Search results

1

Bezpieczeństwo turystów podczas podróżowania autokarem

100%

Szczęsny W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Turystyka i Rekreacja

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2011

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issue 1(7)

63-79

PL

Przemieszczanie ludzi w przestrzeni jest podstawową formą aktywności związaną z turystyką. Jednym z możliwych środków transportu jest autokar, z którego turyści korzystają stosunkowo często. Autor w swoim artykule analizuje czynniki wpływające na poziom bezpieczeństwa podróżowania tym środkiem transportu.

2

Turyści, podróżnicy i współczesne europejskie kino transnarodowe

100%

Mazierska E., Rascaroli L.

Panoptikum

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2009

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issue 8(15)

126-145

EN

We focus first on the portmanteau film, and especially the recent example, Paris, Jet’aime (France/Liechtenstein/Switzerland 2006). By situating it in a number of contexts, including earlier films on Paris such as Paris vu par…(1965) and Paris vu par… vingt ans après (1984), and by discussing its productive, artistic, and thematic features, we test the assumption that Paris, Je t’aime is a quintessential transnational film, and discuss those elements of national identity that were either transcended or preserved by the filmmakers. Then we ask what happens when a European film travels beyond the national borders, and goes on the road at the specific purpose of testing the limits of national and cultural identities. Our examples are Robert Guédiguian’s Le Voyage en Arménie (France 2006) and Ismaël Ferroukhi’s Le Grand Voyage (France/Morocco 2004) – two recent road movies that depart from the heart of Old Europe and travel to or beyond its margins.

3

Wszystko, co ludzkie

100%

Liszka-Drążkiewicz A.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria

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2017

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vol. 17

261-266

PL

All that is human Abstract In Historie florenckie Ewa Białkowska focuses on the vast cultural heritage of RenaissanceFlorence, however, she begins by mentioning a disastrous flood of the 1960s that couldhave easily ruined said heritage. The present article aims at presenting the main ideas ofthe book and more importantly to pinpoint those elements that contribute to its originality.Even though Historie florenckie focus mainly on showing the most important works of art ofTuscany’s capital, in their descriptions a vital role is played by identifying the relationshipbetween a piece of art and a human, between culture and society in which it is created. Theinteraction between human and art appears to be the most interesting aspect of the book. Keywords: Florence, travel, renaissance art

4

"Zobaczyć niebo opiewane przez poetów całej ziemi, zobaczyć Włochy" - północna Italia w relacjach Stanisława i Władysława Bełzów

100%

Sadlik M.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria

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2017

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vol. 17

94-104

PL

“To see Heaven praised by poets of the whole world, to see Italy” –Northern Italy, as described by Stanisław and Władysław Bełza Abstract Italian voyages of the 19th and 20th centuries have already been described many times. Thatis why this paper has been devoted to those accounts which so far have not been particularlypopular with literary historians, but are still worth mentioning: Z Wenecyi do Neapolu.Wrażenia z podróży by Władysław Bełza and Za Apeninami, Na lagunach, Obrazy i obrazkiWenecyi by Stanisław Bełza. The paper consists of two parts: the first one presents Veniceas seen by the above mentioned authors, while the second one, entitled Z Polski do ziemiwłoskiej, z ziemi włoskiej do Polski follows the Polish traces on foreign land. Voyages of theBełza brothers, just like romantic voyages had two routes: the first one led through theEuropean cultural heritage, while the other one followed the track of national memorabilia. Keywords: cultural heritage, travel, memories, patriotism

5

Motyw podróży w reportażu radiowym

89%

Bachura-Wojtasik J., Sygizman K.

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2018

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vol. 51

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issue 5

11-29

EN

The article is an attempt to describe contemporary radio features focusing on the theme of travel. We point to different ways of talking about travel in this artistic radio form, through analysis and interpretation, we try to see how, and by which artistic devices, we can talk about worlds near and far, in a medium devoid of images. Our observations are based on listening to dozens of radio features created in recent years. We propose thematic categories for radio features, because the theme of travel is taken by the authors in various ways. In one case, the feature makers focus on the character of the traveler, in another on the journey itself. There are also programs presenting the journey as a kind of escape before war or terror. This diversity also applies to formal solutions. Radio features about travel are characterized by a large variety of stylistic, compositional and aesthetic features. We can also speak about the style of a particular artist, whose talent, sensitivity, ingenuity and aesthetics influence the style of individual programs about travel.

PL

Artykuł jest próbą opisu współczesnych radiowych reportaży o tematyce podróżniczej. Wskazujemy na różne ujęcia podróży we wspomnianym gatunku oraz – analizując i interpretując wybrane audycje – staramy się zauważać, w jaki sposób i za pomocą jakich środków można w medium pozbawionym obrazu opowiadać o światach bliskich i dalekich. Swoje obserwacje oparłyśmy na wysłuchaniu kilkudziesięciu reportaży powstałych na przestrzeni ostatnich lat. Zaproponowałyśmy tematyczne kategorie podziału audycji, bowiem motyw podróży bywa podejmowany przez autorów w różny sposób. W jednym przypadku dziennikarze skupiają się na postaci podróżnika, w innym na samej podróży. Bywają również audycje przedstawiające podróż jako swoistą ucieczkę przed wojną czy terrorem. Wspomniana różnorodność dotyczy także formalnych rozwiązań. Radiowe reportaże podróżnicze cechuje duża różnorodność stylistyczna, kompozycyjna i estetyczna. Uprawnione jest także mówienie o osobliwości warsztatowej danego twórcy, którego talent, wrażliwość, pomysłowość i poczucie estetyki wpływają na styl konkretnej audycji podróżniczej.

6

Podróż(e) na Kresy ze Zbigniewem Żakiewiczem

88%

Żyłko B., Żyłko B.

Studia Rossica Gedanensia

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2015

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issue 2

524-536

PL

Tekst stanowi refleksję ze wspólnej wyprawy prof. Bogusława Żyłko i dr Zbigniewa Żakiewicza do Żodziszek, na rodzinne Kresy . Zawiera jednocześnie omówienie wątków historyczno-literackich dominujących w twórczości Żakiewicza.

7

Podróże galicyjskiej rodziny ziemiańskiej w XIX wieku na przykładzie Skrzyńskich

88%

Lorens B.

Galicja. Studia i materiały

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2020

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issue 6

275-292

PL

Wyjazdy zagraniczne należały do najbardziej elitarnych rozrywek ziemiaństwa w XIX w. Moda, jaka na początku XIX w. zapanowała wśród elit ziemiańskich, nakazywała bywanie w uzdrowiskach. Pobyt w nich wiązał się nie tylko z zalecanymi przez lekarzy kuracjami, ale miał także charakter towarzysko-rozrywkowy. Rodzina Skrzyńskich, posiadająca majątki ziemskie w okolicach Krosna, Dubiecka i Lwowa, w latach 50. XIX w. wyjeżdżała głównie do Karlsbadu, Ostendy i Oeynhausen w Westfalii. Celem podróży było korzystanie z tamtejszych wód leczniczych. Dla poratowania zdrowia córki Marii Emilia Skrzyńska w zimie 1877 r. spędziła trzy miesiące na południu Włoch. Ponadto panie Skrzyńskie odbyły pielgrzymkę do Lourdes we Francji, wiążąc polepszenie stanu zdrowia Marii z cudowną interwencją Matki Bożej.

EN

Travels abroad constituted one of the most elitist pastimes of landed gentry in the 19th century. The fashion from the beginning of the 19th century among landowning elites required visiting heath resorts. Staying at such places entailed not only the treatments recommended by doctors but also was of social-entertainment nature. The Skrzyński family, possessing estates in the vicinity of Krosno, Dubiecko and Lviv in 1850s visited mainly Carlsbad, Ostend and Oeynhausen in Westfall, where they wanted to bathe in curative waters. In order to improve her daughter Maria’s health, Emilia Skrzyńska in winter 1877 spent three months in the south of Italy. Moreover, the women went on a pilgrimage to Lourdes in France, in the hope that the miraculous intervention of the Holy Virgin could improve Maria’s health.

8

„Uwikłani w płeć” – od wytwarzania i reprodukowania męskości po formy przekraczania płci: Tanatoturystyka – niekonwencjonalne wycieczki do opuszczonego miasta Prypeć. Perspektywa socjologiczna

75%

Rakowicz P.

Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica

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2017

|

vol. 18(2)

207-219

PL

Tanatoturystyka – niekonwencjonalne wycieczki do opuszczonego miasta Prypeć. Perspektywa socjologiczna

9

Geograf „dusz i serc ludów” czy piewca kolonializmu? Afrykańskie relacje Antoniego Ferdynanda Ossendowskiego z dzisiejszej perspektywy

75%

Drozd A.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura

|

2018

|

issue 10(2)

161-172

PL

Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski pragnął przywieźć z podróży nie tylko barwne wspomnienia przydatne do wykorzystania w książkach, ale również zbiory zoologiczne, botaniczne i etnograficzne, a nawet film przyrodniczy. Jego relacje z Afryki ujawniają dwie główne role narratora, a zarazem postawy wobec inności – zafascynowanego egzotyką pisarza bądź skrupulatnego naukowca. Nadrzędnym celem, który przyświeca tworzeniu owych obrazów jest jednak zawsze atrakcyjność literacka opowieści, pozwalająca dotrzeć do jak największej liczby odbiorców. Artykuł charakteryzuje afrykańską twórczość podróżniczą A.F. Ossendowskiego umieszczając ją na tle wcześniejszej tradycji polskich podróży na ten kontynent oraz teoretycznych założeń prozy reportażowej.

EN

From his journeys, Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski brought not only memories useful while writing his books, but also zoological, botanical and ethnographical collections. What is more, the traveller was also preparing an environmental movie. In Ossendowski’s African stories we can find two main creations of narrator and his attitude towards otherness – gushing writer and meticulous scientist. That is because books should seem attractive for the reader. In this article I characterize Ossendowski’s African stories against the background of polish literature related to journeys to Africa and the theory of reportage.

10

Romantyczne wędrówki Polaków po Szwajcarii Saskiej

63%

Grzęda E.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

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2018

|

vol. 12

149-175

EN

The history of Polish tourism in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains as well as the literary and artistic reception of the landscape and culture of Saxon Switzerland have never been discussed in detail. The present article is a research reconnaissance. The beginnings and development of tourism in the region came in the late 18th and early 19th century. The 1800s were marked by the emergence of the first German-language descriptions of Saxon Switzerland, which served as guidebooks at the time. From the very beginning Poles, too, participated in the tourist movement in the area. The author of the article seeks to follow the increasing interest in Saxon Switzerland and the appearance of the first descriptions of the region in Polish literature and culture. She provides a detailed analysis of Polish-language accounts of micro-trips to the Elbe Sandstone Mountains by Andrzej Edward Koźmian, Stanisław Deszert, Antoni Edward Odyniec, Klementyna Hoffman née Tańska and a poem by Maciej Bogusz Stęczyński. As the analysis demonstrates, in the first half of the 19th century Poles liked to visit these relatively low mountains in Central Europe and tourism in the region is clearly part of the history of Polish mountain tourism. Thanks to unique aesthetic and natural values of the mountains, full of varied rocky formations, reception of their landscape had an impact of the development of the aesthetic sensibility of Polish Romantics. Direct contact with nature and the landscape of Saxon Switzerland also served an important role in the shaping of spatial imagination of Polish tourists, encouraging them to explore other mountains in Europe and the world, including the Alps. On the other hand thanks to the development of tourist infrastructure in Saxon Switzerland, facilitating trips in the region and making the most attractive spots available to inexperienced tourists, micro-trips to the Elbe Sandstone Mountains marked an important stage in the development of mountain tourism on a popular-recreational level. Polish-language accounts of trips to Saxon Switzerland from the first half of the 20th century are a noteworthy manifestation of the beginnings of Polish travel literature.

11

SÁNDORA MÁRAIA WIDZENIE MIAST (REKONESANS)

63%

Zwolińska B.

Świat Tekstów. Rocznik Słupski

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2019

|

vol. 17

31-42

PL

W artykule interesuje mnie sposób przedstawiania miast węgierskich, włoskich i amerykańskich widzianych oczyma podróżnika i emigranta, wielkiego mistrza prozy XX wieku, Sándora Máraia, określanego mianem pisarza miejskiego. Wypowiada się on w różnych formach: dzienniku, wspomnieniach, szkicach z podróży, felietonach i powieściach. Dzieli miasta na swojskie, rodzime (Kassa, Budapeszt) i obce (amerykańskie, np. Nowy Jork), a do postrzegania w kategoriach swojskości pretendują też miasta włoskie (Posillipo, Neapol). Dla Máraiowskich ujęć charakterystyczny jest zabieg antropomorfizacji i animizacji miast, a także uwrażliwienie sensualne i zdolność syntetycznego określenia ich odrębności.

EN

In the article I am interested in the way of presenting Hungarian, Italian and American cities seen through the eyes of a traveler and emigrant, the grand master of prose of the twentieth century, Sándor Márai, known as the city writer. He expresses himself in various literary forms: journal, memoirs, travel sketches, columns and novels. He divides the cities into familiar, native (Kassa, Budapest) and foreign (American, e.g. New York). To be perceived in terms of familiarity pretend also the Italian cities (Posillipo, Naples). A characteristic literary device for Márai is the anthropomorphisation of the cities, as well as the sensory sensitization and the ability to synthetically define their distinctiveness.

12

Od relacji z wypraw do przewodnika — początki karkonoskich poradników dla podróżnych na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku

63%

Pacholski J.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

|

2018

|

vol. 12

11-32

EN

In the history of European tourism the Giant Mountains (Karkonosze) occupy a unique place thanks to the Chapel of St. Lawrence, funded by Count Christoph Leopold Schaffgotsch and located on the summit of Śnieżka. Its construction in the Habsburg dominions in the turbulent period of the Counter-Reformation was meant to finally put an end to the Silesian-Bohemian border dispute and become a visible sign of Catholic rule over the highest mountain range of the two neighbouring countries. The construction of the chapel also marked the beginning of tourism in the highest range of the Sudetes; initially, its nature was religious and focused on pilgrimages to the summit of Śnieżka, featuring, in addition to local inhabitants, also sanatorium visitors to Cieplice (Warmbrunn), which was owned by the Schaffgotschs. After the three Silesian Wars, as a result of which the lands to the north of the mountains were separated from the Habsburgs’ Kingdom of Bohemia, the situation in the region changed radically. The Counter-Reformation pressure ceased and the Lutherans began to grow in importance, supported as they were by the decidedly pro-Protestant Prussian state, governed by its tolerant monarch. The period was also marked by an unprecedented growth in the literature on the Giant Mountains — there were poems (Tralles), nature studies (Volkmar) and travel accounts (GutsMuths, Troschel and others) written about the highest range of the Sudetes. A special role among these writings was played by works aimed at introducing the public from the capital Berlin to the new province of the Kingdom of Prussia, especially to the mountains, so exotic from the point of view of the “groves and sands” of Brandenburg. These publications were written primarily by Lutheran clergymen, which was not without significance to the nature of the works. This was also a time when the first guidebooks to the Giant Mountains were written, with many of their authors also coming from the same milieu. What emerges from this image is a kind of confessionalisation of tourism in the highest mountains of Silesia and Bohemia: on the one hand there are mass Catholic pilgrimages and on the other — a new type of individual tourists who, with a book in hand, traverse mountain paths in a decidedly more independent fashion.

13

Von Expeditionsberichten zum Führer — die Anfänge der Ratgeber für Riesengebirgereisende an der Jahrhundertwende des 18. zum 19. Jahrhundert

63%

Pacholski J.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

|

2018

|

vol. 12

33-53

EN

In the history of European tourism the Giant Mountains (Karkonosze) occupy a unique place thanks to the Chapel of St. Lawrence, funded by Count Christoph Leopold Schaffgotsch and located on the summit of Śnieżka. Its construction in the Habsburg dominions in the turbulent period of the Counter-Reformation was meant to finally put an end to the Silesian-Bohemian border dispute and become a visible sign of Catholic rule over the highest mountain range of the two neighbouring countries. The construction of the chapel also marked the beginning of tourism in the highest range of the Sudetes; initially, its nature was religious and focused on pilgrimages to the summit of Śnieżka, featuring, in addition to local inhabitants, also sanatorium visitors to Cieplice (Warmbrunn), which was owned by the Schaffgotschs. After the three Silesian Wars, as a result of which the lands to the north of the mountains were separated from the Habsburgs’ Kingdom of Bohemia, the situation in the region changed radically. The Counter-Reformation pressure ceased and the Lutherans began to grow in importance, supported as they were by the decidedly pro-Protestant Prussian state, governed by its tolerant monarch. The period was also marked by an unprecedented growth in the literature on the Giant Mountains — there were poems (Tralles), nature studies (Volkmar) and travel accounts (GutsMuths, Troschel and others) written about the highest range of the Sudetes. A special role among these writings was played by works aimed at introducing the public from the capital Berlin to the new province of the Kingdom of Prussia, especially to the mountains, so exotic from the point of view of the “groves and sands” of Brandenburg. These publications were written primarily by Lutheran clergymen, which was not without significance to the nature of the works. This was also a time when the first guidebooks to the Giant Mountains were written, with many of their authors also coming from the same milieu. What emerges from this image is a kind of confessionalisation of tourism in the highest mountains of Silesia and Bohemia: on the one hand there are mass Catholic pilgrimages and on the other — a new type of individual tourists who, with a book in hand, traverse mountain paths in a decidedly more independent fashion.

14

Literacka i realna podróż w Himalaje – dydaktyczne aspekty książki Agaty Włodarczyk „PSYgoda na czterech łapach. Diuna w Himalajach” w zestawieniu z jej pierwowzorem

63%

Nowicka D.

Orbis Linguarum

|

2018

|

issue 51

307-317

EN

The literary and real journey to the Himalaya – the teaching aspects of the book „PSYgoda na czterech łapach. Diuna w Himalajach” written by Agata Włodarczyk and its prototype The article is an attempt to present the theme of a journey of two people with their dog to India and the Himalaya mountains, which were discribed in two books of the same authors. This story was written in two versions: for children and adults. The first version can be used to educate young people how to take a journey into the heart of Himalayas, in case of necessity travelling with a dog. The children can learn, how long is the checklist of things to prepare before and during a journey like this and how to accept the responsibility for the safety of a dog. In both books appear a phenomenon of the canine instincts of breed Chechoslovakian Wolfdog, such as guarding or herding behavior, that has saved the main protagonist from death.

15

Podróż jako element rytu przejścia w powieściach dla dziewcząt Kornela Makuszyńskiego

63%

Pigoń A.

Orbis Linguarum

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2018

|

issue 51

289-305

EN

A journey as a component of rites of passages in Kornel Makuszyński’s novels for girls The article is an attempt to present the theme of a journey in Kornel Makuszyński’s three novels for girls considered as a component of rites of passage. As scholars claim, novel for girls has an initiatory nature, because their aim is to prepare readers for their future women’s roles. Therefore, discussing them in rites of passage context seems justified. There are a few elements of rites of passage, such as greeting or farewell. Their presence in Kornel Makuszyński’s novels in combination with change which happens to the characters, may testify to their passage nature. Also, the destinations of girls’ journeys is significant for the epoque in which the novels were written as well as for the author’s biography. Zakopane in particular was a very special place for Makuszyński. Its presence in his novels is by no means accidential and the fact that it generates a change in one of the character’s life, is meaningful. In each novel there are at least two journeys; the first one makes a prelude to the main one, long and mostly solitary , which may be a component of rites of passage.

16

Emotions in Narratives of Holocaust. The Example of "The Journey" by Ida Fink

63%

Jaskóła E.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio N – Educatio Nova

|

2017

|

issue 2

EN

The author of this article analyses I. Fink’s novel The Journey, using the methodology of cultural analysis, to be precise: one of its subfield – emotion research by A. Wierzbicka. This literary interpretation was inspired by cultural linguistic research, which shows that the way people express emotions depends on one’s cultural as well as language background. Those research gave the author of this article an idea to see how to interpret certain emotional situations in Fink’s novels: how they are articulated and what are the consequences of some “games” in life-threatening situations during the time of Holocaust. The article leads to the conclusion that there is a necessity of teaching students (starting from the primary school to higher levels of education) that the way emotions are expressed and experienced depends on one’s culture, language, and culturally-shaped existential experience.

PL

Autorka przedstawiła analizę powieści I. Fin pt. Podróż w kontekście kulturowych badań emocji prowadzonych przez A. Wierzbicką. Podstawę dla refleksji literaturoznawczej stanowią kulturowe badania językoznawcze, które pokazują zależności między sposobem artykułowania emocji a kulturowym zapleczem ludzi mówiących danym językiem. Badania te podsunęły autorce artykułu pomysł oglądu sytuacji emocjonalnych zapisanych w powieści I. Fink, sposobu ich artykulacji i konsekwencji wynikających z podejmowania swoistych „gier” w sytuacji zagrożenia życia w czasach Zagłady. Konkluzją opracowania jest stwierdzenie konieczności uwrażliwiania młodzieży szkolnej na zjawisko, które można by określić mianem „językowego obrazu emocji”, który jest uzależniony od kultury, w jakiej wychowują się użytkownicy danego języka oraz związanymi z nią doświadczeniami egzystencjalnymi.

17

Aksjologiczny wymiar przestrzeni w starofrancuskiej literaturze dworskiej

63%

Abramowicz M.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

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2014

|

issue 4(7)

127-139

EN

In medieval mentality the world is viewed in a dichotomous fashion, the prototypical case being the pervasive axiologically-loaded opposition between the sacred and the profane. This mental structure, also reflected in the literature of the period, is characterized by the chronotope: the unbreakable bond of space and time, in which literary plotsareset. The chronotope is not mere decorum but participates, on a par with the plot and the characters, in the construction of the meaning and didactic message of a given literary work. This is especially conspicuousin its basic component: space. A tone extreme of the axis there is the space of culture: the court, the human abode, etc. It is being idealized –it is utopian, where as the world of wild life is hostile, dangerous and dystopian. However, when the opposition is embedded in the context of a specific genreorind ividual work, an axiological reversal of space may ensue. This is particularly relevant in courtly literature, whose plots are strictly connected with travelling, i.e. progression through space, tantamount to progression along the axiological scale.

18

Biblioteka Henry’ego Jamesa: między katalogiem a kowadłem

63%

Buchholtz M.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

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2019

|

issue 9(12) cz.2

155-166

EN

This article looks back to the book The Library of Henry James published in 1987 by James’s most renowned and possessive biographer Leon Edel and the biographer’s friend, the independent scholar Adeline Tintner. While Edel outlines the history of James’s book collection in his house in Great Britain, Tintner offers examples of James’s use of the trope of library in his fiction. In between the two essays, the two authors included a catalog of James’s collection in Rye, indicating the location of all the items as of 1987. This article relies on the information provided in Edel and Tintner’s book, to which little has been added since, and offers a theoretical and historical approach to the topic of library in the context of Henry James’s biography and literary heritage. The article gives theoretical ramifications to the findings of Edel and Tintner by distinguishing between the three meanings of “library:” a physical space, a cataloged collection, and a literary trope. It also juxtaposes Edel’s biographical-historical essay and Tintner’s literary analysis with the autobiography of Henry James, in which the library emerges as a place partaking of several traditions: patriarchy, the process of initiation and maturation along with social and national self-fashioning.

19

Przestrzenie zdziwienia w tekstach podróżniczych Michała Tyszkiewicza i Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego

63%

Górska-Szkop B.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

|

2018

|

issue 8(11) cz.2

53-66

EN

Many researchers call the nineteenth century yet another epoch of geographic discoveries. Travel was associated with the development of knowledge and treated as a cognitive adventure. This article attempts to reconstruct the process of cognition described by Michał Tyszkiewicz and Józef Ignacy Kraszewski in their travel writings. I assign primary importance to the category of wonder. The article tries to find out what astonished travelers and how this kind of wonder influenced the image of the world they created.

20

Książki się czyta, a biblioteki zwiedza. Adolf Pawiński i portugalskie księgozbiory

63%

Bąk M.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

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2018

|

issue 8(11) cz.2

97-108

EN

The aim of the article is to present the way in which Adolf Pawiński describes Portuguese libraries he visited. He distinguishes between the “idea of reading” and the “figure of library”.Reading refers to an intertextual dialogue and is essential in recognising and creating the image of Portugal in Pawiński’s book. Library, on the other hand, is regarded only as a place which can be admired.

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