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EN
Middle Eastern peace talks, which were resumed between representatives of the State of Israel and State of Palestine at the end of July 2013 again sparked hopes that conflict, which roots go back to the beginning of the 20th century, has a chance for a peaceful solution. This optimism was tempered, however, by previous experiences, when talks ended without bringing expected results and brought only disappointment for both sides of the conflict. One of the biggest obstacles to reaching an agreement is the presence of Israeli settlements in the Occupied Territories, which number and size undermine the possibility of establishment of a sovereign and territorially homogeneous Palestinian State. The aim of the article is to analyse the Israeli settlement policy in the Occupied Territories from historical perspective, allowing to trace its development during the periods of leftist and rightist governments, and also in the context of the Middle Eastern Peace Process and international law. Special attention will be given to the ideological base of Israeli policy towards occupied territories and how ideological changes in Israeli society can affect prospect for peace.
EN
Characteristic of morphology and the identification of process category structure of are a crucial stage of its implementation within enterprises as well as it determines the final effects of processes realization, which is producing and realization of added value for market participants. In this paper author describe the essence of added value, its functions and factors that form this category in the understanding of the constant-flow organization that is set on realized processes. Performing analysis related to creation and realization of the added value, in the context of the basic aims of functioning organization of processes and establishing perception means and interpreting the creation of added value within the processes of customer and enterprise environment.
EN
This study sets out an original concept of the decomposition process of insurance operations. The first part of the paper presents the concept of the process, the process-based approach and process management. The further part identifies the processes carried out in insurance companies and discusses the purposes of implementing them. The final part of the study presents an example of the practical application of the process-based approach to issues of financial management of an insurance company.
EN
The article offers a metapoetic reading of Herondas’ second Mimiamb, in which Battaros should be identifi ed with Callimachus, Thales with Apollonius of Rhodes and Myrtale with the poetic production of Callimachus himself. According to this approach, the real aim of the mimiamb could be the ironic description of Callimachus (portrayed as a greedy brothel-keeper) accusing Apollonius of stealing his poems: the Koan jury (probably the poets around Philetas) will have to judge, in fact, a case of plagiarism.
EN
The purpose of this paper is to formulate the problem of managing and mitigating the risks involved in the activities of business organisations operating in both domestic and international markets in the light of the fact that international markets are unstable. In the absence of coherent, unified and widespread mitigation mechanisms at the level of national economies and in the face of the speculative strategies being commonly adopted by businesses, international financial markets are becoming increasingly turbulent and companies must cope with rising expenses. Risk management should be a comprehensive process involving all aspects of the company’s business. It can be defined as taking a proactive approach to any potential risks and choosing an appropriate strategy for a given company to minimise the dangers it may face.
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In the publicationthe authorsuggests thatthe main goal ofthe implementationprocess approachandprocess management is to makeraisingthe efficiency of thebusiness organization. For this purpose, are discussed the keydifferencesbetweenthe process and thefunctionalapproachandis characterizedthe conceptof efficiency. This publication presentsan originalmethodology of process managementin order to improvethe efficiency of thecompany.
EN
One of the ways of reaching the desired market position by a company is to create customer value corresponding to his preferences. Among the value creation processes there is an important place assigned to logistics. It contributes to customer value creation by offering place and time utility for customers. Logistics may be supported in value creation by other cross-sectional management concepts, such as Customer Relationship Management, Business Process Reengineering, Lean Management, Total Quality Management, Time Based Management or Efficient Consumer Response.
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EN
The nature and definition of resilience, despite the extensive 40 years of research, is still unclear. Currently is resilience seen as a personality trait, sum of the traits/factors, result of adaptation, or as a process. The concept of resilience as personality traits is usually tied to uni-dimensional or "simplex" theories of resistance as Hardiness, Sense of Control, Ego-Resiliency, Self-efficacy, Sense of Coherence, or specific personality traits. Multidimensional concepts see resilience as a complex of personality and social (environmental) factors that work in interaction, complement or replace each other, and, in aggregate, create a comprehensive picture of resilience. The concept of resilience as the result of adaptation examines resilience in terms of the presence/absence of adverse/pathological manifestations, consequences and outcomes in relation to the earlier effect of stressful, risky or otherwise unfavorable situations. Finally, the concept of resilience as the process examines individual's response to risk factors or wounds that are present in the environment. Resilience is thus a process consisting of interactions between individual characteristics and the environment. Most experts and a large part of resilience research is based on the first three concepts that however explore how "resilient" the individual is rather than resilience itself, since they are based on "diagnosing" or at best dimensional, at worse dichotomous rating of the individual's resilience (within personality trait approach), or on the evaluation of the presence/absence of factors/source of resilience, thereby they are still holding the "diagnostic" approach (within multidimensional approach). Only the examination of processes, such as the ongoing interaction between these risk factors, resilience factors, outcomes (expressions of personality, behavior, presence of problems, etc.) and other variables allows us to understand resilience (the true nature of how resilience takes place). In other words, research on interactions between trait factors (e.g. self-esteem), relational factors (e.g. relationship networks), the risks and outcomes is important for understanding HOW and WHEN resilience acts.
EN
The paper is dedicated to constructing a method for the probabilistic analysis of the functioning a certain production-supply system. Previously a set of partial differential equations has been derived satisfied by the joint density function of the state of a three-dimensional process characterizing the functioning of the system. The operation of the system at the boundaries of the stock levels is analyzed. Two sets of differential equations have been derived, one describing the operation of the system when the stock level is zero and one describing the operation of the system when the stocks are full.
EN
The paper is devoted to building a probabilistic method of analyzing the operation of a certain production supply system. The analysis is carried out for non-extreme states of the level in store, into which two separate streams of production (the product) are directed. A system of partial differential equations describing this case was derived which is satisfied by the joint density function defining the probabilities of states of the three-dimensional process characterizing the system’s functioning.
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EN
There are many misconceptions about what is called “integral education”. We propose an integral approach to education based on the historical thinking of John Dewey and on the more recent AQAL concept by Ken Wilber. At the centre of integral education, there is a Subject. Subject equals his/her perspective. Integral education is a process of constructing/creating perspectives in the subject. We propose that four main perspectives can be applied to the educational process and the Integral Education Matrix includes these perspectives. The matrix can be a useful tool for planning actions and outcomes in the process of education.
EN
Firm growth is a central topic in the literature on entrepreneurship, strategic management and industrial organization, among others. For an individual entrepreneurial firm, growth is an evidence of the return of the entrepreneur’s investment and self-fulfillment. Growth is also a condition of survival for young and small businesses, as growing firms are found less vulnerable to failure than non-growers (Stam et al., 2006). The macroeconomic importance of firm expansion was recognized in the 1980s, when the phenomenon of gazelles or high-growth firms was first described as those capable of intense size increases within a limited time span (Birch, 1981; Birch & Medoff, 1994; Birch et al., 1994; Storey, 1994; Coad, 2009; Acs et al., 2008). According to empirical research gazelles form a small fraction of business population. However, they represent a disproportionally large share in new job creation (Storey, 1994; Coad 2009; Stam et al., 2006; Acs et al., 2008). Growing firms are also more likely to generate innovations, specifically product innovations involving technological advancements (Coad, 2009; Schreyer, 2000; Storey, 1994; Smallbone et al., 1995). Both researchers and policy makers interested in expansion, focus on rapidly growing firms and on small and medium-sized enterprises. This interest in high-growth enterprises is justified by the observation that the remaining population either grows slowly or does not perform any expansion (Coad, 2009). At the same time, gazelles are predominantly young, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The dynamics and economic contribution of firms’ growth are negatively associated with age and size, which corresponds to the observation that job losses are generated mainly by the established, large and non-growth firms (Acs et al., 2008). As firm expansion and growth have proved to be a condition for competitive advantage both at the level of individual firms and at the level of the economy at large, the phenomenon of firm growth has become a focus of research. One of the main purposes of this increasingly preeminent research stream is to provide recommendations for firm management and for economic policy, undergoing the risks and challenges in achieving expansion. However, in order to provide these recommendations, we need to better comprehend the entrepreneurial motivations and the attitudes towards growth, the stimuli and impediments to company growth, the potential mechanisms to firm growth and modes of expansion. This special issue seeks to contribute to the knowledge base on the growth process of entrepreneurial firms, which is an emerging stream of research on firm growth. This emerging stream complements the existing perspectives on expansion, which are more focused on: 1) companies’ internal adaptation mechanisms, as reflected in life cycle models, and on 2) determinants and predictors of firm growth (Dobbs & Hamilton, 2006; McKelvie & Wiklund, 2010). We present the focus provided in this special issue as complementary to existing approaches, aiming also to contribute with new findings in addressing some yet underexplored areas. The emerging stream of growth process refers to why and how growth is implemented through proactive entrepreneurial actions and decision-making processes, which are presented in complex organizational and environmental contexts, including cause-effect mechanisms in the history of company development. This holistic approach is a constituent feature of studies on the growth process. It differentiates from the currently dominating focus on the determinants of individual firm’s growth and from the earlier stage models of internal adaptation to the challenges imposed by expansion. In the following sections of this introductory paper, we discuss first the stream of research on the growth process in connection with the extant literature on firm growth. Then we highlight the contribution of the individual papers included in this special issue as well as the contribution aimed at by the entire issue as a whole. Finally, the conclusion delineates some potential pathways for further research as a result of the findings provided by the special issue.
PL
W artykule omówiono istotę i znaczenie zjawiska empowermentu w funkcjonowaniu przedsiębiorstw zorientowanych w zarządzaniu na procesy, a także zdefiniowano orientację na procesy w zarządzaniu, wskazano cechy przedsiębiorstwa zarządzanego procesowo oraz zaprezentowano empowerment pracowników jako kluczowy element takiego podejścia. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wskazanie niedostatków w tym zakresie w praktyce badanych przedsiębiorstw.
EN
The paper discusses the essence and meaning of the phenomena of empowerment in the functioning of process-oriented enterprises. The article defines process-oriented management, indicates the features of a process-managed enterprise and presents the empowerment of workers as a key-element of this approach. The author particularly focuses on pointing out scarcities in this respect in the practice of the researched companies.
Organizacija
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2011
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vol. 44
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issue 4
145-150
EN
Business process management (BPM) and business process outsourcing (BPO) play an important role in organizations helping them ensure competitiveness and competitive advantages and increase efficiency and effectiveness. Our study analyzes the role of outsourcing in Slovenian organizations. Data was obtained through a survey and interpreted with descriptive statistics, frequency statistics and Wilcoxon's signed ranks test. According to the results of statistical analysis there is 95% reliability that the degree of outsourcing of business processes in Slovenian organizations will increase and this applies to most business processes. Thus we can conclude that Slovenian organizations are following the trends in global markets and are adjusting to them as well.
EN
This paper presents an elementary logical proof of time irreversibility. To this effect, we construct a simple mathematical model of a process, which can demonstrably be shown to be irreversible in the sense that it cannot be reproduced in a backward direction by the very conditions of its construction. To model this process we employ a puzzle problem (paradox) referred to in the literature as “Austin’s Dog” or “Trojan Fly”.
EN
Media play an important role in social and personal life. They affect opinion forming, promote trends and shape skills and attitudes. Their impact is enormous. Media can have both positive and negative influence, as they are addressed to adults and young people, whose opinions and characters have not yet crystallised. Thus the question about the extent to which the media shape abilities pertaining to the recognition of individual educational needs and learning, which is “(…) the foundation for success at school, in continuing education and in professional life.” Results of research conducted among lower secondary school students provide answers to these questions.
EN
This paper is an adventure of ideas. More specifically, it is a continuation of the adventure of ideas concerning the relations between creativity and logic at the level of being one finds in the work of Whitehead and his interpreters/inheritors. The “argument” of the paper, such as it is, is that ontological creativity may be fruitfully described by two logical functions, one exploding the movement from possibility to actuality, and the other from actuality to possibility. The paper explores both functions, or “senses,” as fruitful ways of understanding ontological creativity, especially within processual (Whiteheadian and Bergsonian) thought. The two senses of creativity, the paper also argues, ought to be understood as primitive and inexorably “together.”
EN
The NATO Defence Planning Process (NDPP) is the most important element affecting the Alliance's defence posture. Under the process states commit themselves to provide capabilities and forces required to fulfil NATO missions, defined in the NATO Strategic Concept. The NDPP directly affects national defence plans by harmonizing them with identified security and defence objectives as well by influencing development of the novel national defence capabilities. The emergence of new threats in the NATO environment, demands modifications in the defense planning process and establishing new goals for the Alliance. Enhancement of the NDPP should be priority during the time of unrest.
EN
The development of information technology, increase demand for mental work, shortening product life cycle and competing of the quality meant that knowledge is widely considered to be one of the most important resources of the organization. Taking into account activities related to the process of knowledge management (such as the acquisition of knowledge from the environment, identifying its in the organization, knowledge sharing) and their sources (internal and external stakeholders) can be noted that any knowledge management requires the involvement of employees. Based on the analysis of the employees engagement was found that managing knowledge should be supported by the affective commitment and focused on work organization and environment. They exhibit a specific behavior. Recognizing this problem for interesting the empirical research was carried out. Their goal was to identify the prevalence of involvement of employees in knowledge management and the desired employee behavior in the various activities of this processes. The study conducted among enterprises of Lubuskie province. The research used a survey method. It was found that the surveyed enterprises implement the activities related to knowledge management in a selective manner. In the light of the adopted criteria only one (out of 102) of the surveyed companies could be considered as knowledge management. It also seems that the attention is not focused on the creation of knowledge but its acquisition and protection. Taking into account the results of research on behavior conducive to knowledge management can be concluded that the climate for creativity exists at the level of teams but not the organization.
EN
The paper analyses the problem of a debt collection process perceived from legal, economic and psychosociological perspective. The aim of this article is to present the key success factors and barriers to the effective debt collection process. The list of these factors is based on a conducted research among the companies operating on Polish market in business-to-business sector. According to the findings from the survey, it turned out that the most important changes are to be made especially in legal sphere but economic and psychosociological issues also need to be considered.
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