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1

Вопросно-ответный ход в российском политическом дискурсе

100%
Dudek-Waligóra G.
Studia Linguistica
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2019
|
issue 38
21 - 31
EN
The article presents one of the types of rhetorical mechanisms used in political discourse – the question and answer method. The question and answer method is a rhetorical device in which the speaker asks a question and formulates his answer to it. The material for research is based on the official public texts of utterances made by contemporary Russian politicians: Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev, Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky and Gennady Andreyevich Zyuganov. Definitions of the question-answering method are provided and the main functions of this phenomenon are given. The analysis shows that the question-answering method helps politicians to persuade society. It can be concluded that this rhetorical device serves to establish contact with the audience, to draw attention to information, to make the speeches of politicians dynamic, expressive and emotional. The most important thing, however, is that the question-answering method leads to the type of solution proposed by the politician that is desirable for the consideration of problems. The linguistic material has shown that this is an actively used method in the political discourse of contemporary Russia.
2
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Weltbilder in der rechtspopulistischen Narration. Über Emotionen in den politischen Reden

100%
Kujawa I.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2020
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issue 18
225-235
EN
The language of populists uses arguments of strong power of persuasion resulting not from their rationality but from, first of all the degree of emotions present in the transmission. Populism assumes promoting political ideas consistent with expectations of majority of the public in order to achieve their support, influence them or to gain power. As the parliament election results show, the number of right-winged parties including right-wing populists in Europe has been rising recently. The common constituent in their narration of the world is the language which is strictly connected with promoting a specific system of values. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the right-wing language, an attempt at capturing its typical features and at reconstructing the right-wing image of the world promoted by politicians during their meetings with voters.
3

Commissive and Expressive Illocutionary Acts in Political Discourse

100%
Mišić Ilić B., Radulović M.
Lodz Papers in Pragmatics
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2016
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vol. 11
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issue 1
19-49
EN
Political discourse is primarily identified as political action, the discourse of deliberating which course of action to follow in accordance with specific political goals (Fairclough and Fairclough 2012: 1). A pragmatic analysis of various sub-genres of political discourse can identify the preference for particular speech acts. The first aim of this paper is to analyze commissive and expressive illocutionary acts in political speeches, as indicators of personal involvement of political speakers, notorious for vagueness and avoiding commitment. A corpus of Serbian, American and British political speeches that address the issue of economic standard of living has been examined to identify commissive illocutionary acts as indicators of politicians’ explicit commitment to a chosen course of action, and expressive illocutionary acts as indicators of politicians’ explicit attitudes to their own or other politicians’ chosen practices. The analysis classifies subtypes of commissives and expressives in the corpus and identifies illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs) that constitute them in English and in Serbian, after which the resulting classifications are compared and contrasted. The research results are aimed at explaining the hypothesis that a specific use/lack of commissives and expressives can be the politician’s strategy for adding credibility to their speeches, and in that way, swaying public opinion to serve the politician’s interest; conversely, establishing the relation between the use/lack of these illocutionary acts and the politician’s commitment to actions can be a method for exposing the politician’s lack of credibility and accountability.
4

The Journey Metaphor in Mediatized Political Discourse

100%
Dávid G., Furkó B. P.
Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica
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2015
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vol. 7
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issue 2
7-20
EN
The present paper will analyse manifestations of the journey metaphor from a critical discourse analytical perspective in order to observe how the journey metaphor is used as a discourse strategy in mediatized political speeches and interviews whereby political actors manipulate the second-frame interactional participants (the audience) into sharing a (spurious) sense of solidarity with them. There are three hypotheses that will be tested in the course of the analysis: the first is that a wide-variety of realjourney elements are exploited for the political metaphor of journey, and there is a concrete correspondence between journey vehicles and political scenarios. The second hypothesis is that journey metaphors that are used in political speeches, celebrity interviews and confrontational political interviews are of different types and complexity. The third hypothesis is that the manipulative intent behind the use of metaphors is exposed in the latter types of mediatized political discourse to varying degrees as a result of the different degrees of pragmatic accountability adhered to in the two subgenres. We argue that the first two hypotheses are confirmed on the basis of the qualitative analysis presented in the paper, whereas the third hypothesis is not borne out by the data.
5
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Rhetoric of exceptionalism in the American public discourse of the 21st century

63%
Ganea M.
Res Rhetorica
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2016
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vol. 3
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issue 3
16-32
EN
The aim of this analytic paper is to examine the dominant rhetorical devices in the American public speeches in the early 21st century that express and justify ideologies and state policies. This research has focused on oral productions embedded in institutional American discourse selected in relation to the top policies endorsed by prominent politicians and offi cials. Rhetorical techniques that are discussed are used to seek public approval and consent through the construction of American exceptionalism and uniqueness. The study reveals the dominant rhetorical schemas through analysis of speeches on such topics as Iraq, economic crisis, nuclear security, military interventionism and US global leadership.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przegląd i omówienie narzędzi retorycznych, które w amerykańskich przemówieniach politycznych z początku XXI wieku wykorzystywane są do wyrażania i uzasadniania ideologii i polityki państwa. Analiza dotyczy mówionych form dyskursu instytucjonalnego, wybranych wystąpień najważniejszych polityków i urzędników państwowych. Wyróżnione techniki retoryczne służą zdobyciu publicznej akceptacji poprzez odwołanie się do koncepcji amerykańskiej wyjątkowości. Przedmiotem analizy są retoryczne schematy używane w przemówieniach dotyczących takich tematów jak wojna w Iraku, kryzys ekonomiczny, bezpieczeństwo nuklearne, interwencje militarne i globalne przywództwo USA.
6
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Multisegmentale Kurzwörter in öffentlichen Texten

51%
Murányi-Zagyvai M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2019
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issue 15
157–167
DE
Multisegmentale Kurzwörter (vor allem Buchstabenkurzwörter) sind unentbehrliche Bestandteile von öffentlichen Texten. Bezeichnungen von Parteien, Organisationen, Institutionen usw. erscheinen im Allgemeinen in der Kurzform. Aber nicht immer. Wodurch wird die Wahl zwischen Kurzform und Langform in Reden an die Öffentlichkeit, in Wortmeldungen im Parlament usw. beeinflusst? Ist das nur eine Frage der praktischen Kürze? Höchstwahrscheinlich nicht. Der Kurzwortgebrauch wird durch einen Komplex von mehreren Aspekten motiviert, von denen im Beitrag nur einer, die Sympathie, die Zuneigung (wie z. B. die politische Nähe) untersucht wird. Es wird versucht, auch der Frage nachzugehen, ob die diesbezüglichen Motive der Kurzwortverwendung sprachgebunden sind.
EN
Multisegmental short forms (especially acronyms) are indispensable components of public texts. Terms of parties, organisations, institutions etc. generally appear in abbreviated form. But not always. How is the choice between short form and long form influenced in speeches to the public, speeches in Parliament, etc.? Is this just a question of practical brevity? Most likely not. The use of short words is motivated by a complex of aspects, only one of which will be examined in the presentation: sympathy/affection (such as political closeness).
7
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Тактики признания и решения проблемы как главные показатели лидерства в дискурсе В. В. Путина

51%
Dudek-Waligóra G.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica
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2018
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issue 16
41-49
PL
Powszechnie wiadomo, że W. W. Putin jest uznawany za lidera Federacji Rosyjskiej. Na wizerunek politycznego przywódcy wpływa szereg czynników, w tym także styl jego wypowiedzi. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie głównych wyznaczników przywództwa w dyskursie W. W. Putina. Autor skupia się na dwóch taktykach – taktyce uznania istnienia problemu oraz na taktyce wskazania na sposób rozwiązania problemu, ponieważ od lidera oczekuje się przede wszystkim umiejętności pokonywania przeszkód. Jako materiał empiryczny posłużyły publiczne wypowiedzi obecnego prezydenta Rosji, wyekscerpowane z oficjalnej strony internetowej urzędu prezydenta w formie najbardziej typowych dla Putina gatunków – konferencji prasowej, wystąpienia oraz programu telewizyjnego „Gorąca Linia”. Ich analiza pozwala konstatować, że przy pomocy wskazanych taktyk obecny prezydent Federacji Rosyjskiej buduje wizerunek kompetentnego przywódcy, który zauważa problemy obywateli i zamierza z nimi walczyć według nakreślonego planu.
EN
It is well known that Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is considered the political leader of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this article is to present the main language tools with the help of which V. V. Putin creates the image of a strong leader. The author concentrates on two tactics – the tactic of admitting the existence of the problem and the tactic of pointing out the way to solve the problem, since the political leader is primarily expected to be able to overcome difficulties, as well as to clearly see the future. The material for analysis is served by public, official speeches published on the website of the current president of Russia in 2017 in the form of genres most typical for Putin: a press conference, speech and a Direct Line (a special television program). Thanks to the markers of the tactics of admitting and solving the problem, Vladimir Putin shows his readiness to serve the citizens of Russia and take the responsibility for the country. There emerges from the speeches of the mentioned politician the image of leader competent, responsible, decisive but also of representative listening to the nation.
RU
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