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EN
Up to now, in moist cases, the prime purpose of the panorama conservation has been to restore and increase its mechanical strength. Those oases have been presented and compared with the conservation of the Racławice Panorama. The necessity to reinforce almost the entire surface of the picture in a vertical position has been proved. The parts of the reverse which had been mended (seams, glue joints) were additionally strengthened by local reinforcement applied ”wet” (on small surfaces) — adhesive: Lascaux Acryllkleber 498 HV, carrier; ’’fizeldna”. Strips of reinforcing fabric were pasted on 3 metres below the upper edge of the individual segments in a horizontal position. Relatively small deformations occur in that airea. The work was oarrded out on a convex table (9 m X 3,5 m) in a vacuum pocket. The strips of glass fabric measuring 1,10 m in width and 15 m in length were machine coated with Acryllkleber 498 HV so that the adhesive wias evenly spread. The adhesive was reactivated with toluene prior to lamination which took place in a temperature of ca 65°C for 2—3 sec per surface unit. Additionally, the one metre strip below the upper edge of the segments was reinforced with a very strong polyester fabric — „Trevira” which wias pasted on with Acryllkleber 498 HV. The principal reinforcement was carried out when the segments had already been suspended and intergrated into a picture. The method was the same as applied during the local reinforcement in a horizontal position. The facing was held fast by means of laminated panels (2,5 m X 1>2 m), profiled so as to match the desired shape of the picture surface; the panels were mounted on mobile overhead trolleys. The reinforcement was successfully completed in eight weeks (20 people, 1700 m2 of the surface).
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EN
The great villa and park ensemble of the Medicis in Pratolino near Florence was built in the years 1569-1584 upon the initiative of Francis I, the second grand duce of Tuscany. The peak period of this undertaking was the end of the sixteenth and the entire seventeenth century. Subsequently, Pratolino was ruined by the Lorraine dynasty, the heirs of the Mecicis. In the years 1820-1824 the devastated villa was taken apart and although as late as 1830 it was still planned to rebuild it, in 1872 the premises were sold to the Demidoffs, an aristocratic Russian family. The new owners erected a palace and completed changes in the park, inaugurated already during the first half of the nineteenth century, by transforming the Manneristic „giardinio italiano" into a Romantic-era „English garden". In 1969 the Demidoff family auctioned off the villa and park which were purchased by a real estate company interested in raising flats. This step was a threat to the entire property. Thanks to a campaign carried out by Italian and foreign historians of art, the building was saved from inevitable destruction. Professor Luigi Zangheri, from the Florence Institute of Architecture and Restoration, took upon himself the greatest burden in this campaign for the purchase of the monument, due to its exceptional historical and cultural value; he organized financial means and a staff of specialists who conducted thorough scientific investigations and prepared a programme of conservation. Professor Zangheri is also the author of the first scientific monographic study dealing with the villa and park complex (1979). His energetic efforts made it possible to reconstruct all the elements of Pratolino and its park. The greatest difficulties were, and still are caused by questions concerning the meaning of the complicated ensemble of caves, fountains, artifical mounds, water mirrors etc. Present-day scholars and in particular Professor L. Berti saw in it an illustration of the cognitive interests of the Medici ruler, based on two mutually supplementing topoi: Nature and Art. It has been impossible to determine up to now the identity of the author of the Pratolino programme. The indubitable accomplishment of Zangheri and his team was fact that they preserved from the former Medici „theatrum" all that which was still worthy of saving. The future of Pratolino remains an open question. Will the idea of organizing exhibitions of modern art prove to be a dissonance vis a vis art of days bygone?
EN
The article is a fragment of a M.A. disseration written under the guidance of Ireneusz Płuska in the Department of Conservation of Artworks at the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow. The topic is the conservation of a stone sculpture depicting the Holy Virgin and Child in the church of Staromieście, from the beginning of the fourteenth century. The work conducted on this subject was based on an attempted interpretation of the sculpture, which has no distinct analogies in Polish art. Due to the absence of source and inconographic data, this examination involved an interpretation of the object itself which produced a hypothesis that the sculpture depicts Holy Mary Enthroned, and constitutes a fragment of a large whole - a tympanum or erection stone plate. A comparison with extant works from that period provides an argument for assuming that the tympanum was of an historical or donative nature. An analogous object was discovered among the lapidarium of the Charlieu monastery. Iconographie investigations determined the trend and range of the aesthetic-plastic conservation, the extent and range of reconstruction and the subsequent display of the sculpture. The conservation work resorted to the British version of the traditional limestone method. (translated by A. Rodzińska-Chojnowska)
EN
The paper provides an overview of conservation work carried out in 1996–1998 in the parish church in Szadek, involving renovation of the main altar. The text takes the form of reminiscences of the conservation team members rather than providing detailed descriptions of the different stages of this project. The author has focused on unexpected, surprising facts and developments which occurred in the course of the renovation work. In the final part of the paper the history of the altar is presented against the background of the town’s history.
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EN
The author recalls the history of the castle in Sierakow — its successive owners, redesigning, damage and the circumstances of the reconstruction conducted in recent years. The residence in Sierakow, whose period of splendour coincided with the seventeeenth century, was built on the foundations of an earlier Gothic castle. This combination of a fifteenth-century arrangement of the interior (i. a. without expansive staircases) and the soaring solid of the building, built in a fashion characteristic for Mannerism, as well as the lavish Early Baroque outfitting of the interiors produced an extremely interesting architectonic effect. Today, Sierakow Castle has been partially reconstructed and houses a museum known as the Opaliński Castle-Museum. The original interiors on the ground-floor feature pewter sarcophagi (after conservation) of members of the Opaliński family, and the first floor, gradually filled with elements of former outfitting reconstructed upon the basis of authentic fragments (i. a. tile stoves), is the site of ceremonial meetings held by the town population; the second floor is adapted for the purposes of exhibitions.
EN
Historic buildings subjected to post-1945 revalorization succumb to rapid damage. On the one hand, their state is the outcome of the impact of increased environmental pollution and on the other hand — of imperfect and insufficient conservation expertise in combining old and new technologies and material. Construction-conservation work dealing with historic objects erected with old techniques and traditional material (timber, differently baked bricks, natural and artificial stone, lime mortar, etc.) is conducted upon the basis of a new construction philosophy, resorting to novel techniques and material such as cement, reinforced concrete, paint,etc. In Poland, the progressing destruction of historic buildings conserved by means of new techniques and material has remained unexamined although long-term observations prove that such techniques do not always pass the test. In 1993-1995, a team established by the National Museum in Poznań and cooperating with the Poznań Polytechnic and Ateliers for Research and Conservation of Historical Monuments in Toruń prepared a complex programme for salvaging the Town Hall, based on interdisciplinary studies. The Programme assumes parallel conservation and implementation studies.
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