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Konsumpcja w Republice Korei

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PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie konsumpcji prywatnej w Korei Południowej oraz wykazanie, że jej charakter jest m.in. efektem przyspieszonego rozwoju w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Analizie poddano przyczyny niskiego poziomu konsumpcji prywatnej względem PKB i niskiej dynamiki wzrostu w ostatnich latach. Ponadto porównano strukturę wydatków konsumpcyjnych gospodarstw domowych w Polsce i Korei i wyjaśniono podstawowe różnice. Szczegółowo omówiono wysoki poziom wydatków na restauracje i hotele, edukację, ochronę zdrowia i łączność, wykazując, że wynikają one z szybkiego tempa życia w Korei, powszechnego pędu za karierą i nowoczesnością.
EN
The article describes the dynamics and character of private consumption in South Korea. The author argues that the patterns and low growth rate of Korea’s consumption habits are to some extent influenced by the rapid economic growth the country went through in the second half of the 20th century. She discusses the low volume of imports of consumer goods and the Korean passion for luxury goods. The article includes a comparison between consumer spending in Korean and Polish households, highlighting spending on hotels and restaurants, education, healthcare, communication, etc. The author explains that Korea’s high expenditure in these areas are linked to a fast pace of life, career-orientation and fascination with modernity, typical characteristics of this fast-developing nation.
EN
The article aims to analyze the socio-economic impact of the governmental support program “Family 500+”. This program consists in paying monthly benefits to parents bringing up children. In this way, it influences the growth of private consumption and contributes to the stimulation of the economic growth. However, the main goal of the program is to improve the fertility rate and social conditions of large families. In particular, the elimination of the phenomenon of extreme poverty. The article will attempt to answer the question to what extent the main objectives of the program have so far been implemented. In addition, possible changes to the design of the program will be considered so that it can meet its objectives more effectively.
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