Search results - CEJSH

1

Lack of evidence for the assessment of personality traits using handwriting analysis

100%

Gawda B.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2014

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vol. 45

|

issue 1

73-79

EN

Background: The aim of the study is to clarify the beliefs and numerous doubts about the possible identification of personality in handwriting. The purpose of the described studies was to show an association between personality traits and handwriting features. The author aimed to verify whether or not there are any specific characteristics of writing in relation to personality traits. | Method: Two different studies have been described. A different number of subjects participated in the investigations and different techniques for personality assessment were used; however, the same set of handwriting features was analyzed in each study. In the first study the NEO-FFI (n=260) was used, while the EPQ-R (n=180) was used in the second study. The graphic characteristics of the handwriting samples were examined by forensic experts. | Results: The correlations between the personality traits and handwriting features were counted. The results showed that there were few significant correlations between handwriting parameters and personality traits, as measured by the NEO-FFI and EPQ-R. | Conclusions: No writing characteristics were specific to personality traits. There is no evidence for assessment of personality on the base of handwriting.

2

Osobowość a centralność wybranych aspektów religijności

100%

Szymańska J. M.

Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka

|

2015

|

vol. 31

55-68

PL

Badanie miało na celu analizę relacji między cechami osobowości ujętymi w Piecioczynnikowym Modelu Osobowości a centralnością religijności z włączeniem centralności jej aspektów, wyróżnionych w wielowymiarowej teorii religijności S. Hubera. Szczególnie zwrócono uwagę na sprawdzenie wartości zmiennych osobowościowych w przewidywaniu wariancji poziomu centralności religijności w życiu jednostki. W badaniu uczestniczyły 282 osoby (180 kobiet i 102 mężczyzn) w wieku od 17 do 28, będących studentami warszawskich uczelni. Do pomiaru zmiennych użyto Inwentarza Osobowości NEO-FFI oraz Skali Centralności Religijności S. Hubera. Wyniki badania ukazują istotną wartość predykcyjną niektórych cech osobowości wobec zmienności poziomu centralności religijności i centralności jej aspektów. Poziom ugodowości tłumaczy od około 3 do ponad 8% wariancji każdej z mierzonych zmiennych religijności. Otwartość na doświadczenie wiąże się dodatnio z zainteresowaniem problematyką religijną (wyjaśniając 7,3% wariancji tej zmiennej) oraz ujemnie z wymiarami przekonań religijnych i kultu (tłumacząc po 1,7% wariancji każdej ze zmiennych). Neurotyczność oraz ekstrawersja wykazują pozytywną relację z poziomem doświadczenia religijnego, wyjaśniając po około 2% wariancji tej zmiennej. Nie zaobserwowano żadnego związku sumienności z centralnością religijności i centralnością aspektów religijności.

EN

The research aimed at examining relation between the Five-Factor Model personality traits and the centrality of religiosity, including religiosity dimensions, distinguished in the S. Huber’s multidimensional theory of religiosity. Special attention was paid to verifying the personality traits value in predicting variance of the level of centrality of religiosity in an individual’s life. The research analysis was based on the results of 282 individuals (180 women and 102 men) aged from 17 to 28 years, being Warsaw universities students. The variables measurement was made by The NEO Five-Factor Inventory and The S. Huber’s Centrality of Religiosity Scale. The research results showed personality traits’ predicting value towards variance of the centrality of religiosity and the centrality of its dimensions levels. Agreeableness explains from about 3 to approximately 8% of variance of each religiosity variable. Openness to experience is positively linked to interest in religious questions (explaining 7,3% of variance of this variable) and negatively to religious beliefs and public practice dimensions (explaining 1,7% of variance for each one). Neuroticism and extraversion are positively connected with religious experience, explaining each of them nearly 2% of variance of this religious dimension. There was observed no relation between conscientiousness and centrality of religiosity nor centrality of its dimensions.

3

przegląd metaanaliz dotyczących związku cech osobowości i przedsiębiorczości. W stronę modelu badań

100%

Kurczak M., Kaczmarek-Kurczak P.

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

|

2012

|

vol. 20

|

issue 1(114)

49-63

EN

The aim of the paper is to analyze the recent meta-analytic studies on the relationships between entrepreneurship and the personality of entrepreneurs, which are promising. The Big Five traits (positive relationships to conscientiousness, openness to experience, and extraversion, as well as negative relationships to agreeableness and neuroticism), the need for achievement, risk propensity and generalized self-efficacy are taken into consideration. The findings show that there are systematic, statistically significant as well as moderate to weak relationships between personality traits and entrepreneurial intention as well as entrepreneurial performance. Taking into account the conclusion based on these analyses, a holistic scheme for further research was proposed. This model includes moderators and mediators, which are supposed to explain the value of personality traits. The main limitation of the conducted research in this field is the small amount of longitudinal research. Thus, it is strongly advised to apply a prospective design in further research. It is worth emphasizing that such findings are useful for the selection process regarding public support for those starting up a new venture.

4

Stereotyp tvárovej atraktivity u slovenskej adolescentnej populácie

100%

Žitniaková Gurgová B., Ďuricová L.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2020

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vol. 64

|

issue 1

118-128

EN

The research objective was to confirm the validity of the facial attractiveness stereotyping theory in the Slovak adolescent population. The survey sample consisted of 269 university students. Their average age was 19.75 years (SD = .82). The role of these participants was to assess the attractiveness and selected personality traits of presented photographs of female and male faces through a semantic differential method. The differences in average values of individual perceived personality traits in terms of attractiveness were proven as significant in both male and female faces in favour of attractive individuals. The consequent analysis also confirmed a moderate positive relation between attractiveness and adaptability, interestingness, intelligence, friendliness, and popularity in the most attractive female face. For the most attractive male face was discovered a moderate significant relation between attractiveness and interestingness, friendliness, successfulness, and popularity. The findings correspond with the results of similar research worldwide, thus confirming the validity of this stereotype theory.

SK

Cieľom výskumnej štúdie bolo overiť platnosť stereotypu tvárovej atraktivity u slovenských adolescentov. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 269 vysokoškolských študentov rôznych fakúlt Univerzity Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici s priemerným vekom 19,75 (SD = 0,82). Úlohou participantov bolo posúdiť prostredníctvom metódy sémantického diferenciálu atraktivitu a zároveň vybrané osobnostné vlastnosti prezentovaných fotografií ženských a mužských tvárí. Na základe priemerných hodnôt boli vyselektované najviac a najmenej atraktívne ženské a mužské tváre. Rozdiely v priemerných hodnotách vo vnímaných osobnostných vlastnostiach v závislosti od atraktivity pri mužskej aj ženskej tvári sa potvrdili ako signifikantné v prospech atraktívnych jedincov. Následná korelačná analýza tiež potvrdila významné pozitívne stredne silné vzťahy medzi atraktivitou a prispôsobivosťou, zaujímavosťou, inteligenciou, priateľskosťou a obľúbenosťou pri najviac atraktívnej ženskej tvári. Pri mužskej najviac atraktívnej tvári sa ukázali signifikantné stredne silné vzťahy medzi atraktivitou a zaujímavosťou, priateľskosťou, tiež úspešnosťou a obľúbenosťou. Naše zistenia korešpondujú s výsledkami obdobných výskumov po celom svete a potvrdzujú platnosť tohto stereotypu aj v našej populácii.

5

PERSONALITY TRAITS IN THE MATE CHOICE: HOMOGAMY AND/OR SEXUAL IMPRINTING

100%

Gyuris P., Bereczkei T., Járai R.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2010

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vol. 65

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issue 1

117-132

EN

We have made an attempt at demonstrating the effect of sexual imprinting mechanism on human mate choice. In our former studies, we had focused on facial similarities between couples, now we wondered if homogamy is represented in personality characters, as well. Two hundred ninety six participants (49 couples and their parents) filled in the Caprara’s BIG FIVE Questionnaire. The couples were also asked to complete the s-EMBU retrospective attachment test (including Emotional warmth, Rejection, Overprotection scales). Significant resemblances were found between the males’ wife and mother in Social Desirability and Conscientiousness traits of the BFQ. Our results on the effects of maternal rearing behavior style on their son’s mating revealed controversial patterns. Scores on Rejection scale of s-EMBU were associated with Emotional Lability, and Emotional Warmth with Agreeableness trait, which supports our expectation. However, another analysis of maternal rearing has shown that those men who developed an unfavorable attachment with their mother during childhood would be attracted to women who are similar to her in Emotional Lability and Social Desirability traits, which seems to contradict our hypothesis. As for women’s mate choice, only one tendency has been revealed for supporting the sexual imprinting hypothesis: those women who had experienced high Emotional Warmth from their father during childhood chose men who resembled their father in Conscientiousness factor of the BFQ.

6

The Examination of the Factors Determining Career Engagement for Students Preparing for a Social Job

100%

Juhász-Klér A., Varga E.

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 4

363-374

EN

The higher education courses for social experts started more than 25 years ago in Hungary. Since then more than 20 thousand students have earned a degree in social areas. Some of them quit their original jobs whereas a lot of these specialists still provide support as human assistants and regard their profession a career. Due to the huge amount of experience accumulated in both education and practice since then, in our empirical research an answer was sought to the question which personal and professional competencies determine the long-term engagement to a career and how the competency experience of the students correlates with their further career aspirations. In the research nearly 500 responses from students from 8 different Hungarian higher education institutions were analysed by applying questionnaires and tests accepted in international practice together with our own measures. Data were collected about the students’ career decision self-efficiency experiences, their personality traits and also about the question how they see their future profession. Based on our results the students who had a definite idea of their future professional career even during their studies and were determined with improved professional and personal competencies during the training made up a distinct group and were more dedicated to their career. On the basis of our analyses it was empirically proved that the training types which provide opportunities for the conscious monitoring of personal and professional competencies by encouraging the student with their career adjustment are of great significance.

7

Forschungsbericht zum Profil eines „guten“ Fremdsprachenlehrers an der Hochschule

100%

Mihułka K., Chojnacka-Gärtner J.

Glottodidactica

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2019

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vol. 46

|

issue 1

89-108

DE

The aim of this article is to present the profile of a ‘good’ foreign language teacher,which has been created on the basis of the comments made by about 230 students of modern languages at Polish institutions of higher education (colleges and universities) in two voivodeships of Poland, namely Podkarpackie Voivodeship and Wielkopolska Voivodeship. In this image, teacher personality traits, the majority of which are regarded as values not only in professional life (e.g. in the teaching profession), but also in personal life, have ranked the highest. Personality traits have overshadowed the other two groups of qualities, which foreign language teachers are also equipped with, i.e. didactic and glottodidactic ones. This study is part of a larger research project covering all types of schools in Poland (from primary schools, through middle and secondary schools, to colleges and universities)

8

How Faculty Members’ Personality traits Influence their Education-Research Performance

100%

Zamani A., Pouratashi M.

The New Educational Review

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2017

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vol. 50

70-82

EN

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and education-research performance of faculty members. A survey was conducted among 321 faculty members in Tehran University, Iran. The research instrument included: personal and professional features, items related to personality traits, and items related to self-evaluation of education and research performance. Reliability and validity of the instrument were determined through opinions of faculty members and application of Cronbach’s Alpha, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS/Windows. Findings showed that neuroticism had a negative and significant effect on education and research performance. Openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had positive and significant effects on research performance. Extraversion and agreeableness had positive and significant effects on education performance. Finally, results showed that agreeableness had the most effect on educational performance and neuroticism had the most effect on research performance.

9

Some People Probably Need to Make More Sense: An Exploratory Study on Individual Differences and the Need for Sense-Making

100%

Cantarero K., van Tilburg W. A. P., Kuźma B., Gąsiorowska A., Wojciszke B.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2019

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vol. 50

|

issue 2

10

Osobnosť, depresivita a problematické používanie internetu

100%

Kopuničová V., Baumgartner F.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2016

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vol. 7

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issue 1

81-92

EN

Problematic internet use (PIU) is considered as a relatively new area of risk taking behaviour, which deals with uncontrolled use of the Internet with negative outcomes (impact) on individuals (Caplan, 2010). This paper focuses on relationship between personality factors, depression and problematic internet use among students of secondary schools and universities in Ostrava region. The aim of the paper was to determine whether personality factors and depression predict problematic internet use among young students. Studies dealing with problematic internet use (Caplan, 2010; Young 1998; Davis, 2001 etc.) show that personality is one of the factor which may be associated with internet addiction or other forms of risk behaviour (Kolibáš, Novotný, 1996; Kopasová, 2000; Hemochová, Vaňková & Drlíková in Výrost & Slameník, 2001). Personality was measured by the questionnaire HEXACO (Ashton & Lee, 2009), depression was measured by a modified version of Beck Depression Inventory (M-BDI; Schmitt, Beckmann, Dusi, Maes, Schiller &Schonauer, 2003), the problematic internet use was measured by Generalized problematic internet use scale (GPIUS2; Caplan, 2010). The research sample consisted of 279 students of secondary schools and universities in Ostrava region. There were 200 (71.7%) high school students while the number of the university students was 79 (28.3%). The mean age of the sample was M = 18,5 years, SD = 2,73 and 79,9% were women. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients showed a positive relationship between depression, emotionality and PIU. Between the personality factors honesty-humility, extroversion and conscientiousness was a negative relationship with the PIU. Results of the regression analysis showed four factors - conscientiousness, depression, honesty-humility and emotions that explain 26% of the variance of the Problematic internet use among our research sample. The results confirm the importance of examining personality factors and depression in relation to the PIU. It can be said, that these findings confirm the importance of examining the modern global social issue - problematic Internet use among students at secondary school and universities. It is also important to pay attention to the occurrence of depressive symptoms in adulthood. Results can be used as a basis for development of preventive programs, education programs or trainings programs, which could help to raise awareness in the field of information technologies and their negative impact on the mental life. This study has several limits. There is unequal representation of men and women as well as greater representation of secondary

11

Personality traits and locus of control in situations of successes and failures among first grade junior high school students

100%

Filipiak S., Łubianka B.

Psychologia Wychowawcza

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2019

|

vol. 57(15)

38-62

EN

The situation of the change of education stage is an important moment in life of school children. Finishing elementary school education and transition into the first grade of junior high school is parallel to developmental psychophysiological changes which occur in the early adolescence. The need of acceptance of these changes and the necessity of adaptation to new environment and school demands, may be interpreted by students as a developmental chance or a risk. The article presents the results of research conducted on 560 students from first grades of junior high schools in the school year 2016/2017. The analysis pertained to estimate connections between personality traits in Big Five Model measured with Obrazkowy Pomiar Cech Osobowości Dzieci OPCO-D (Maćkiewicz, Cieciuch, 2012), and locus of control in the situations of successes and failures measured with Kwestionariusz do Badania Poczucia Kontroli KBPK (Krasowicz, Kurzyp-Wojarska, 1990). Boys are more extravert, eager to engage and experience more positive emotions in social interactions than girls. Girls, in turn, scored higher in features linked with anxiety than boys. In terms of locus of control, results indicate it is not formed yet, both in the situations of successes and failures. There is no difference between boys and girls in the way how they explain causes of events which they experience. The strongest correlations between personality traits and locus of control were reported in links between locus of control and consciousness, openness to experience and agreeableness. Moreover, the results revealed interaction effect between gender and openness to experience, only in the situations of successes.

12

Cechy osobowości 10-, 13-letnich dzieci z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną

100%

Kostrzewski J., Zasępa E.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

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2006

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vol. 9

|

issue 1

107-120

PL

Celem badań było określenie, czy występują istotne różnice i jakiego są one rodzaju między dziećmi z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną a ich rówieśnikami o prawidłowym rozwoju pod względem nasilenia cech osobowości. Zbadano 279 dzieci w wieku 10-13 lat: 92 dziewczynki z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną i 87 ich rówieśniczek o prawidłowym rozwoju oraz 50 chłopców z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną i 50 chłopców o prawidłowym rozwoju. Do badań zastosowano 14-czynnikowy Kwestionariusz Osobowości R. B. Portera i R. B. Cattella. Wyniki badań ujawniły, iż dzieci niepełnosprawne intelektualnie charakteryzuje mniejszy poziom integracji osobowości, bardziej obniżone samopoczucie, mniejsze poczucie przystosowania do rzeczywistości, mniejsza dojrzałość emocjonalna oraz większa wrażliwość, poszanowanie zasad moralnych i innych ludzi.

EN

The present study examined differences between the mild mental retarded children and their normally developing peers in regard personality traits measured by Children's Personality Questionaire (the CPQ) designed by Porter and Cattell. The research was carried out on the group of 279 children aged 10-, 13-year old involving 92 mild mental retarded girls, 87 normally developing girls, 50 mild mental retarded boys, 50 typically developing boys. The results of this study revealed out, that mild mental retarded children characterize lower level of personality integration, more depressed, lower sense of adjustment to environment and emotional maturity, more simple-mindedness, sensibility, respect the moral norms and other people.

13

Rola cech osobowości w zachowaniach organizacyjnych

100%

Rostowski J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2001

|

vol. 05

14

Osobowość młodzieży chorej na cukrzycę

100%

Szymańska S.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

|

vol. 04

15

Personality of Men and Women – Similarities and Differences. Temporal and Cultural Trends

100%

Mandal E.

The New Educational Review

|

2006

|

vol. 8

195-209

EN

The article discusses similarities and differences in the personality development of men and women in their life-span. The analyses of the developmental psychology research show that boys and girls develop their own personality from the early years of their life, thus adapting themselves to the gender stereotypes. The article also contains a survey of meta-analyses concerning the personality traits of men and women, conducted in different countries from 1958 to 2001 (Maccoby, Jacklin, 1974, Hall, 1984, Feingold, 1994, Costa, Terraciano, McCrae, 2001). The metaanalyses show a coherent image of gender differences in personality traits concerning greater tender-mindedness in women and greater assertiveness in men. At the same time, they indicate temporal changes and trends connected with a tendency for differences to disappear. They also emphasize cultural distinctness.

16

A New Runway for Journalists: On the Intentions of Journalists to Start Social Enterprises

88%

Liu H.-C., Yin Ip C., Liang C.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

|

2018

|

vol. 14

|

issue 2

83-100

EN

Journalists have been facing a variety of challenges and are even being laid off in the face of changing media ecosystems in the age of digital convergence. Sharing similar characteristics with entrepreneurs, numerous journalists have worked together to develop social enterprises, attaining social change through business approaches. The present study explores the intentions of former and current journalists to establish social enterprises, using questionnaires focused on personality traits, creativity, and social capital. Results reveal that creativity was found to have a significant influence on the social entrepreneurial intentions of journalists, as does having higher bridging-type social capital.

17

Osobowość a style radzenia sobie ze stresem menedżerów ochrony osób i mienia

88%

Olszewska S., Spryszyńska M.

Opuscula Sociologica

|

2013

|

issue 3(5)

63-72

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie związku między osobowością a stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem wśród kadry zarządzającej – menedżerów – ochrony osób i mienia. Badaniami objęto 60 menedżerów z różnych miast Polski z jednej firmy ochroniarskiej. Do pomiaru cech osobowości użyto Inwentarza Osobowości NEO-FFI Costy i McCrae w polskiej adaptacji Zawadzkiego, Strelaua, Szczepaniak i Śliwińskej, natomiast style radzenia sobie ze stresem badano Kwestionariuszem CISS autorstwa N.S. Endlera i J.D.A. Parkera. Analizując związek między cechami osobowości a strategiami radzenia sobie w sytuacjach stresowych badanych menedżerów, otrzymano dodatnią korelację między ugodowością a stylem skoncentrowanym na zadaniu, zaś ujemną między ugodowością a stylem skoncentrowanym na emocjach. Poza tym, otwartość na doświadczenia oraz sumienność badanych menedżerów ujemnie koreluje ze stylem skoncentrowanym na emocjach oraz ze stylem unikowym.

EN

The aim of this study was to present the relationship between personality and styles of coping with stress among managers working in the security service protecting people and property. Sixty managers working for a security company in different cities in Poland were surveyed for the study. Personality traits were measured by means of the Personality Inventory NEO-FFI by Costa and McCrae (Polish version by Zawadzki, Strelau, Szczepaniak and Sliwinska), whereas styles of coping with stress were measured using the CISS Questionnaire by N.S. Endler and J.D.A. Parker. The analysis of the relationship between the personality traits of the surveyed managers and their coping strategies in stressful situations yielded a positive correlation between Agreeableness and Task-focused Coping Style, and a negative correlation between Agreeableness and Emotion-focused Coping Style. In addition, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness of the managers correlated negatively with Emotion-focused Coping Style and Escape-Avoidance Coping Style.

18

Developing a Social Enterprise Performance Scale and Examining the Relationship Between Entrepreneurs’ Personality Traits and Their Perceived Enterprise Performance

88%

Liang C.-T., Peng L.-P., Yao S.-N., Liang C.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

|

2015

|

vol. 11

|

issue 3

89-116

EN

On the basis of the lack of measurement tools and the research gap regarding social entrepreneurship, three studies were conducted to develop a new measure of social enterprise (SE) performance that is empirically valid and easy to administer. The purpose of this measure was to examine the relationship between entrepreneurs’ personality traits and their perceived SE performance. The results indicated that SE performance can be assessed using four dimensions: personal issues, social aspects, business elements, and service programmes. Extraversion positively influenced service programmes, and openness negatively affected service programmes. Neuroticism and conscientiousness positively predicted personal issues and service programmes, and agreeableness positively predicted all dimensions of perceived SE performance. The results also demonstrated the curvilinear relationship of the U-shaped curve between neuroticism and personal issues and the social aspects of SE performance. Furthermore, the results showed the curvilinear relationship of the inverted U-shaped curve between agreeableness and the four dimensions of SE performance.

19

A jednak osobowość! Dobry nauczyciel języka obcego w świetle wypowiedzi polskich uczniów i studentów

88%

Mihułka K., Chojnacka-Gärtner J.

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

|

2019

|

vol. 64(2 (252))

38-53

PL

The aim of this article is to present a portrait of the so-called good foreign language teacher, which has been created on the basis of the comments made by about 850 Polish students of modern languages, and students representing various types of schools (from primary schools, through middle schools, to secondary schools). In this picture, teacher personality traits, the majority of which are regarded as values not only in professional life (e.g. in the teaching profession), but also in personal life, have ranked the highest. Personality traits have overshadowed the other two groups of qualities which foreign language teachers are also equipped with, i.e. didactic and glottodidactic ones. The presentation of the research results has been preceded by a theoretical part where teacher personality and its role in (language) education have been briefly discussed.

20

Do Personality Traits Have Effect on Performance in the Presence of an Audience?

88%

Maglica B. K., Anić P., Švegar D., Mehonjić H.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2021

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vol. 52

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issue 4

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