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PERSONAL NETWORKS ON THE LABOUR MARKET: WHO FINDS A JOB IN THE CREATIVE SECTOR IN POZNAŃ?

100%
Męczyński M.
Quaestiones Geographicae
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2016
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vol. 35
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issue 4
133-143
EN
The spread of urban policies based on a set of standardised ‘creative city’ strategies has been criticised on a number of counts. In Scott’s (2006: 11) view, focusing just on “creating a high-quality urban environment, rich in cultural amenities and conducive to diversity in local social life” is too limited. He points out that the relationship between the presence of creative people and the development of a city is far more complex. The research undertaken as part of the European ACRE project (Accommodating Creative Knowledge: Competitiveness of Metropolitan Regions within the Enlarged Union) has revealed that access to a diversity of creative-labour-market opportunities is vital to both attract and retain talent in the longer term. Accessible and inclusive networks of creative workers are also vital, but their importance is often overlooked. The functionality of such networks has a huge impact on the possibility of finding a new job, and can be particularly important for lowering entry barriers for newcomers in creative occupations. Here, these issues are explored on the basis of a research conducted among managers of creative firms and international creative-class migrants in Poznań (Poland). This city has recently experienced major economic restructuring and a shift from the manufacturing industry towards a more creative and knowledge-based one.
2
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Composite Structure of Personal Networks, Age, and Well-being in Poland

88%
Nowak K., Duda T.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2010
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vol. 41
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issue 4
182-189
EN
Traditionally aging research focused on the disintegration of social ties, however it has recently been observed that whom we contact has a larger impact on well-being (Cacioppo et al., 2009). The authors used data from the Social Networks II module of the International Social Survey Programme to investigate the role of social network components in successful aging. A factor analysis on 1221 Polish participants revealed 4 factors that were interpreted as: close, medium, and distant family, and friends. Well-being variables were most strongly related to contact with distant family, while SS variables were most strongly related to friends. Given SS was strongly related to distant family, while perceived SS was strongly related to close family. All family contacts decreased with age, though only distant family contacts were proactively managed. These results indicate the importance of distant family in Poland, in contrast to other countries.
3

Personal Network Analysis and Health among Latinas

88%
Frank L. B., Murphy S. T., Ball-Rokeach S.
International Review of Social Research
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 4
172-181
EN
Interpersonal contacts play important roles in women’s health decisions. By using personal network analysis with a focus on specific role relationships, we can better examine interpersonal influences on health decision-making. Data were collected through face-to-face surveys of Hispanic women (N = 1632). Using an ego network name generator and name interpreters, participants detailed their personal networks for discussion about women’s health issues. Participants reported a mean of 1.99 (SD = 1.33) social network contacts with whom they discuss women’s health issues, of whom the most commonly reported contacts were female friends, sisters, mothers, and husbands, boyfriends, or partners. Many of the contacts nominated were family members, yielding a high personal network density (M = 0.84, SD = 0.32). Controlling for participant demographics and other forms of social influence, role relations’ encouragement to get a Pap test and personal network exposure to Pap test discussions were associated with Pap test status. Personal network analysis should leverage information on specific role relations. Given the importance of personal network contacts for women’s health status, health educators and medical professionals must account for women’s personal social networks in developing health interventions.
4

Diffusion of Islam in the United States: Comparative Personal Conversion Social Networks

75%
Erin Ş.
International Review of Social Research
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 4
221-232
EN
Conversion is one of the ways in which religion diffuses in society. Different than other diffusions, such as adopting a new technology or a fad, religious adoption can be riskier since it entails a life changing transition thereby making it a complex contagion. This study investigates whether Islam diffuses through weak ties or strong ties. By comparing conversion cases in Michigan, where there is a larger Muslim community, and Kentucky, where there is a less tangible Muslim community, I argue Islam is more likely to diffuse through what I call recessive or dominant weak ties in Michigan, whereas it is more likely to diffuse through strong ties in Kentucky. I collected personal social networks of 18 individuals who converted to Islam living in Michigan and 12 living in Kentucky. I found the research participants through mosques located in several cities in Michigan, including Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Flint, Detroit, Dearborn, and Canton, and two cities in Kentucky: Lexington and Louisville. Having investigated a set of egocentric conversion networks from both Michigan and Kentucky, I found that the existence of a Muslim community and how it is perceived by mainstream society is an ultimate factor in determining the strength of a tie to other Muslims. Thus, Islam is more likely to diffuse through weak ties where there is a Muslim community, but it is more likely to diffuse through strong ties where there is no such community.
5
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Formování komunit, nebo sociální integrace? Analýza personálních sítí ukrajinských imigrantů v Plzni

63%
Vašát P., Bernard J.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2015
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vol. 51
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issue 2
199-226
EN
The aim of this article is to describe the personal networks of Ukrainian immigrants residing in an urban centre in the Czech Republic and to identify patterns that can help to elucidate some aspects of their integration. Social support networks in this study were created using the multiple name generator method. Here the generator was made up of six questions asking whom respondents might turn to for money, employment, housing, leisure, to discuss intimate things, or might simply be important to the respondent in some other way. Data-collecting was conducted in Pilsen, an industrial city with a large number of immigrants, and data were obtained from 30 Ukrainians. The networks were measured using structural measures (density, degree centrality and betweenness centrality) as well as common egocentric ones (multiplexity, frequency etc.). The analysis revealed that networks of Ukrainians are not very dense and consist mainly of friends. Friends are important in matters concerning housing, employment, and leisure. By contrast, family is important in more extraordinary situations – for instance, in a financial emergency or to discuss crucial issues. There is also a significant difference between the networks of manual and non-manual workers: manual workers are likely to associate with peers also working in manual labour and their networks are denser than the networks of non-manual workers. In Pilsen, Ukrainians do not form locality-based ethnic communities, and in a long-term perspective their personal networks indicate gradual social integration to the Czech society.
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