Search results

1

Trend in malaria prevalence among children under five years of age in the Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia: a five-year retrospective study

100%

Chemeda Ifa A.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2018

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issue 4

337-340

2

Prevalence, characteristics, and work-related risk factors of low back pain among hospital nurses in Taiwan: A cross-sectional survey

100%

Lin P.-H., Tsai Y.-A., Chen W.-C., Huang S.-F.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2012

|

vol. 25

|

issue 1

41-50

EN

Background: Low back pain is a common health problem among hospital nurses. However, the prevalence, characteristics, and work-related risk factors of low back pain have not been widely investigated in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey of 217 hospital nurses to gather self-reported information on the prevalence of back pain, demographic and pain characteristics, and work-related risk factors from 178 respondents who indicated a past history of back pain. The association between the characteristics of back pain and work-related risk factors was also examined. Results: The lifetime prevalence of back pain was 82.03%, and the point prevalence of back pain was 43.78%. The mean pain score is 41.67. The number of years at work was significantly associated with the pain score for an individual’s most recent episode of back pain, the extent of bothersomeness of back pain and leg pain, and the extent to which back pain interfered with normal work. Conclusion: Back pain is common among hospital nurses in Taiwan. Years at work are significantly associated with pain severity and disability caused by back pain.

3

Šikana na pracovišti : reliabilita a vilidita českého překladu revidované verze dotazníku negativních aktů - NAQ-R

89%

Cakirpaloglu P., Šmahaj J., Dobešová Cakirpaloglu S., Zielina M.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

|

2017

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vol. 61

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issue 6

546-558

EN

Objectives. The purpose of the study was to translate the revised version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ-R) into the Czech language with a back translation procedure, and to test the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the scale. Sample and setting. The sample consisted of 7103 employees of public, private, and nonprofit organizations from all the regions of the Czech Republic (26.26% men, and 73.74% women, M = 42, SD = 11.03). The variables were assessed by Negative Acts Questionnaire - Revised (NAQ-R), Questionnaire detecting the structure and the dynamics of subjective states (SUPSO) as well as Anamnestic Questionnaire. Statistical analysis. Using softwares R (package „polycor“), SPSS Amos 24 and Statistica 12, calculation of descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s α, Revelle’s β, Pearson and polychoric correlation coefficients, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Results. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the Czech version of the NAQ-R. The total Cronbach’s alpha (0,94) for the 22 behavioural items indicated a high reliability and satisfactory internal consistency of the Czech version of the NAQ-R. The significant correlations between the three factors of the NAQ-R and the seven scales of the SUPSO diagnostic questionnaire suggest a high external validity of the Czech version of the NAQ-R. Study limitations. Although the negative acts questionnaire (NAQ-R) has satisfactory psychometric properties, the method of questioning fails to discern the motivational, emotional and other mental processes including the complex dynamics of formal and informal relationships among employees affected by bullying. The authors recommend the use of mixed approach research design in future studies of workplace bullying. Among the limits of this research are some specifics in the electronic data collection, since only 19.9% of the respondents (9143) fullfiled the complete questionnaire.

CS

Cíle. Cílem studie byl překlad revidované verze Dotazníku negativních aktů (NAQ-R) do českého jazyka a ověření reliability, validity a faktorové struktury škály. Soubor a procedura. Výzkumný vzorek tvořilo 7103 zaměstnanců z veřejného, soukromého a neziskového sektoru ze všech krajů České republiky (26,26 % mužů a 73,74 % žen, M = 42, SD = 11,03). Proměnné byly zaznamenány pomocí NAQ-R, dotazníku zachycujícího psychickou strukturu a dynamiku (SUPSO) a anamnestickým dotazníkem. Statistická analýza. S využitím programů R (package „polycor“), SPSS Amos 24 a Statistica 12 byly provedeny výpočty deskriptivní statistiky, Cronbachova α, Revelleho β, Pearsonových a polychorických korelačních koeficientů, explorační a konfirmační faktorové analýzy. Výsledky. Konfirmační faktorová analýza potvrdila třífaktorovou strukturu českého překladu NAQ-R. Celkové Cronbachovo α pro 22 behaviorálních položek bylo 0,94, což vypovídá o vysoké reliabilitě české verze NAQ-R. Signifikantní korelace mezi třemi faktory NAQ-R a sedmi škálami SUPSO poukázaly na vysokou externí validitu NAQ-R. Omezení studie. Přestože český překlad NAQ-R má uspokojivé psychometrické vlastnosti, není tento dotazník schopen zachytit motivační, emoční a další psychické procesy včetně komplexní dynamiky formálních a neformálních vztahů mezi účastníky šikany na pracovišti. Autoři doporučují v budoucích studiích mobbingu využít kombinaci smíšeného metodologického přístupu. Mezi limity tohoto výzkumu patří jistá omezení elektronického sběru dat vzhledem tomu, že ze 45897 oslovených osob pouze pětina (9143) dokončila vyplňování dotazníku.

4

Prevalence and impacts of low back pain among peasant farmers in South-West Nigeria

88%

Tella B. A., Akinbo S. R., Asafa S. A., Gbiri C. A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2013

|

vol. 26

|

issue 4

621-627

EN

Objectives: A relationship between low back pain (LBP) and poor postures has been previously established with a high prevalence observed in many occupations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of LBP, associated risk factors and impacts on farmers in South-West Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Six hundred and four farmers completed a 36-item closed-ended questionnaire which was translated to Yoruba language with content validity and back translation done afterwards. The questionnaire sought information on demographic data, 12-month prevalence, severity, history, causes and management of LBP, and its impacts on farm activities and the activities of daily living. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics of mean, range, frequency, standard deviation, percentage. Chi² and Mann-Whitney-U test were used to find association between variables. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. Results: The 12-month prevalence of LBP among the respondents was 74.4%. Low back pain was described as moderate in 53.4%. Prolonged bending (51.3%) was the most related risk factor. A considerable proportion (65.9%) of the respondents were unable to continue some of the previously enjoyed activities. Males had significantly higher (p < 0.05) prevalence, recurrence and duration of LBP than the females. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of LBP among farmers in South-West Nigeria. Age, sex and years of involvement in farming have a significant influence on the prevalence of LBP.

5

Low back pain among female nurses in Yemen

88%

Ghilan K., Al-Taiar A., Yousfi N. A., Zubaidi R. A., Awadh I., Al-Obeyed Z.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2013

|

vol. 26

|

issue 4

605-614

EN

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Low Back Pain (LBP) among female nursing staff and explore the potential risk factors associated with LBP. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected female nurses using payroll as a sampling frame in all public hospitals in Sana'a City, Yemen. Data was collected through face-to-face interview using a structured, pre-coded questionnaire that was available in Arabic and English. Weight and height of the nurses were measured using weight and height scales and body mass index was calculated. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with LBP. Results: Out of 696 female nurses selected, 687 (98.7%) responded. The life-time, the 12-month and one-week prevalence rates of LBP among female nurses were 512 (74.5%; 95% CI: 71.1-77.7%), 411 (59.8%; 95% CI: 56.0-63.5%) and 249 (36.2%; 95% CI: 32.6-39.9%), respectively. The prevalence was significantly lower in Indian nurses compared to other nurses. Three out of every 10 nurses with LBP had sick leave because of LBP in the last 12 months. Factors that showed significant association with LBP among nursing staff in the multivariate analysis were age, nationality, menstrual disorders and stress level at work. Conclusion: LBP is common among female nurses in Yemen. The role of menstrual disorders in developing LBP among female nurses seems to be important. Although sharing the same working conditions, Indian nurses were less likely to report LBP, which highlight the importance of cultural differences in willingness to report LBP.

6

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among hairdressers

88%

Aweto H. A., Tella B. A., Johnson O. Y.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2015

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vol. 28

|

issue 3

545-555

EN

Objectives This study has investigated the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), the most commonly affected body parts, the risk factors of WMSDs and the coping strategies adopted by hairdressers. Material and Methods The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive survey design. Two hundred and ninety-nine hairdressers (242 females and 57 males) from salons in Surulere and Mushin Local Government Areas of Lagos State completed a 27-item questionnaire. They were selected using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The inferential analysis was conducted using the Chi² test. The level of significance stood at p < 0.05. Results The 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders stood at 75.6%. Two hundred and twenty-one (91.3%) participants reported gradual onset of musculoskeletal disorders. One hundred and sixteen (47.9%) participants had the onset of the WMSDs at the age range of 26–35 years. The most commonly affected body parts included the low back (76.3%), shoulder (62.5%) and neck (46.3%). Some of the major job risk factors of the WMSDs that were identified included: working in the same position for long periods and attending to a large number of customers in 1 day. Taking sufficient rest breaks by participants was one of the coping strategies adopted by the participants. The mean number of years of working experience was 7.85±0.4 years. One hundred and twenty-four (41.5%) participants had worked for 1–5 years. The Chi² analysis showed that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders were significantly associated with the age of a participant (Chi² = 78.78, p = 0.001), years of working experience (Chi² = 78.03, p = 0.001) and hours spent working in a standing position (Chi² = 8.77, p = 0.01), respectively. Conclusions The age of hairdressers, their years of working and the long hours they spent working in a standing position may be significant factors that contribute to the high prevalence of the WMSDs among them. The most commonly affected body parts included the low back, shoulders and neck.

7

Výchova k zdraviu ako primárna prevencia negatívnych civilizačných vplyvov

88%

Zuzana Nováková Z.

Scientific Bulletin of Chełm - Section of Pedagogy

|

2012

|

issue 1

73- 79

EN

The paper points the opposite terends in current primary prevention implemented in a number of its prevention efforts and the rising prevalence of negative influences of civilization. It underlines the importance of health education on effective primary prevention. It refers to the fulfillment of the conditions for effective primary prevention, health education, which are insufficient for fulfill most current preventive efforts result of inefficiency.

8

STABILISING TRENDS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG 5-14-YEAR-OLDS IN LIECHTENSTEIN BETWEEN 2004 AND 2012

75%

Kühnis J., Erne S.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

|

2014

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vol. 3

|

issue 5

47-52

XX

Background: The worldwide trends in childhood obesity and associated health-related risks are a cause of concern. In view of this alarming tendency continuous monitoring and information on a wide age-range of children is important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe national trends of childhood overweight (ow) and obesity (ob) among 5-14-year-olds in Liechtenstein over a 9-year period. Methods: The study is based on a series of 5 cross-sectional screening examinations conducted at two-year intervals from 2004 to 2012 and includes data of 3,711 children. Boys and girls are equally represented (50.1 % and 49.9 %). BMI was calculated on standardised measurements and classified by using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs. Results: Using IOTF reference, currently 16.6 % of pre-schoolers and school children in Liechtenstein are overweight (incl. obesity), i.e. approximately every 6th child is affected. Over the studied 9-year period, a non-significant decrease in the combined prevalence (owob) was observed in both boys and girls. Gender specific analysis showed that differences between boys and girls were rather weakly expressed, but seemed to increase during school age with a tendency of more overweight boys in secondary school. Conclusions: This study suggests an apparent levelling off in childhood overweight and obesity in Liechtenstein between 2004 and 2012 and corroborates similar findings from other countries.

9

The prevalence, characteristics, and impact of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physical therapists in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia – a cross-sectional study

75%

Kakaraparthi V. N., Vishwanathan K., Gadhavi B., Reddy R. S., Samuel P. S., Alshahrani M. S., Kakaraparthi L., Gannamaneni V. K., Tedla J. S.

Medycyna Pracy

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2021

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vol. 72

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issue 4

363-373

EN

BackgroundPhysical therapists are known to be susceptible to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), but the prevalence of WMSDs in Saudi Arabia has not been documented. This study aimed to establish the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of WMSDs among physical therapists in Saudi Arabia.Material and MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 113 physical therapists in Saudi Arabia using a 6-component questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, incidence, percentages, and χ2 test were used for data analysis.ResultsThe response rate was 68.8%. The reported 12-month incidence of WMSDs was 83.8%. The low back (63.7%) was the most common site of these disorders, followed by the neck (59.2%), while the hip/thigh (4.4%) was the least involved body part. Incidence was related to gender: females were more affected than males (neck, shoulders, low back); age: younger therapists were more affected than older ones (shoulders, low back); working sector: government sector workers were more affected than those employed in other sectors (neck); and specialty: orthopedic specialists were the most frequently affected, followed by those specializing in neurology (thumbs, upper back, knees, ankle/foot). Most of the physical therapists had >5 periods of neck, shoulder, and low-back WMSDs. The most important risk factor for WMSDs was treating more patients in a day (47.7%). The most frequently adopted handling strategy identified to combat WMSDS was modifying the patient’s position (62.8%).ConclusionsOverall, WMSDs among physical therapists in Saudi Arabia are common, with the low back and the neck constituting the most frequently affected body regions. Professional experience and the awareness of ergonomics principles can help prevent the early development of WMSDs among physical therapists. Med Pr. 2021;72(4):363–73

10

The prevalence of dyspnea in the adult Polish population

75%

Undrunas A., Bandosz P., Rutkowski M., Puch-Walczak A., Kuziemski K., Zdrojewski T.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2022

|

vol. 35

|

issue 6

747-752

EN

Objectives Dyspnea is one of the most predominant symptom in clinical practice. There is a lack of data about incidents of dyspnea among Polish adults therefore it would be important to establish prevalence of this symptom before COVID-19 pandemic to assess the impact of this infection on the functioning of the adult Polish population in the future. The aim of the study was to establish prevalence of dyspnea in adult Polish population. Material and Methods It was an observational-cross-sectional study, with representative sample of adult Poles aged 18–79 years. The 2413 participants were surveyed. Responders were asked if and when dyspnea occurs and what is its severity in relation to one of four categories (A, B, C, and D) describing the impact of dyspnea on reduced exercise tolerance and daily activities. Results The 67.1% of the respondents answered negatively to all question about experiencing dyspnea (females (F) 61% vs. males (M) 74%, p < 0.05). Dyspnea only during intense physical exertion (A), was reported by 22.8% (F 26.2% vs. M 19.2%, p = 0.07). Dyspnea limiting daily activities (B, C and D) was reported by 10.1% (F 13.1% vs. M 7%, p < 0.05). Significant differences in the severity of dyspnea were found between the age groups. People diagnosed with chronic heart failure or lung diseases significantly more often reported dyspnea than people without these conditions. Conclusions Every tenth Pole reported dyspnea limiting performing activities of daily living. Additionally, about 20% of Poles experienced dyspnea considered as "gray area," only during intense physical exertion, that requires deepening and clarifying the medical history.

11

Reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use accompanying legislative changes in tobacco policy in Poland in the years 2010–2019

75%

Opoczyńska-Świeżewska D., Raciborski F., Samoliński B.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2022

|

vol. 35

|

issue 4

393-405

EN

ObjectivesTobacco use is one of the most serious public health problems. Each year, it contributes to preventable disability and death of 8 million people worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the change in the prevalence of tobacco and e-cigarettes use among Polish adults in the years 2010–2019 and the potential impact of legislative interventions on tobacco consumption in Poland.Material and MethodsThe research was based on an analysis of secondary data obtained from a cross-sectional study as part of the public opinion monitoring in Poland. The study was carried out in 2 editions (2010 and 2019) on representative samples of approximately 1000 Polish residents >18 years of age.ResultsThe proportion of traditional cigarette smokers decreased from 30.4% to 26.0% in the years 2010–2019 (p < 0.05). In the male group decreased from 40.3% to 31.0% (p < 0.001); among females, the values remained at the same level (21.3%). The greatest change in the percentage of current smokers was recorded in cities with ≥500 000 inhabitants (from 30.3% to 17.1%) and <100 000 inhabitants (from 31.5% to 24.6%) (p < 0.05). The total support for the new legal regulations increased from 73.9% to 89.8% (p < 0.001). The use of e-cigarettes in 2019 declared only 1.9%.ConclusionsThe percentage of adult traditional cigarette smokers decreased significantly between 2010 and 2019 (mainly among men). Among women, the percentage of cigarette smokers remained the same. The most significant declines in cigarette smoking were also observed among residents of the largest cities (≥500 000 inhabitants). During the same period, there was a further increase in the acceptance of legal restrictions on smoking cigarettes in public places. E-cigarette use among adults is a niche phenomenon in Poland, but it is much more prevalent among women than men.

12

A spatial study on Keshan disease prevalence and selenoprotein P in the Heilongjiang Province, China

75%

Wang Y., Zhang X., Wang T., Hou J., Guo Z., Han X., Zhou H., Liang H., Xing Z.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2021

|

vol. 34

|

issue 5

659-666

EN

ObjectivesFew spatial studies on Keshan disease (KD) prevalence and serum selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels have been reported in the Heilongjiang Province, China. This study aimed to investigate the spatial relationships between KD prevalence, SELENOP levels, and the socio-economic status for the precise prevention and control of KD.Material and MethodsThe study was carried out in all the 66 KD endemic counties in the Heilongjiang Province using a non-probability sampling method of a key village survey based on county-wide case-searching. The participants completed a questionnaire and had their serum SELENOP levels measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thematic maps were created, and spatial regression analysis was performed by ordinary least squares using ArcGIS 9.0.ResultsOverall, 53 676 residents were surveyed based on case-searching, and blood samples were collected from 409 residents. In total, 50 chronic KD cases were identified with a total prevalence of 9.3/10 000 population. The prevalence in the Tangyuan County was the highest (250/10 000 population). The mean serum SELENOP level was 13.96 mg/l. The spatial regression analysis showed that KD prevalence positively correlated with SELENOP levels and negatively with per capita disposable income among rural residents.ConclusionsThe Tangyuan County should be considered for the precise prevention and control of KD. Further research is necessary to verify the reliability of SELENOP for estimating body selenium levels, and to better understand the relationship between selenium intake and KD in the investigated area.

13

A description of musculoskeletal injuries in a Canadian police service

75%

Lentz L., Voaklander D., Gross D. P., Guptill C. A., Senthilselvan A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2019

|

vol. 33

|

issue 1

59-66

EN

ObjectivesPolice officers run a risk of injury that is higher than in most other occupations. This study aims to quantify injury prevalence and identify common musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) among police officers, using injury data from a municipal police service in Alberta, Canada.Material and MethodsThis is a descriptive study based on a secondary data analysis of the MSIs reported to the police service over a 41-month period; January 1, 2013 – June 2, 2016. Data from 1325 active police officers were examined, and injury prevalence was reported according to sex, injury diagnosis, the body part injured, and the work area.ResultsThe prevalence of strains and sprains was very high, at 89.2%. The back and shoulder were most frequently affected. Overall, injury proportions did not differ significantly across work areas. The injury risk was age-related but no significant differences in injuries between sexes were identified.ConclusionsMinor injuries such as strains and sprains occur frequently in the police occupation. Future research should focus on specific risk factors for MSIs in police officers in order to aid prevention.

14

The prevelance of metabolic syndrome on the sample of paramedics

75%

Rębak D., Suliga E., Grabowska U., Głuszek S.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2018

|

vol. 31

|

issue 6

741-751

EN

Objectives The term metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the coexistence of interlinked risk factors of metabolic origin, contributing to the development of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular diseases as well as type 2 diabetes and their cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study is the assessment of the prevalence of MetS among paramedics of the Świętokrzyskie Center of Emergency Medical Services, depending on the adopted diagnostic criteria. Material and Methods The study included 140 paramedics (2 women and 138 men), aged 23–60 years old (median = 43 years, average age = 41.5 years, standard deviation = 10.8 years). The age distribution of the subjects was significantly different from the normal distribution (p-value < 0.0001). The oldest age group (50 years old and above) was overrepresented by nearly a half compared to the youngest group (up to 29 years old). Metabolic syndrome was defined on the basis of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria from 2005 and IDF in agreement with the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) from 2009. Results According to the IDF/2005 criteria, in which the necessary condition is the diagnosis of central obesity, MetS was recorded in 26.4% of the subjects (37 people). This is statistically significantly less often than the IDF/AHA/NHLBI/2009 definition of p = 0.001 – 35%. The frequency of the MetS occurrence was statistically significantly related to the age of the subjects and the age groups. Conclusions The prevalence of the MetS in the subject group is evaluated to be significant. The prevalence of MetS is diversified by the applied diagnostic criteria with age being the factor increasing its frequency. The most common factor influencing the prevalence of MetS is blood pressure and waist circumference. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(6):741–751

15

The relationship between antibiotic therapy in early childhood and the symptoms of allergy in children aged 6–8 years - the questionnaire study results

75%

Raciborski F., Tomaszewska A., Komorowski J., Samel-Kowalik P., Białoszewski A. Z., Walkiewicz A., Lusawa A., Szymański J., Opoczyńska D., Drużba M., Borowicz J., Lipiec A., Kapalczynski W. J., Samoliński B.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2012

|

vol. 25

|

issue 4

470-480

EN

Introduction: Studies based on the ISAAC questionnaire suggest a correlation between the use of antibiotics and the prevalence of asthma and allergy in children aged 6-7 years. The number of courses of antibiotic therapy is an important factor. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the use of antibiotics during the fi rst years of life and the prevalence of allergy and asthma among children (aged 6-8 years) in the urban population of Poland. Materials and Methods: A survey-based study with a self-completed questionnaire. The respondents were parents of children aged 6-8 years living in Warszawa, Poland. 1461 completed questionnaires were collected. Results: Asthma was declared in 4.3% of the children. Wheezing and/or sibilant rhonchi within 12 months before the study was observed in 13.5% of the cases. Asthma medication was taken by 21.8% of the children. Allergic rhinitis was declared in 18.7% of the children. Problems with sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion not associated with cold or fever were observed in 40.7% of the children. The a nalysis of the odds ratios between the use of antibiotics and the symptoms of allergic diseases revealed a clear correlation. The highest odds ratio was observed between the completion of over three courses of antibiotic therapy prior to the age of 12 months and the declaration of one of the following: asthma (OR = 5.59, 95% CI: 2.6-12.01), wheezing and/or sibilant rhonchi (OR = 4.68, 95% CI: 3.01-7.27) and taking medicines for breathlessness (OR = 5.12, 95% CI: 3.42-7.68). Conclusions: There is a direct relationship between antibiotic use in the fi rst 3 years of life and asthma and allergy symptoms in children aged 6-8 years old.

16

High prevalence of household pesticides and their unsafe use in rural South India

75%

Chitra G. A., Kaur P., Bhatnagar T., Manickam P., Murhekar M. V.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2013

|

vol. 26

|

issue 2

275-282

EN

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of usage, unsafe practices and risk perception regarding household pesticides in a rural community of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional survey we used a pre-tested questionnaire and trained interviewers to collect information on household pesticide use for the past 6 months from any adult member of randomly selected households. Results: Out of 143 households, 95% used at least one household pesticide (95% CI: 93.5-99.5) and 94% used at least one household pesticide specifically for mosquito control. The most commonly used pesticides were mosquito coils (75%), mosquito liquid vaporizers (36%), ant-killing powder (24%) and moth/naphthalene balls (18%). The major non-chemical methods of pest control were rat traps (12%) and mosquito bed nets (7.5%). Out of the mosquito coil users, 61% kept the windows and doors closed while the coil was burning. Out of the moth ball users, 88% left them in the place of use till they fully vaporized. Nearly half of the users did not know that household pesticides were harmful to their health and the health of their children. Conclusions: The use of household pesticides was highly prevalent in this rural community. The prevalence of unsafe practices while handling them was also high. We recommend that the users of household pesticides be educated about the health hazards and about safe practices and non-chemical methods of pest control be promoted.

17

Prevalence návykového chování u dětí v 11 a 15 letech v rámci studie ELSPAC

75%

Novotný J. S., Okrajek P.

Psychologie a její kontexty

|

2012

|

vol. 3

|

issue 1

27-35

EN

Addictive behavior in children and adolescents represents a risk factor, which has in most cases a significant negative impact on the development of individual in adolescence, as well as the negative consequences in adulthood. The paper describes the prevalence of addictive behavior in a group of more than 1,600 children and adolescents at the ELSPAC study. The results are consistent with other studies and showed relatively high prevalence of addictive behavior, especially in the smoking and alcohol consumption (over 70% of respondents). Another finding is that girls are significantly more vulnerable group than boys.

18

Women performing repetitive work: Is there a difference in the prevalence of shoulder pain and pathology in supermarket cashiers compared to the general female population?

75%

Sansone V., Bonora C., Boria P., Meroni R.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2014

|

vol. 27

|

issue 5

722-735

EN

Objectives: Shoulder disorders in the occupational environment have been widely studied, but the quality of research and methodology applied vary. Little has been done to ascertain whether shoulder pain in female repetitive workers is due to any verifiable pathology, or to compare findings with the general population. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported shoulder pain in a group of female supermarket cashiers and in the general female population using a standardized questionnaire. Shoulder pain prevalence was then compared to imaging findings in order to assess specific and non-specific pain prevalence. Material and Methods: 196 cashiers and 302 controls filled in a standardized shoulder questionnaire and underwent an imaging examination of a shoulder. Results: The prevalence of shoulder pain was significantly higher in the group of cashiers (46.4%) than in the general population (25.5%) (OR = 1.821; 95% CI: 1.426–2.325). Specific pain prevalence was higher among the controls (19.5%) than among the cashiers (13.2%). Conclusions: The more frequent reports of shoulder pain in the supermarket cashiers are not correlated with a higher prevalence of imaging abnormalities. The causes of these more frequent complaints should be probably sought in the psycho-social and occupational environment.

19

Prevalence of low back pain in non working rural housewives of Kanpur, India

75%

Gupta G., Nandini N.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2015

|

vol. 28

|

issue 2

313-320

EN

Objectives Housewives are nucleus of families but as the working, living, and social architecture in the rural areas significantly differ from developed or urban area, the results of urban population cannot be generalized. Hence the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the prevalence of low back pain in non working rural housewives. Also an attempt has been made to determine the impact of social burden on low back pain (LBP). Material and Methods A sample of 301 non working rural housewives of Kanpur, aged between 30–70 years was selected. Hindi version of 3 appropriate scales Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, Oswestry disability index and Zarit burden interview measuring musculoskeletal discomfort, low back disability and social burden were given to all the housewives. Results Analysis of data reveals that both recent and yearly prevalence of LBP in rural housewives is 83%. More than 50% housewives have severe disability due to their LBP. Correlational analysis has shown that there is a significant impact of social burden on their disability due to low back pain. Conclusions The findings of the present study suggest that 83% of the non working rural housewives have low back pain and activity restriction due to their pain. They have significant impact of social burden on their low back pain. High prevalence (83%) of low back pain among rural housewives is an alarming sign for our society. Better health-care measures to enhance rural housewives education about good posture, ergonomic measures, health schemes, health awareness, and activity pacing could help rural housewives.

20

Prevalence of burnout among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors – a scoping review

75%

Stodolska A., Wójcik G., Barańska I., Kijowska V., Szczerbińska K.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2023

|

vol. 36

|

issue 1

21-58

EN

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic exerted significant mental burden on healthcare workers (HCWs) operating in the frontline of the COVID-19 care as they experienced high levels of stress and burnout. The aim of this scoping review was to identify prevalence and factors associated with burnout among HCWs during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Studies were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: cross-sectional, longitudinal, case-control, or qualitative analyses, published in peer-reviewed journals, between January 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. Studies carried out on other occupations than healthcare workers or related to other pandemics than COVID-19 were excluded. Following the abstract screen, from 141 original papers identified, 69 articles were eventually selected. A large variation in the reported burnout prevalence among HCWs (4.3–90.4%) was observed. The main factors associated with increase/ decrease of burnout included: demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, financial situation, family status, occupation), psychological condition (psychiatric diseases, stress, anxiety, depression, coping style), social factors (stigmatisation, family life), work organization (workload, working conditions, availability of staff and materials, support at work), and factors related with COVID-19 (fear of COVID-19, traumatic events, contact with patients with COVID-19, having been infected with COVID-19, infection of a colleague or a relative with COVID-19, higher number of deaths observed by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic). The findings should be useful for policy makers and healthcare managers in developing programs preventing burnout during the current and future pandemics. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(1):21–58

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