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PL
World-creating. Solar and lunar motifs in children’s poetry by Jerzy Ficowski The subject of inquiries in this sketch is an ancient Slavonic fairy tale About Swaróg Swarożyc by Jerzy Ficowski – a work directed to the youngest readers, which the author describes as a theogonical poem. It launches two main interpretative contexts. The first is the specifics of children’s literature, in particular the role of the child as an active recipient of poetry in which the metaphor gains an advantage over morality. The second one – a look at Ficowski’s childhood artwork of solar and lunar motifs through the prism of pre-Slavic beliefs. In the mythological Slavonic pantheon, it was the mentioned in the title Swaróg, the god of the sun and the fire, who occupied the highest position, at the same time ruling life-giving force and deadly power. The author shows how this heterogeneous, dissonant world of the poet reveals a subjective approach to children, treating them as an equal literary readers. Key words: About Swaróg Swarożyc; children’s poetry; children’s imagination; Slavonic mythology; proto-Slavicism; sun; moon;
PL
Artykuł jest studium leksykologicznym staropolskiej nazwy potrawy giejślic, jednostki notowanej w Słowniku staropolskim i opatrzonej w kartotece tego słownika komentarzem: „Wyraz być może niemiecki”. Autorka, sięgając głównie do niemieckiej literatury językoznawczej i historyczno-kulturowej (brak w zasadzie opracowań polskojęzycznych na ten temat), stara się odpowiedzieć na trzy zasadnicze pytania: czym był giejślic, czy wyraz ten jest rzeczywiście germanizmem, jaka jest w ogóle jego etymologia oraz czy giejślic, żur i kisiel to tożsame potrawy. Efektem tych poszukiwań językoznawczo-historycznych jest prawdopodobnie ogólnosłowiański, a potem również staropolski leksem kisielica, nienotowany w SStp, a zapożyczony przez Niemców w postaci leksemu geislitze z wariantami graficzno-fonetycznymi: geysslitz, giselitz, geislitz, geislaz, geislazn, geesliz, przejętego następnie przez język polski w postaci leksemu giejślic, oznaczającego potrawę nieco inną jednak niż żur i kisiel. Źródłem zaś frazeologizmu siódma woda po kisielu nie są – jak twierdzi się w wielu opracowaniach – popłuczyny w naczyniu po kisielu, ale fakt, że ów kisiel gotowano kilka razy, dolewając do starego zakwasu wodę, rozrzedzając więc ów kisiel kilkakrotnie.
XX
The article is a lexicological study of an Old Polish dish giejślic, an entry listed in Słownik staropolski with the comment in the dictionary file: “The word may be German”. The author, referring mainly to German linguistic and historical-cultural literature (there are generally no Polish-language studies on this subject), tries to answer three basic questions: what was giejślic, is this word really a Germanism, what is in general its etymology and whether giejślic, sour soup and jelly are identical dishes. The result of this linguistic and historical search is probably the all-Slavic, and later also the Old Polish unit kisielica, not listed in Słownik staropolski, and borrowed by the Germans in the form of the geislitze lexeme with graphic and phonetic variants: geysslitz, giselitz, geislitz, geislaz, geislazn, geesliz, adopted by Polish later on in the form of the lexeme giejślic, yet meaning a dish slightly different than sour soup and jelly. The source of the idiomatic expression siódma woda po kisielu ‘the seventh water after jelly’ is not – as many sources claim – the slops in a jelly dish, but the fact that the jelly was boiled several times, adding water to the old leaven, so the jelly was thinned several times.
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