформа оказалась весьма иллюзорной. Отсутствие контроля пенитенциарной систе- мы со стороны общественных организаций является причиной многих упу- щений.
15
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Czy ciasna cela to brak humanitaryzmu? – uwagi na gruncie art. 3 Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka

51%
Piech K.
Przegląd Europejski
|
2021
|
vol. 1
179-190
PL
Artykuł dotyczy jednej z podstawowych zasad prawa karnego wykonawczego i jednocześnie norm zawartych w Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka – zasady humanitaryzmu. Przedmiotem badań jest zagadnienie przeludnienia w polskich zakładach karnych oraz problem ciasnych cel, w jakich przebywają osadzeni. Celem artykułu jest ocena omawianego zjawiska, wskazanie jego przyczyn oraz próba przedstawienia propozycji rozwiązań problemu. Poczynione w niniejszym artykule ustalenia mają duże znaczenie praktyczne, ponieważ przeludnienie w zakładach karnych stanowi problem, który ma znaczny wpływ na funkcjonowanie skazanych oraz proces ich resocjalizacji.
EN
The article concerns one of the basic principles of executive criminal law and, at the same time, the nominee of the European Convention on Human Rights – the principle of humanitarianism. The subject of research is the issue of overcrowding in Polish prisons and the problem of cramped cells, in which prisoners are held. The aim of the article is to evaluate this phenomenon, to indicate its causes and to propose solutions of the problem. The findings made in this article have practical significance, because overcrowding in prisons is a problem that has a significant impact on the functioning of prisoners and the process of their resocialisation.
16
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Penitentiary Systems Seen from the Historical Perspective

51%
Wala K.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
|
2015
|
vol. 24
|
issue 4
EN
The aim of the article is to present the penitentiary systems which functioned in XVIII and XIX centuries. At the beginning the author makes an attempt to define the very concept of a penitentiary system and points to the existing inconsistent classification of penitentiary systems. The next part of the article is devoted to the characterisation of individual systems. The first one to be discussed is the oldest system of shared incarceration. Then the cell system is discussed with its two variants: the Pennsylvania and the Auburn system. Next the progressive system is presented, including its English and Irish variants. As the last one the system of American reformatories is discussed. The characterisation of all the systems included their ideological grounds, their execution in practice as well as the reasons why some of them turned out to be totally erroneous.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie systemów penitencjarnych funkcjonujących na przestrzeni XVIII i XIX wieku. Na wstępie podjęto próbę zdefiniowania pojęcia „system penitencjarny” oraz wskazano na istniejącą, niejednolitą klasyfikację systemów penitencjarnych. Kolejna część opracowania została poświęcona charakterystyce poszczególnych systemów. Jako pierwszy omówiono najstarszy system wspólnego odbywania kary. Jako drugi przedstawiono system celkowy wraz ze wskazaniem na dwie jego odmiany – pensylwańską oraz auburnską. Następnie dokonano charakterystyki systemu progresywnego z wyróżnieniem odmiany angielskiej oraz irlandzkiej. Na zakończenie pokrótce opisano system reformatoriów amerykańskich. Charakteryzując poszczególne systemy, wskazano zarówno na ich podwaliny ideologiczne, ich faktyczną realizację, jak i przyczyny, dla których niektóre z nich okazały się zupełnie chybione. 
17
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Duszpasterstwo w systemie penitencjarnym Federacji Rosyjskiej

51%
Matwiejuk J.
Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego
|
2019
|
vol. 22
153-171
EN
The main purpose of this article is to present the constitutional, statutory and substatutory conditions of the functioning of prison chaplaincy in the Russian Federation. The study also discusses the practice of the functioning of prison chaplaincy currently being reborn in Russia, identifies the main problems and describes the growing role of religious organizations in this respect. At the same time, a general characterization of the Russian penitentiary system is made against this background, indicating its key elements, including the central management body – the Federal Service for the Enforcement of Judgments of Russia. Additionally, the article points out the imperfections of the applicable legal regulations and the practice of state organs related to the functioning of prison chaplaincy in the Russian Federation. The study concludes by presenting the prospects for further evolution of the legal position of prison chaplaincy in Russia, underlining that it is necessary to reform the Russian system of prison chaplaincy in order to effectively guarantee freedom of conscience and religion to persons deprived of liberty.
PL
Zasadniczym celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie konstytucyjnych, ustawowych oraz podustawowych uwarunkowań normatywnych funkcjonowania duszpasterstwa więziennego w Federacji Rosyjskiej. Przedmiotem opracowania jest także przybliżenie praktyki funkcjonowania odradzającego się w Rosji duszpasterstwa więziennego, wraz z występującymi problemami, oraz rosnącej roli związków wyznaniowych w tym zakresie. Jednocześnie na tym tle dokonano ogólnej charakterystyki rosyjskiego systemu penitencjarnego wskazując na jego kluczowe elementy, w tym centralny organ zarządzający – Federalną Służbę Wykonywania Wyroków Rosji. Celem artykułu jest również wskazanie niedoskonałości obowiązujących przepisów prawnych i praktyki organów państwowych związanych z funkcjonowaniem duszpasterstwa więziennego w Federacji Rosyjskiej. W konkluzji rozważań przedstawiono perspektywę dalszej ewolucji pozycji prawnej duszpasterstwa więziennego w Rosji. Rezultatem przeprowadzonych badań jest zasadniczy wniosek o potrzebie reformy rosyjskiego systemu funkcjonowania duszpasterstwa więziennego w celu skutecznego zagwarantowania wolności sumienia i wyznania osobom pozbawionym wolności.
18

Czy ciasna cela to brak humanitaryzmu? – uwagi na gruncie art. 3 Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka

51%
Piech K.
Przegląd Europejski
|
2021
|
issue 1(59)
179-190
PL
Artykuł dotyczy jednej z podstawowych zasad prawa karnego wykonawczego i jednocześnie norm zawartych w Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka – zasady humanitaryzmu. Przedmiotem badań jest zagadnienie przeludnienia w polskich zakładach karnych oraz problem ciasnych cel, w jakich przebywają osadzeni. Celem artykułu jest ocena omawianego zjawiska, wskazanie jego przyczyn oraz próba przedstawienia propozycji rozwiązań problemu. Poczynione w niniejszym artykule ustalenia mają duże znaczenie praktyczne, ponieważ przeludnienie w zakładach karnych stanowi problem, który ma znaczny wpływ na funkcjonowanie skazanych oraz proces ich resocjalizacji.
EN
The article concerns one of the basic principles of executive criminal law and, at the same time, the nominee of the European Convention on Human Rights – the principle of humanitarianism. The subject of research is the issue of overcrowding in Polish prisons and the problem of cramped cells, in which prisoners are held. The aim of the article is to evaluate this phenomenon, to indicate its causes and to propose solutions of the problem. The findings made in this article have practical significance, because overcrowding in prisons is a problem that has a significant impact on the functioning of prisoners and the process of their resocialisation.
19
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Terapeutyczny wymiar wolontariatu hospicyjnego osób pozbawionych wolności

51%
Witkowski R.
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
|
2018
|
issue 4
121-138
EN
The author of the publication has been working in the Prison Service for over 20 years. Among his academic interests and professional experiences, a special place is occupied by those connected with issue of hospice voluntary service of persons deprived of their liberty. The subject of the article is to present therapeutic dimension of process consisting of preparing and directing prisoners to help the terminally ill pass away in a dignified manner. Hospice, contact with terminally ill people has an indubitable therapeutic aspect and transforms thinking, behavior and allows to verify the hierarchy of personal values of prisoners. The hospice voluntary service is in itself a therapy, which is a powerful and transforma ve experience for the prisoners.
PL
Autor publikacji od ponad dwudziestu lat pracuje w Służbie Więziennej. Wśród jego zainteresowań naukowych oraz doświadczeń zawodowych szczególne miejsce zajmują te, które związane są z zagadnienie wolontariatu hospicyjnego osób pozbawionych wolności. Tematem artykułu jest ukazanie terapeutycznego wymiaru procesu, polegającego na przygotowaniu i kierowaniu więźniów do pomagania osobom termalnie chorym, będącym pod opieką hospicjów. Hospicjum, praca z osobami termalnie chorymi ma niewątpliwy aspekt terapeutyczny, który zmienia myślenie, zachowania i pozwala zweryfikować hierarchię wartości osobistych skazanych. Wolontariat hospicyjny jest sam w sobie terapią, która jest mocnym i zmieniającym doświadczeniem dla więźniów.
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