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EN
The moral views of Lucius Annaeus Seneca express the pragmatic axiology of education which aimed to bring up a Roman citizen, a law-abiding person who followed common sense and an ethical code. At the same time, that citizen was aware of the public good and his self-esteem. These views of Seneca express a stoic concept of the human being’s autonomy. These views have been instrumental in defining the pedagogic ideas and are still significant for contemporary axiology of upbringing. Seneca’s moralia include axiology for education, which focuses on bringing up a human who is wise, reasonable, responsible, and efficient. This axiology is timeless.
Management
|
2012
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
7-15
EN
Management by Values - a strategic dimension This article presents the strategic aspects of the Management by Values concept. The author tries to prove that implementation of this concept in an organization helps to form a stable and competitive organizational culture, which is accepted by the organization’s members. MBV can be defined as a philosophy and practice of management, linking the basic values of the organization with its strategic objectives. It has been assumed that leadership has always been connected with human values. The role of the leader is to manage the organization consistently with its strategic objectives and basic values. This requires that a system of values be created, which members of the organization will adhere to in their work. By making the strategic vision “more human”, the organization can not only survive but also ensure growth with the optimal financial result, using the personal involvement of its internal and external stakeholders.
PL
Management by Values - wymiar strategiczny Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie strategicznych aspektów koncepcji Management by Values. Autor stara się wykazać, iż wykorzystanie w przedsiębiorstwie tej koncepcji umożliwia kształtowanie stabilnej, konkurencyjnej i akceptowanej przez członków organizacji kultury organizacyjnej. MBV można określić jako filozofię i praktykę zarządzania, łączące podstawowe wartości organizacji z jej strategicznymi celami. Przyjmuje się tutaj, że przywództwo w swej istocie, zawsze było związane z wartościami człowieka. Zadaniem przywódcy jest w tym ujęciu kierowanie organizacją zgodnie z jej strategicznym celem i podstawowymi wartościami. Wymaga to stworzenia systemu wartości, którymi kierują się w swoich działaniach członkowie organizacji. ,,Humanizując” wizję strategiczną organizacja może nie tylko przetrwać, lecz także zapewnić sobie wzrost przy optymalnym wyniku finansowym, wykorzystując osobiste zaangażowanie wewnętrznych i zewnętrznych interesariuszy.
EN
Evidentials articulate the source of information on which a statement is based, which means that they also involve the speaker’s position towards the sentence content. In this paper, after defining the subject of the research and describing various typologies of evidential strategies, we analyse the pragmatic values of linguistic expressions that articulate the various degrees of a speaker’s involvement with regard to stated claims, which for their part represent speech acts used to endorse the veracity of a statement. Evidential strategies are frequently used to diminish responsibility for the veracity of claims, that is, they may serve as a means of distancing oneself from the sentence content, a discourse mechanism that the speaker may employ in order to avoid potential negative impacts that overly assertive claims might contain. In defining evidential strategies, we consult linguistic research as well as research on justification logic. The goal of this paper is to show that these terms can be adequately defined only by also taking into account the analysis of pragmatic impacts in a specific communicative and social situation.
IT
Gli evidenziali esprimono l’origine dell’informazione di cui si è in possesso, il che concerne altresì l’atteggiamento del parlante nei confronti del contenuto proposizionale. Nel presente contributo, dopo aver definito l’oggetto delle nostre riflessioni e aver delineato i vari tipi di strategie evidenziali, analizzeremo i valori pragmatici delle espressioni linguistiche che producono diversi gradi di coinvolgimento del parlante verso le sue asserzioni che, a loro volta, rappresentano atti linguistici con cui si sottolinea la verità dell’enunciato. Gli evidenziali sono spesso usati per ridurre il grado di responsabilità riguardo all’attendibilità delle asserzioni, ossia, una strategia evidenziale si può presentare come un tipico dispositivo dissociativo, una risorsa discorsiva a cui si fa ricorso per evitare gli eventuali effetti negativi che possono derivare dall’uso di asserzioni troppo forti. Per definire la classe degli evidenziali intendiamo rifarci agli studi svolti sia nell’ambito della linguistica che in quello della logica di giustificazione. L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è di mostrare che tali nozioni possono essere descritte in modo adeguato solo prendendo in considerazione l’analisi dei loro effetti pragmatici all’interno di un concreto evento comunicativo e sociale.
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