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EN
II Krajowa Konferencja Naukowa „Przeszłość polskiej kultury fizycznej”
EN
The article presents modern approaches to sports and recreation activity in the educational institutions. It is stressed that the involvement of the general public to the mass popularization of sports and a healthy lifestyle is provided according to the Concept of the National Programme on the development of physical culture and sports for 2012-2016. A complex of concrete measures aimed at creating conditions for physical education and sport in all types of schools was proposed during this period of time. The main approaches to the organization of sports and recreation activity in the educational system, particularly in pre-school, primary and secondary school, during extracurricular activity and camps in the summer recreation for children have been singled out in the article. It is determined that the proper organization of physical education and recreation activity and innovative programs will not only contribute to harmonious all-round development of the individual, but also the preservation and strengthening of mental, physical and social health. The authors have distinguished the following approaches to the organization of sports and recreation activity in education: improving the legal framework of physical culture and sports; increase in the educational establishments of all types amount of motor activity per week; wide involvement of parents to nurture a healthy baby; gradual upgrade of logistics facilities of physical culture and sports; promotion of healthy lifestyles and overcome public indifference to the state of health of the nation; widespread adoption of social advertising of various aspects of a healthy lifestyle in all media and ban all direct and hidden forms of advertising of alcohol, tobacco and so on. The presented study is an attempt to summarize the current views of the scientists on the issue of sports and recreation activitiy at schools. In particular, it is determined that the essence of sports and recreation activity is the formation of a healthy lifestyle and harmonious development of a personality. Thus the question of finding the best areas of sports and recreation activity with children, students and young people is a testament to the relevance and appropriateness of our study. Prospects for future research are to highlight the problems of sports and recreation activity in public organizations of sports orientation.
EN
The definition of doping in the World Anti-Doping Code is an important instrument of international politics. While implications are obvious for the professional athletes participating in Olympic Games, they remain vague for the broader society – the followers of the Olympic struggles. The article is an attempt to indicate the problem faced by society, international institutions and states, trying to pursue an effective anti-doping policy. It presents a comprehensive description of one of the largest doping scandals with the participation of the Russian authorities in 2013–2014 and the results of the author’s research on society’s knowledge of doping in sports. Public awareness of banned substances and methods may turn out to be crucial while assessing the actions of governments and international institutions. Society may have insufficient knowledge about doping and may be unaware of its role in politics on an international scale. An ani-doping policy is a part of state policy, so it impacts the way of benefiting physical culture which is one of the areas creating the public sector.
EN
The author discusses the legal solutions regarding strategic documents in the field of physical culture and sport, as well as financing of sport by municipalities. She presents available forms of providing services in the field of physical culture by local government units in Poland. She describes municipalities’ sports development programs, examples of municipalities’ measures to increase the level of physical activity and engagement in sports activities of citizens as well as to promote the development of local economies through sport. She also discusses examples of public-private part‑ nerships in sport.
EN
This article is a result of researches concerning influence of the elements of kickboxing and profiled circuit training on the overall fitness of members of dispositional groups, such as antiterrorists. Taking into account the special features necessary for such people, for the experiment we chose exercises that are the best to develop them. Members of dispositional groups need special preparation so they could efficiently fight with the offenders, who threat the security. The research experiment described is of interdisciplinary character, as it regards an interdisciplinary branch of studies – securitology. Security studies, to develop the security culture, must be based on empiric researches and consists of practical elements, as there is no place for speculative theories of doubtful quality here. Therefore researches on special preparation of dispositional groups are of great importance.
EN
The article examines the organizational activity of the state authorities for the development of education in the sphere of physical culture and sport in Poland. It describes the powers and activities of the Council of Ministers of Poland, Ministry of national education, Ministry of science and higher education, Ministry of sport and tourism, the Central and regional authorities in the development of education in the sphere of physical culture and sports. The Central body of Executive power in the Republic of Poland is the Council of Ministers of Poland. It defines the main directions of domestic and foreign policy, enforces laws, issues normative acts, coordinates and monitors the work of state authorities. The Council of Ministers includes nineteen ministries. Each Ministry performs a political function, which was to prepare regulations in a specific field of activity and reflect the interests of the state and administrative function, which is to manage the processes affected by the Ministry. The Central bodies of state administration of education are involved in the development and implementation of the state policy in the sphere of education, establishing the prospects of its development, define the requirements to its content, level and volume, financial and logistical support. They participate in the organization of training of qualified personnel, coordination of research, methodological support, organization of international relationships, innovative technology implementation, supervise training and its results, participate in the inspections, certifications and accreditations for educational institutions. The Ministry can perform several common functions. Such general functions include the development of education in the sphere of physical culture and sports, which deals with the objectives of the Ministry of national education, Ministry of science and higher education, Ministry of sport and tourism. The Ministry of national education is responsible for the quality of education in the state, provides for the development of secondary education, and promotes equal opportunity in education of citizens of the country. The Ministry of science and higher education is responsible for the quality of higher education in the state, its compliance with international and European standards of education. Local authorities give funds to institutions, define their network, and provide social protection to their employees and students.
EN
The structure and content of the physical culture of the pupils’ personality is theoretically proved in the article. Physical culture is considered as an integrative personal formation that includes a system of means, methods and results of physical activity which is aimed to perceive, renovate, create and spread values of physical culture. On the basis of studying biological, psychological and social structures of the personality the basic components of the physical culture of the pupils’ personality are distinguished: cognitive, operational-procedural, personal and axiological, that extrapolate the physical culture of the personality as a system formation of content, activity and a personal character and the components of the system have its own structure and content. The physical culture of the personality is forming in the process of internaligation of cultural and educational capability by a personality and also in the result of accumulation of physical activity experience and filling it with a personal content. Understanding the conception of the physical culture of the pupils’ personality allows us making a conclusion that the cultural formation of a personality is the basis for functioning of all components of physical culture because humanistic valued relations run through all its components. The axiological component, which is a normative core of a personality, serves as a system forming element in physical culture and determinates the peculiarity of discovering other components. At the same time the development of other components consolidates moral valued stem of a personality and ensures the formation of the physical culture of the personality in the process of direct interplay.
EN
Purpose. The aim of the publication is to present the issue of the content of the Polish scientific journal,,Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology “on the example of the first five years (2011‒2015) of its existence. This will probably get at least partial answers to questions about 1) the impact of possible thematic diversity on the development of Polish scientific periodicals in the context of their internationalization, among others, through databases grouping this type of journale and 2) the legitimacy – from the point of view of modern science – the functioning of this type of journales. Introduction. The subject of the article is set in the context of the sociology of knowledge, and scientific information on the development of contemporary periodicals. The object of the research is a journal devoted to physical culture, cultural tourism and selected humanities sciences (philosophy, sociology, history, pedagogy and psychology), which emerged from another journal,,Ido – Movement for Culture” wchich was appeared in 2000‒2010. The periodical, on an international scale, is relatively small group of scientific journals directed towards themed arts and sports (less combat-type systems) fight. It is published by the the Scientific Research Committee of Idokan Poland Association, under the auspices of, among others, International Martial Arts and Combat Sports Scientific Society and the International Association of Sport Kinetics, in cooperation with several other institutions (eg. University of Rzeszow). Methodology. Methodology. The research method used elements of content analysis (also with elements of quantitative and qualitative content analysis). The data obtained are assigned to the appropriate category designated content of the contents is tested journals and categorization carried out by the same editorial team and publisher. Also analyzed the structure of the authors, both due to its titles and degrees, as well as the so-called. factor internationalization. We studied the types of publications posted there. Conclusions. The results indicate the diversity of thematic journal tested for this subject, together with mergers content considered by the authors in interdisciplinary shots. At the same time, you can draw conclusions about the ongoing development of this journal presented both in terms of content and the presence of the most important bases grouping the best scientific journals.
EN
Although there has been a growing body of research that explores Chinese masculinities within imperial China, the connection between masculinity and physical culture has been neglected. In this article, the author argues that Chinese emperors used Confucianism and the civil service examination (keju) to rule the country, and at the same time, created a social group of sedentary gentlemen whose studiousness and bookishness were worshiped by the public. In particular, the political institution of keju played a crucial role in disciplining the body. Behavior that did not conform to the Confucian standards which stressed civility and education were considered barbaric. As a result, a wen-version of masculinity was constructed. In other words, an anti-physical culture that strengthened the gross contempt towards those who chose to engage in physical labor.
EN
The presented paper has a polemic and an explanatory nature. It refers to some of the inaccuracies contained in the text authored by Ivo Jirásek and Peter Hopsicker. The aforementioned authors presented the achievements of various prominent philosophers of sport from Slavic countries, including the achievements of some Polish thinkers. My observations are focused mainly on issues related to the birth and development of the philosophy of sport in Poland. I would like to thank Professor Ivo Jirásek and Professor Peter Hopsicker for addressing the topic of Polish philosophy and for their research efforts. I also would like to ask the authors to receive my comments with the good intentions with which I composed them, and hope my comments may enrich their cognitive project.
PL
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zarządzania łódzką kulturą fizyczną w latach 1945–1949 na tle zachodzących zmian społeczno-politycznych. Wprowadzony w 1946 roku model zarządzania kulturą fizyczną łączył sprawy wychowania fizycznego z przysposobieniem wojskowym. Wojewódzki Urząd Wychowania Fizycznego i Przysposobienia Wojskowego w Łodzi, a następnie Wojewódzki Urząd Kultury Fizycznej w Łodzi były formami przejściowymi. Ostatecznym celem było wprowadzenie modelu zarządzania sportem łódzkim na wzór realizowanego w Związku Radzieckim. W latach 1946–1949 łódzkie władze sportowe propagowały rozwój wychowania fizycznego i sportu zgodnie z polityką państwa. Forsowano duże imprezy sportowe. Szkolenie sportowe powiązano z wojskowym i rolniczym. Nowa władza państwowa sprzyjała rozwojowi wychowania fizycznego i sportu, szczególnie w organizacjach lewicowych. Stowarzyszenia sportowe, których działalność uznano za wrogą, były likwidowane.
EN
The purpose of this paper is to present how physical culture was managed in Łódź in 1945–48 during the times of social and political changes. This period is characteristic for the rebirth of sport movement after the WWII and the activities of the authorities aimed at introducing a new model of management of physical culture. On the territory of the voivodeship of Łódź, sport activity was revived along with the withdrawal of German army. The activity of reviving clubs and sport unions was quite spontaneous at first. The model of management of physical culture, introduced in 1946,combined physical education issues with military training referring to pre-war models. The newly created Voivodeship Office of Physical Education and Military Training in Łódź in 1948 was temporary. The final objective was introduction of sports management based on the Soviet model. In the years 1946–49 Łódź authorities popularized the development of physical education and sport in the way compatible with the State policy. They put pressure on massive sport events, sport was combined with military and agricultural training. The new authorities supported the development of physical education and sport in leftist organizations. Sports associations which were claimed to be adverse were eliminated.
EN
The goal of this paper is to explain the dependence between the political system of the state: collectivist, conservative, and liberal in a postmodern society, and public health-related practice. In the consideration of different systems of physical culture, including the system of health culture known as public health, Niklas Luhmann’s theory of social systems has been used. The social system of health culture, hitherto known as the system of public health, is acknowledged as a variety of social systems of physical culture, whereas the health gymnasion is one of many possible centers of habilitation, recreation, and rehabilitation of the body. It is argued that an educating society can only persist successfully if the state does not lose control in the struggle against the ideologues of neoliberal forces hostile to the solidarity-based and welfare state.
EN
The authors describe budo karate as one of the aspects of safety culture. Nowadays, there are three pillars of karate: traditional karate, sports and self-defense. Karate is a particular feld of physical culture that forms the foundation for all three pillars of safety culture: the mental, organizational and material pillar. Karate meets the modern expectations of increasing the quality of life, feeling of security and protection against the dangers of the modern world. The authors also note that all style karate is a system that symbiotically combines tradition with appropriately construed modernity, while simultaneously enabling self-fulfllment.
EN
The authors describe budo karate as one of the aspects of safety culture. Nowadays, there are three pillars of karate: traditional karate, sports and self-defense. Karate is a particular feld of physical culture that forms the foundation for all three pillars of safety culture: the mental, organizational and material pillar. Karate meets the modern expectations of increasing the quality of life, feeling of security and protection against the dangers of the modern world. The authors also note that all style karate is a system that symbiotically combines tradition with appropriately construed modernity, while simultaneously enabling self-fulfllment.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza terminu kultura fizyczna jako istotnego elementu szerszej kultury. W polskim piśmiennictwie naukowym pojęcie to nie zawsze jest rozpatrywane z perspektywy jego związków z ogólną kulturą, pojawiają się wręcz opinie, iż nie należy zaliczać go do kultury. Główną tezę artykułu stanowi stwierdzenie, iż kultura fizyczna stanowi część ogólnej kultury i w oparciu o nią powinna być rozpatrywana. Podjęta zostanie także próba odpowiedzi na pytanie dotyczące powodów braku zgody odnośnie tak fundamentalnego zagadnienia, jak związek pomiędzy kulturą fizyczną a kulturą.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the term physical culture as an important element of culture in general. In Polish scientific literature the term is not always considered from the perspective of its association with culture. There are even views that it should not be regarded as a part of it. According to the main hypothesis, physical culture is an element of culture in general. An attempt to answer the question about the reasons for lack of consensus concerning such a fundamental issue as the association between culture and physical culture will also be conducted.
Turyzm
|
2012
|
vol. 22
|
issue 2
21-29
EN
The purpose of this article is to present opportunities for research which show the common ground between tourism and physical culture using approaches and methods worked out and applied in economics. Attention has been concentrated on the category of ‘product’, treated here as a theoretical concept by means of which it is possible to present a structure of tourism trip. This will include the part that refers to those values and human activities related to physical culture. An attempt to identify the social perception of the attributes that describe a tourism trip was made by an empirical study using conjoint analysis on students in higher education in Kraków. The results show that those who participate in tourism enriched by physical activity, prefer trips saturated with attributes such as the required level of courage, the testing of psychological and physical abilities, rivalry with others or nature, an element of adventure, a high level of physical activity, access to sports and leisure facilities, and contact with nature. But at the same time they prefer a low level of risk to health or life. It was noted, however, that related to the latter female and male preferences vary.
EN
Background. Due to Friedrich Ludwig Jahn’s gymnastic movement founded in 1811, physical culture in Germany, including East Prussia was widely promoted. Numerous sports fields popularized the values of physical activity among young people. Many other sports disciplines later emerged from the gymnastic movement. Material and methods. The research questions concerned the processes of development of physical culture in Warmia and Mazury in the time of East Prussia and the importance of the remaining sports facilities built by the German population for the development of the sports movement after World War II when the area had become Polish territory. Conclusions. Due to the research results, it is possible to conclude that the sporting traditions of Warmia and Mazury – with the support of few Warmians, Mazurians and a handful of German ancestry citizens – were continued mainly by Polish settlers and repatriates after the end of military actions. There were only the defunct sports facilities that survived the war.
PL
Po drugiej wojnie światowej kultura fizyczna w Polsce stała się instrumentem służącym umacnianiu pozycji władzy komunistów w społeczeństwie. Jednak pomimo niekorzystnych aspektów politycznych uczestnictwo w sporcie masowym przyczyniało się do integracji lokalnej społeczności, a w następstwie podejmowania wspólnych inicjatyw społecznych. Odbudowa struktur kultury fizycznej na Pomorzu przebiegała inaczej niż na pozostałych terenach naszego kraju. Przyczyniło się do tego kilka czynników, m.in. przemiany związane z procesem zasiedlenia i zagospodarowania Ziem Odzyskanych. Pierwszoplanową rolę w upowszechnianiu kultury fizycznej na Ziemi Gdańskiej ode­grało Towarzystwo Krzewienia Kultury Fizycznej, w następnej kolejności spełniały tę rolę: Ośrodki Wychowania Fizycznego w Gdańsku, Gdyni i Sopocie, Wojewódzki Ośrodek Sportu, Turystyki i Wypoczynku pod nazwą Balt-Tourist, mający swe odpowiedniki na niższym szczeblu organizacyjnym, Miejskie Ośrodki Sportu, Turystyki i Wypoczynku w Gdańsku, Gdyni i Sopocie, które najczęściej organizowały wypoczynek sobotnio-niedzielny oraz Polskie Towarzystwo Turystyczno-Krajoznawcze, natomiast wśród organizacji młodzieżowych Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego.Termin „sport masowy” był wytworem okresu PRL, w znacznym stopniu jego istnienie było fikcją, wraz z postępującą ideologizacją kultury fizycznej, opartą na wzorcu radzieckim. Jednocześnie proponowane aktywności były formą spędzania czasu wolnego oraz możliwością wspólnych działań rodzinnych, integracji społeczności lokalnej.
EN
After the Second World War, physical culture in Poland undoubtedly became an instrument for strengthening the position of communist authorities in public. However, despite the unfavourable political aspects, participation in mass sport has definitely contributed to the integration of local community, followed by collective social initiatives. The rebuilding of structures of physical culture in Pomerania proceeded differently in comparison to other areas of our country. Several factors contributed to this, including economic, social and demographic changes that took place after the end of warfares, which were closely related to the process of settling and developing the Regained Territories. The Society of Physical Culture Propagation had the most important role in the dissemination of physical culture. It was followed by: Provincial Sports, Tourism and Leisure Center named Balt-Tourist, with its counterparts at the lower organizational level, The Municipal Sport, Tourism and Recreation Centers of Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot, which often organized Saturday and Sunday leisure time as well as The Polish Tourist – Sightseeing Society, while among youth organizations the Polish Scouting Association. The term “mass sport” was a product of the PRL period, to a large extent its existence was a fiction, along with the progressing ideologisation of physical culture, based on the Soviet model. At the same time, the proposed activities were a form of spending free time and the possibility of joint family activities, integration of the local community.
EN
The aim of the research is to study and analyze the influence of motor activity on the emotional state of the students of higher educational institutions. The paper is of great significance in the system of physical education of university students of Ukraine through the prism of connection of emotional state. The motor activity and the indicators of emotional state of the students are analyzed. The relationship between high levels of motor activity and indicators of emotional state is classified. The positive effect of motor activity on the emotional state of students is proved. Study at the university belongs to the category of mental work and has several features that are in mastering ever-increasing amount of educational material, the accumulation of knowledge and the development of intellectual and emotional sphere. The structure and terms of training activity at universities are complicated: increased information load, increasing physical inactivity, complicated interpersonal relationships. Under the influence of these factors a student’s nervous system takes the first shot blow, which is directly linked to the emotional state. The modern system of high educational institutions based on humane and personal approach and needs to study a number of psychological and educational problems, among which an important place belongs to the problem of increasing the emotional state of the students with motor activity in time limit and overtime. To understand the nature of the emotions it is advisable to explore the sustainable human development stages, including a student. Theoretical analysis and synthesis of information sources showed the relationship between physical activity of the students and their emotional state. It is determined that the emotional state of the students was 53 points. Thus, the average health score was 53±6,3 points, activity – 48±8,0 points. The highest average rating was the mood of the students surveyed, which was 57±8,7 points. The level has become higher. It is found that the average correlation of the relationships between the indicators of health(r=0,503), activity (0,591), mood (0,678) and high motor activity of the surveyed students effects on the emotional state of the students. However, there is no correlation between physical activity and emotional state of the students of middle, small sitting and baseline levels of physical activity. The obtained results of the study will complement the information on the effect of exercises on the emotional state of the students in higher educational institutions.
EN
In the article theoretical aspects of development of future teachers’ culture of health by facilities of physical education are revealed. The basic principles, goals and directions of culture of health forming in the students of higher pedagogical education institutions are characterized. The role of physical education in the formation of healthy lifestyle and health culture is outlined. The problem of development of future teachers’ culture of health, formation of stable motivation to physical culture, development of professional values are being investigated by modern scientists and specialists in training in higher education institutions. A number of researchers, referring to the definition of this concept, highlight its physical component, not paying enough attention to socio-psychological and spiritual-moral component of this concept. Therefore, for a holistic and purposeful development of future teachers’ culture of health must have a coherent work of physicians, physiologists, psychologists, sociologists, educators. However, health information that the student receives different stages of learning was not systematic. There is no integrative approach to solve problems related to health. Education on health typically orients young people mainly on treatment rather than on prevention of diseases not giving adequate attention to the ways of overcoming the risk factors and the ability of the organism to withstand adverse environmental influences. We believe that the system of higher pedagogical education should ensure the development of future teachers’ culture of health. The most effectively it can be done in the classroom of physical education. Higher school needs to upgrade the modern lessons of physical culture in such a way as to develop not only physical qualities of students, but also everything that is included in the concept «culture of health». Especially requires upgrading professional-pedagogical preparation, because the health of the younger generation depends on the teacher.
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