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PL
Zaangażowanie stanowi jedną z głównych determinant efektywnego funkcjonowania organizacji. Autorka podejmuje rozważania nad istotą zaangażowania pracowników w organizację. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest prezentacja dysku¬sji na temat roli postawy zaangażowania i sposobów jej kształtowania w organizacjach. Skoncentrowano się na konceptualizacji pojęcia „postawa” i określeniu sposobów kształtowania postaw pracowniczych. W niniejszym opracowaniu podjęto próbę identyfikacji koncepcji istoty zaangażowania, rozumianej jako rodzaj postawy pracownika. Omówiono kształtowanie postawy zaangażowania organizacyjnego w świetle kontraktu psychologicznego. Rozważania tu zawarte skupiają się na przybliżeniu zawartości merytorycznej koncepcji kontraktu psychologicznego oraz zagadnień dotyczących wpływu wypełniania kontraktu psychologicznego na kształtowanie postawy zaangażowania organizacyjnego.
EN
Commitment is one of the main determinants of the effective functioning of the organization. The author considers the nature of employee involvement in the organization. The main objective of this paper is to present a discussion on the role of attitudes such as organizational commitment and approaches fostering its development in organizations. The focus is on a conceptualization of the notion of “attitude” and on identifying ways to shape the attitudes of employees. This study attempts to identify the essence of the concept of organizational commitment understood as a type of employee attitude. The discussion examines the formation of organizational commitment attitudes in light of the psychological contract. Consideration focuses on the substantive content of the psychological contract concept as well as issues relating to the impact of psychological contract performance on the development of organizational commitment attitudes.
EN
Wider and wider scope of research into the influence of participation on the results achieved by companies confirms the belief that the previous results are not satisfactory, and there is a need for conducting further, even deeper surveys which might contribute to drawing less ambiguous conclusions on the basis of the analyses carried out. It is also necessary to improve the definitions of particular forms of financial participation because their different interpretation by various research teams frequently results in obtaining results that differ considerably. This fact does not allow for evaluation of the real level of employees’ participation in those schemes, which in turn does not reflect the results achieved on the grounds of their introduction in companies. The previous research, although not very complex, show that using programs which allow for a participation of employees in profit and/or ownership is often connected with higher efficiency or other benefits achieved by companies and workers. The research into the employees’ attitudes generally show positive relationships between the implemented share ownership programs and employees’ attitudes and behaviors, although the strength of this relation is not very great, or in marginal cases there is absence of such a relation. It is impossible to draw more straightforward causal conclusions because of the cross-section information and short-term data panels. Additionally, there are only a few studies making use of long-term data panel in which it is possible to display positive effects in the longer run. Similar research conducted in the companies using profit sharing show a general, positive impact on efficiency and it is definitely stronger than in the case of employee share ownership schemes. Moreover, in the professional literature there is a shortage of studies which would analyze the mutual interaction of different schemes. One of a few such attempts are the research conducted by G. Braam and E. Poutsma, which make use of the international database of companies, including 5000 of the most important enterprises, which contains financial, marketing and other data. The research were conducted in the period 1992–2006 on the sample of 1878 companies, listed on the Dutch stock.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono pokrótce obszar zainteresowań teoretycznych i badawczych polskiej socjologii pracy, przemysłu i organizacji do czasu społeczno-gospodarczego przełomu transformacyjnego, który zapoczątkował (zdynamizował) w naszym kraju rozwój nauki o zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi. Wiele pojęć i koncepcji wypracowanych na gruncie wymienionych dyscyplin socjologicznych funkcjonuje także w dziedzinie zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi. Zasadnicze różnice polegają na odmiennościach interpretacyjnych. Konotacje socjologiczne tych pojęć eksponują ich funkcje społeczne i niekiedy efektywnościowo-prakseologiczne. Natomiast w ramach nauki o zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi te same pojęcia i zjawiska stanowią elementy systemu działań, które powinny wspierać strategię biznesową organizacji i przyczyniać się do tworzenia wartości ekonomicznych.
EN
The article briefly presents the theoretical and empirical areas of interest of Polish sociology of work, industry, and organization up to the social and economic transformations of 1989 that started (or gave momentum to) the development of human resource management in Poland. Many ideas and concepts currently used in human resource management originated in the mentioned sociological disciplines. Differences lie in the manner of interpretation. The sociological connotations of these concepts stress their social functions, and sometimes their efficiency–praxeological ones as well. On the other hand, human resource management uses them as parts of a system of actions aimed at supporting the business strategy of an organization and creating the economic value.
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