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EN
The impact of colonialism and the globalization which continued the process of dependency has initiated numerous changes in the world. None has been of greater social and cultural significance than changes in child-rearing. Using Nigeria as a case study, focusing mainly on the Yoruba of the southwest and the Hausa of the north, the authors seek to draw conclusions on the changes wrought through globalization which can be further tested in other developing countries. By globalization the authors follow James L. Watson's definition, "Cultural globalization, a phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world." This definition includes social, cultural, economic, political and technological forces on the everyday life of peoples, in our case peoples not in the cultural tradition of the Western World and at a power disadvantage in interactions. Specifically, the authors concentrate on how these factors have an impact on all that surround childrearing, from feeding to schooling to social construction of reality.
PL
Africa is currently undergoing rapid globalisation in many areas. This growth is particularly strong through mobile internet connectivity, which is having a considerable impact on economic growth. There were six African countries among the world’s top ten fastest growing economies between 2001 and 2010 – Angola, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Chad, Mozambique and Rwanda (Economist). This article examines the current concerns related to globalisation in Africa. It then moves on to identify specific areas and issues for mission and ministry linked to the phenomenon of globalisation in Africa and elsewhere. It proposes solutions for effective strategies for mission and ministry in this context.  
EN
Africa is currently undergoing rapid globalisation in many areas. This growth is particularly strong through mobile internet connectivity, which is having a considerable impact on economic growth. There were six African countries among the world’s top ten fastest growing economies between 2001 and 2010 – Angola, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Chad, Mozambique and Rwanda (Economist). This article examines the current concerns related to globalisation in Africa. It then moves on to identify specific areas and issues for mission and ministry linked to the phenomenon of globalisation in Africa and elsewhere. It proposes solutions for effective strategies for mission and ministry in this context.
EN
The appreciation of the importance of the avant-garde, and of its re-thinking of the socio- -cultural reality, ensues from its fundamental role for 20th and 21st century art practice and theory. However, in the contemporary global world, asking about the persistence of the avant-garde, we should take into consideration the different social/historical/cultural conditions of the specific geographical regions. In the following article, I focus on postcolonial art in the Republic of South Africa, relating to postmodernism, demonstrating a critical, emancipatory approach and an artistic responsibility for the partial view of the world which the artist co-construes. I try to answer the question of whether we can talk about avant-garde ideas and approaches in South African art, though they have a different background and are not rooted in the tradition of western avant-garde.
PL
Doniosłość rozważań poświęconych awangardzie i jej przemyślenie w zmieniających się warunkach społeczno-kulturowych wynikają z fundamentalnej roli tego ruchu dla praktyki artystycznej i teorii sztuki w wieku XX i XXI. Jednakże we współczesnym globalnym świecie, pytając o trwałość awangardy powinniśmy zastanowić się nad różnymi społeczno-historyczno-kulturowymi uwarunkowaniami w poszczególnych miejscach geograficznych, które bierzemy pod uwagę. W artykule koncentruję się na sztuce Republiki Południowej Afryki, która jest postkolonialna, powiązana z postmodernizmem, która ukazuje podejście krytyczne i emancypacyjne oraz odpowiedzialność artysty/ artystki za częściowy obraz świata, który on/ona współ-konstruuje. Zatem, staram się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy możemy mówić o ideách i postawie awangardowej w sztuce Południowej Afryki, choć wyrastają one na innym podłożu i nie mają korzeni w formacji zachodniej awangardy.
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