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HR
Prevoditelji su dio institucionalizirane prijevodne književnosti zajedno s organizacijama prevoditelja, književnom kritikom, izdavačkim kućama i časopisima. Igrali su vrlo važnu ulogu u Narodnoj Republici Poljskoj. Komunistička ih je partija smatrala gnijezdom opozicije. Prva poljska organizacija prevoditelja osnovana je tek 1981., nakon više godina neuspjelih pokušaja, što nije slučajno, za vrijeme najveće popularnosti sindikata Solidarnost. Prijevodna je književnost bila dio kulturnih veza s inozemstvom koje su pak bile dio vanjske politike i međunarodnih odnosa i kao takve su se nalazile pod potpunom kontrolom države. Politička je ideologija faktor koji u najvećoj mjeri tječe na kulturnu politiku. Unatoč svim izvanknjiževnim ograničenjima, prijevodna je književnost, kao i kulturne veze s inozemstvom, imala veću slobodu nego druge kulturne institucije zato što je vlast htjela izgraditi pozitivnu sliku zemlje, pogotovu za stranog recepijenta. Položaj prevoditelja u Narodnoj Republici Poljskoj bio je blizak Horacijevu modelu prevođenja, akt pregovaranja u kojem sudjeluju patron (u ovome slučaju država), dva jezika i kulture.
EN
Translators are a part of institutionalized translation literature together with organizations of translators, literary critics, publishing houses, and magazines. They played a very important role in The Polish People’s Republic. The Polish Communist Party treated them as nest of oppositionists. The first organization of translators, Association of Polish Translators and Interpreters, was established after years of failed attempts in 1981, not accidentally at the time of the biggest popularity of Solidarity. Translation literature was a part of cultural contacts with abroad which were a part of the foreign policy of the state. This particular sphere was under control of the state. Political ideology was the most important factor which influenced cultural policy. Despite those extratextual constraints translators and the sphere of cultural contacts with abroad had a little bit more freedom than other cultural institutions because the political authority wanted to create a positive picture of the country, especially for the foreign receiver. The position of the translator in The Polish People’s Republic was close to The Horace Model of translation. He had to negotiate between a patron (in our case state) and two languages and cultures.
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