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EN
This paper provides a brief description of opinions of Facebook users on a specific example of comments to a few selected fanpages. All chosen comments are official statements of non­‑anonymous Internet users and create a range of language behavior in social media. The author tries to assess whether the „courtesy” of selected judgments stems from moral motives of their authors, or perhaps with generally accepted „netiquette”.
EN
Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), which originated in the natural sciences, has recently been applied to second language acquisition, underlining the interdisciplinary character of this humanistic discipline. According to this theory, language is a complex dynamic system consisting of subsystems which develop in a non-linear way forming different kinds of supportive, competitive, or conditional relationships. What is more, these subsystems compete for the learner’s limited resources, which causes trade-offs within and between such subsystems as complexity, accuracy, and fluency, especially in speech. The present paper constitutes a part of a short series of articles which present different aspects of the same longitudinal case study on the development of L2 English speech at secondary school. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between language accuracy and a number of specific measures of syntactic complexity, i.e. general sentence complexity, subordination, coordination, and nominalisation; as well as lexical complexity, i.e. lexical density, sophistication, and variation, in the case of a good, average, and poor language learner at secondary school. In general, the results showed that the relationships between the selected variables fluctuated over time and often differed in the case of a good, average, and poor language learner.
PL
W życiu codziennym, zwłaszcza rozmawiając z ludźmi młodymi, daje się dostrzec, że posługują się oni często słownictwem zaczerpniętym ze świata wirtualnego. Zjawisko to jest dostrzegalne zwłaszcza w komunikacji pisanej. Przenikanie takiego słownictwa przechodzi również do języka oficjalnego, używanego w mediach, np. w przekazach dziennikarskich. Rozwój technologii teleinformatycznej skierował ewolucję języka w kierunku, który nie zawsze można uznać za właściwy.
EN
In everyday life, especially while talking with young people can be noticed that they often use the vocabulary borrowed from the virtual world. This phenomena is especially visible in the written form of communication. Permeation of such vocabulary occur also in then official language, used in media, e.g. in journalistic transmissions. Development of information technology directed the evolution of language in the way, which not always can be considered as appropriate.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono spostrzeżenia dotyczące nazw funkcjonalnej grupy roślin leczniczych w aspekcie poprawności ich stosowania i odstępstw od zasad językowych. W oparciu o przykłady zaczerpnięte z nazewnictwa polskiego i rosyjskiego – botanicznego oraz ludowego, na tle łacińskiej nomenklatury naukowej – omówiono wybrane rodzaje poprawności (językowa, taksonomiczna, ‘polityczna’) i przedstawiono różne zagadnienia poprawnościowe (leksykalne, semantyczne, gramatyczne i in.).
EN
The article addresses the notion of language correctness in the names of medicinal plants, taking into account both correct usage and the violation of language rules. The author discusses various types of correctness (linguistic, taxonomic, ‘political’) as well as various lexical, semantic and grammatical issues related to the problem. Exemplifications include Polish and Russian names of plants (both botanical and common), which are compared to their Latin scientific equivalents.
EN
Background. The article concerns high level beach volleyball players’ actions and in particular the issues of evaluation. The main object of the analysis is the setting which seems to be an action that can increase the efficiency of the attack. It was assumed that setting skills are very important part of synergistic potential of players. Material and methods. In process of evaluation an original method of observation and a modern approach based on the evaluation criteria of players’ skills proposed by Panfil was used. The study was based on three criteria: correctness, diversity and flexibility. Research materials were the recordings of 12 men’s beach volleyball matches played during the top international tournaments of the 2011 and 2012 FIVB Beach Volleyball SWATCH World Tour. Results. We recorded the number of actions, average level of correctness, diversity and flexibility for each of the selected 20 players. Flexibility was determined by two indexes: dependent flexibility and independent flexibility. Conclusions. It is essential to provide important aspects of the game characteristics and prepare hints for the training process designed for top beach volleyball teams, based on the solutions used by the best teams in the world. Additionally, the paper discussed and verified new tools that expand the general criteria of players’ skills evaluation proposed by Panfil specifically to beach volleyball.
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