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EN
Fiction encourages the development of a personality if children have grasped the author's idea and the value system on the level of personal meaning. The article presents a theoretical model for encouraging the development of personal meaning related to fiction at preschool age. It is based on conclusions from the areas of phenomenology, hermeneutics, social genetics, social constructivism and art pedagogy as well as studies in cognitive psychology - research in the "theories of mind" about understanding other individuals' mental states at preschool age. The structure of the model is composed of successive stages requiring an interactive introduction of a piece of fiction in a situation topical for children, with the participation of their peers and the teacher. In discussion after the perception of a piece of fiction various experiences meet, associations form, analogies in one's own experiences and those of others are discovered. The processing of the perceived data continues in productive children's activities and they become personified in narrative interconnections: in children's stories about a piece of fiction.The aim of the study is to create a theoretic model for the development of personal meaning in the perception of a fairy tale and prove its productivity by revealing the manifestation of the criteria related to personal meaning in children's stories determining their levels. The study described in the article has been carried out in two stages: the aim of Stage 1 is to create a model for the development of personal meanings in perceiving fairy tales; the aim of Stage 2 is to investigate the productivity of the model for the development of personal meanings and work out criteria for the manifestation of personal meanings in children's stories generalizing them in levels of personal meaning development.Materials and methods include content analysis of stories narrated by children aged 5-6. After analysing the acquired data it is possible to single out several criteria and indicators for the manifestation of personal meaning as well as the levels of personal meaning in perceiving fairy tales. When summarizing the results, it can be concluded that the involvement of a fairy tale into a context topical for children, its interactive perception and social interaction with peers and an adult in a discussion, as well as the portrayal of the perceived information in a productive activity, encourages the development of personal meaning. This proves that fiction may encourage self-regulation of senior preschool children in their relationships with peers that are based on the intentions, experience and understanding of the situation as well as empathy of the other peers.
EN
The objectives of this study were to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health and to examine the potential relationship of spiritual intelligence and demographic variables. The research sample consisted of 223 respondents (33 % male and 67 % female, mean age 34.46 years). The tools used included The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory and The Mental Health Continuum Scale – Short Form. Basic demographic data including religious belief and regularity of spiritual practice were also administered. The results have shown a statistically significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and mental health. Regression analysis revealed that, out of four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, the personal meaning production was the strongest predictor of mental health. The level of spiritual intelligence is also significantly related to religious belief and higher frequency of spiritual practice.
CS
Cílem studie bylo odhalit souvislosti mezi spirituální inteligencí a duševním zdravím a ověřit vztah spirituální inteligence k demografickým proměnným. Výzkumný soubor se skládal z 223 respondentů (33 % mužů a 67 % žen) s průměrným věkem 34,46 let. Pro sběr dat byly použity dotazníkové metody Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory a Mental Health Continuum Scale – Short Form. Korelační analýza odhalila statisticky významné vztahy mezi všemi zkoumanými proměnnými. Pomocí regresní analýzy bylo zjištěno, že ze čtyř dimenzí spirituální inteligence je nejsilnějším prediktorem duševního zdraví dimenze Nalézání osobního smyslu. S mírou spirituální inteligence statisticky významně souvisí také náboženské vyznání a vyšší frekvence duchovní praxe.
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