Search results - CEJSH

1

Innovations in the Practice of Production and Trade Enterprises in EU Countries

100%

Burinskienė A., Janušauskienė V. M.

Ekonomia. Wrocław Economic Review

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2016

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vol. 22

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issue 1

9-33

EN

Modern theories are increasingly focusing on innovations. Scientific literature states that the implementation of innovations causes increase in sales volume: enterprises are improving the organization of production and trade methods, reducing production and trade costs, producing and selling competitive products as a result of technological progress. Technological progress also influences the development of production and trade prospects. Although the implementation of innovations is different, the main aspects are related to the novelty of product, production and service R&D intensity and the qualification of employees. Enterprises without the capacity to innovate may invest time and resources in studies of research results but are unable to transform this knowledge into practice (Hult et al., 2004). In such sense it is important to create innovative behaviors and related outcomes on country level (Koellinger, Thurik, 2009). Production and trade enterprises have a significant impact on the national economy, but the number of enterprises that have excellent understanding about innovations and their results is not sufficient. Sales of the trade enterprises in the European Union amount to 66%, and 74% of gross domestic product (GDP) in Lithuania. At the same time sales of the production enterprises in the European Union amount to 15.5% of GDP, and in Lithuania — 21% of GDP. Production and trade enterprises play a significant part among business companies. In corporate structure of the European Union 9.8% of companies are production companies which employ 22.6% of EU workers, while in the structure of the European Union 28.6% of companies are trade companies and these companies employ 24.7% of EU workers. However, in the trade sector there are 90% of companies, and in the production — 84% of companies with up to nine employees (Euro-stat, 2010). Nevertheless, the European Commission’s (2013) study shows the declining contribution of production enterprises to GDP. Eurostat (2010) statistics show that small and medium-sized manufacturing companies are very slow to improve their operations and labor productivity. The EU companies are anticipated to increase by only 2.4% compared with the US companies, where growth of labor productivity is 3.5% Therefore, innovations are also important for the EU trade and production companies. To sum up the above set out material, it can be said that the application of innovations must be considered as a very complex cognitive subject. The article consists of three parts to fully examine the implementation of innovations in production and trade enterprises. First, literature analysis is carried out and topic related aspects are identified. In the second part the paper presents empirical research methodology. Herein, practices of production and trade enterprises are presented, comparison of production and trade enterprises is carried out, and effects on the activeness of enterprises regarding the opportunities of innovation implementation in this area are analyzed. In the third part the article presents empirical research results, conclusions and recommendations. Literature analysis reveals that the greatest role innovation plays in international companies, however the number of such enterprises is very small in the EU. The results also show that production and trade companies from Luxembourg have higher competitiveness than the enterprises from other countries. Overall the paper glances into whether, to what extent, how companies innovate, and how this differs between production and trade service industries.

2

Improving the production planning and control process

100%

Jolanta Ł.

Zarządzanie i Finanse

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 1

119-130

PL

Focusing the activities of a production business on the strategy based on quality entails orientation on meeting the expectations of the customers with respect to the product itself, and the terms of its delivery. The article notes the role of the production planning and control process in improving the quality of the business offer. It identifies the objectives set for the process from the perspective of meeting the expectations of both the external client and internal client, the latter being the production process. The article points to the key problems which hinder meeting customers’ expectations, and indicates the directions of perfecting the process, connected with improvement of the production system throughput, steps taken to attain the information and material flow according to the pull strategy and lean principles, and flexibility combined with production intelligence.

3

Changes in Self-Sufficiency in Beef and Pork in Selected Central and Eastern Europe Markets

100%

Kubala S.

Problemy Zarządzania

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2018

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issue 6/2018 (79), t.1

96-107

EN

Food self-sufficiency is considered a priority for modern economies. The meat market is among the most developed food markets in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Their accession to the European Union opened up new markets to producers, while raising competition levels. The aim of the article is to assess the level of self-sufficiency in beef and pork in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe in 2005-2017. Simplified indicators of food self-sufficiency were used, with focus on measures of technical and economic self-sufficiency. Technical self-sufficiency was measured on the basis of the volume of foreign trade; the amount of meat produced per capita and the ratio of meat consumption to production were also taken into account. Economic self-sufficiency was assessed on the basis the value of foreign trade. Considerable differences in terms of self-sufficiency have been found among the countries of Central and Eastern European. It turns out that Poland, Lithuania and Estonia have the safest beef policy, while Hungary and Estonia are leaders in terms of pork production policies. Domestic beef production satisfies the demand in the majority of countries of Central and Eastern Europe; when it comes to pork, only Poland is self-sufficient. The lowest degree of beef and pork self-sufficiency has been observed in Bulgaria and Slovakia; Slovenia is least self-sufficient in terms of pork production.

4

РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ТА ЙОГО ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ

88%

В.О. Н.

Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne

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2014

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vol. 19

EN

The article analyzes the current state of agriculture in Ukraine. Definitely investments in fixed capital industry.

5

Na zewnątrz pomarańcza, a w środku kiwi

88%

Dłubacz A.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2012

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issue 4

63-69

EN

Genetically modified organism (GMO) is a body created by the artificial change in the genetic material. Although men from dozens of thousands of years have interfered in the genetic information, crossbreeding individuals with selected features, the discovery of the sequence of the DNA helix was a particularly important development, made by Watson and Crick in 1953. From this point genetic engineering has developed in such a way that made possible the modification of organisms in vitro, then transferring them to the environment. Thanks to using GMOs more and more medication can be produced. It is also possible to achieve a higher quality crops and reduce the number of hungry people in the world. However, there are scientists who question the safety reviews of products made from genetically modified organisms.

6

Czynniki warunkujące opłacalność produkcji wybranych produktów rolniczych w perspektywie 2020 roku

88%

Skarżyńska A.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

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2015

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issue 1(342)

57-73

EN

Volatility of farming conditions makes farmers resort ever more often to different tools helping them in the decision-making process. What also increases is the demand for results of forecasts and projections which are aimed at encouraging to take up actions to strengthen the development trend considered as favourable or to counteract the one recognized as undesirable. The results of projections for 2020, prepared under ordinary conditions, i.e. resulting from long-term trends, point to decreasing profitability of winter wheat farming by 2.4 percentage points, and spring barley by 8.6 percentage points given a stronger growth rate of costs over income. For rye and winter rape farming, it is expected that profitability will improve by 6.2 and 4.8 percentage points, respectively. Whereas, the profitability of sugar beet farming will most likely remain at a level similar to the reference years for the projection (2011-2013). Research showed that fluctuations in the selling prices, which are caused by changes over the years, have a stronger impact on the level of income than crop fluctuations. Rye and rape are the most sensitive to crop and price fluctuations. Costs are another important element of profitability account. Among the examined field crops, rye farming was characterized by the greatest sensitivity, which means that a unit change in their level has the strongest impact on a change in income.

7

Oil price shocks and the US economy: What makes the latest oil price episode different?

88%

Gadea M. D., Gomez-Loscos A.

International Economics Letters

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2014

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vol. 3

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issue 2

36-44

EN

This paper distinguishes different periods in the relationship between oil price shocks, economic growth, and inflation for the US economy. Focusing on the latest period, covering mainly the noughties, a change is found in the exogeneity pattern associated with recent oil price episodes. A significant effect of GDP growth on oil price movements is identified, while there is no evidence of any influence of the latter on either GDP growth or inflation found.

8

Affix Acquisition Order in Serbian EFL Learners

88%

Danilović J., Savić J. D., Dimitrijević M.

Romanian Journal of English Studies

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2013

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vol. 10

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issue 1

77-88

EN

Given that affix knowledge plays a vital role in the development of L1/L2 knowledge, the aim of this paper is to explore Mochizuki and Aizawa’s (2000) notion about the order of affix acquisition in the Serbian EFL context. We will attempt to analyze correlations between the EFL learners’ vocabulary size and their affix knowledge and postulate the order of affix acquisition.

9

Variability and systematicity in individual learners’ Japanese lexical accent

88%

Taylor B.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2011

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vol. 47

146

EN

This paper presents novel experimental production data to establish generalisations about the accent patterns produced by individual English learners of Japanese. 21 British English learners read aloud tokens varying in word type (two- and three-mora nouns and verbs) and speech environment (in isolation and preceding a function word) and native speakers identified the accent types produced. The results show both considerable between-learner variability and within-learner systematicity. The accent types produced are seen to vary with word type and speech environment, but both how they vary and which accent types are produced are shown to be individual to the learner. It is suggested that this combination of between-learner variability and within-learner systematicity may be the result of a difficulty in phonologically encoding Japanese lexical accent.

10

Job Assignment of Graduates of the University of Bucharest and Their Integration in the Labor System of the 1980s

88%

Rotaru M.

International Review of Social Research

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 2

153-162

EN

According to the official communist rhetoric, the assignment of higher education graduates to socialist enterprises and/or institutions was ‘an action with profound social-political meanings, which aims to ensure the production units and other areas which the specialists they need’. The closure of the top most populated 14 cities starting with 1981 combined with the economic crisis of the 1980s and with various measures of the regime perceived as absurd, and made the system more restrictive than ever before. This study focuses on the changes of the job supply for graduates of the University of Bucharest during the 1980s, and on the process of assigning graduates to their work-place.

11

On planning production and distribution with disrupted supply chains

88%

Szufel P.

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2022

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vol. 69

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issue 2

20-36

EN

This paper presents a model for short-term time-horizon production and distribution planning of a manufacturing company located in the middle of a supply chain. The model focuses on an unbalanced market with broken supply chains. This reflects the state of the current post-COVID-19 economy, which is additionally struggling with even more uncertainty and disruptions due to the Russian aggression against Ukraine. The manufacturer, operating on the post-pandemic and post-war market, on the one hand observes a soaring demand for its products, and on the other faces uncertainty regarding the availability of components (parts) used in the manufacturing process. The goal of the company is to maximise profits despite the uncertain availability of intermediate products. In the short term, the company cannot simply raise prices, as it is bound by long-term contracts with its business partners. The company also has to maintain a good relationship with its customers, i.e. businesses further in the supply chain, by proportionally dividing its insufficient production and trying to match production planning with the observed demand. The post-COVID-19 production-planning problem has been addressed with a robust mixed integer optimisation model along with a dedicated heuristic, which makes it possible to find approximate solutions in a large-scale real-world setting.

12

Problems of Mechanical Engineering Development in Ukraine

88%

Ishchuk S., Sozanskyy L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Zarządzanie

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2021

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issue 44

22-35

EN

Mechanical engineering is the most innovative segment of the world economy and especially the economy of industrial European countries. The purpose of this article is to analytically identify the problems and outline the prospects for the development of mechanical engineering in Ukraine. According to the results of the authors’ research, the dynamics and features of production and foreign economic activity of mechanical engineering enterprises in Ukraine within the regional context are determined. The dependence of the Ukrainian economy on imports of mechanical engineering products is calculated, and the share of imports in the costs of Ukrainian mechanical engineering productions is determined. The key trends in the development of mechanical engineering in Ukraine during 2010-2020 are substantiated. The measures of the state industrial policy directed at overcoming the challenges and threats in the development of Ukrainian mechanical engineering in the conditions of globalization are offered.

13

THE PECULIARITIES OF BUDGETARY FINANCING THE PUBLIC GOODS PRODUCTION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES: THE LESSONS OF POLAND FOR UKRAINE

88%

Kichurchak M.

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2014

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vol. 1

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issue 299

EN

The peculiarities of distribution and use of budgetary facilities for the public goods production in the EU countries, including Poland, are considered and possibilities of adaptation of this experience to the Ukrainian conditions are determined in the article. The author has made the comparative analysis of the structure of general budgetary expenditures in the EU countries and Ukraine, revealed the regularities of financing the public goods production on the basis of calculating the elasticity of general budgetary expenditures by function to GDP, the index of the structure change in general budgetary expenditures and implementing the cluster analysis, and suggested certain recommendations concerning the improvement of financing public goods production in Ukrainian economy taking into account euro–integration aspirations.

14

Teoria systemów-światów Immanuela Wallersteina i jej recepcja w archeologii: część III – okres wpływów rzymskich

87%

Ciesielska A.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2018

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vol. 23

23-48

EN

Immanuel Wallerstein’s centre-periphery model lies at the root of many archaeological studies, particularly studies of romanisation. One of them has been an article written by Peter S. Wells, but we have also studies done by Richard Higley concerning Roman Britain, Susan Frankenstein and Michael Rowland concerning the social hierarchy in Roman Germany. Actually several archaeologists tried to study these topic according to the Wallerstein’s world-systems theory. We can observe that the application of the theory into archaeology has always very important heuristic value.

15

Baudrillardova teorie iluzí

75%

Zemčík T.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2014

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vol. 62

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issue 3

355-368

EN

The work of Jean Baudrillard has gained for itself large groups of followers and opponents alike. But Baudrillard is often misinterpreted by both camps. The reason for this, apart from anything else, is the characteristic way in which he gets hold of the “objects” of his interest. When reading his work one witnesses a tendency towards non-standard accounts of subject matter. He operates on the border of its significance and, at the same time, he often (quite intentionally) contradicts himself. In the article I present Baudrillard’s view of the productive theory and the dialectical method. I sketch the reasons why he condemns them and replaces them with the seductive theory-fiction or with theoretical terrorism and reversibility or even with symbolic exchange. These are the strategies by which, with passion, he comes to terms with objects. Many hitherto published studies of the theories of Jean Baudrillard tackle and focus on its concrete elements in contexts of the utmost diversity. This article, on the contrary, is concerned with the theoretico-methodological viewpoint, and it thus serves as a certain kind of general introduction to the investigation of the work of Jean Baudrillard. Baudrillard’s idiosyncratic method is introduced and comparisons are made. A characterisation and mutual comparison is made of the productive and seductive way of theorising. The study also points to the content of these, with stress being placed on Baudrillard’s seductive way. Last but not least theory-fiction, as an independent method, is brought into contrast with method of a dialectical stripe.

16

Skala produkcji, efektywność i konkurencyjność polskich gospodarstw wyspecjalizowanych w produkcji mleka

75%

Ziętara W., Adamski M.

Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej

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2014

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issue 1(338)

97-115

EN

The article assesses the competitiveness of the Polish dairy farms compared to similar farms in Hungary, Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands. It was found that the Polish dairy farms with an economic size ranging from EUR 50,000 to EUR 100,000 of Standard Produc-tion (SO) and higher are capable of further development and have the competitive ability compared to similar farms from the surveyed countries.

17

Przemysł offshore w Polsce – próba definicji, stan i możliwości rozwoju

75%

Czapliński P.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2015

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vol. 29

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issue 4

103-111

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza krytyczna funkcjonującego w polskich realiach pojęcia „przemysł offshore” oraz próba uporządkowania wiedzy dotyczącej stanu i możliwości jego rozwoju z geograficznego punktu widzenia. Obecnie pod pojęciem „offshore” kryją się działania o bardzo zróżnicowanym zakresie merytorycznym, organizacyjnym i czasowym oraz o często nieskoordynowanym, fragmentarycznym i doraźnym charakterze, z którego wynika wiele konsekwencji natury organizacyjnej, technologicznej, zarządczej, a ostatecznie także przestrzennej.

EN

The aim of this article is to critically analyze the “offshore industry” term that is functioning in Polish realities and attempt to systematize knowledge regarding of state and possibilities of its development, from a geographical point of view. Recently, the term “offshore” covers a very diverse range of substantive, organizational and temporal activities with often uncoordinated, fragmented and ad hoc nature, which results in a number of consequences of organizational, technological, managerial and ultimately spatial nature.

18

Polish farm machinery market after accession to the European Union – production and supply of means of agricultural mechanization

75%

Pawlak J.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

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2014

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issue 3(33)

171-183

EN

After accession to the EU in 2004 the demand for tractors and agricultural implements has grown, followed by increasing supply of them. In 2012, the supply of brand-new agricultural tractors was by 185.4% higher than in 2003. In 2012 the value of renovation index of tractor fleet in agriculture was by 149.3% higher than in 2003. In spite of significant increase of demand for tractors, their production in 2012 was by 39.2% lower than in 2003. The downfall in number of tractors produced in Poland caused that imported tractors achieved more and more important share in supplies on Polish market. In 2003 the share of imports amounted to 64.0% and in 2012 – 91.4%. Production of most other means of agricultural mechanization was in 2012 higher than in 2003. The increase in a case of manure spreaders amounted to 704.3%; self loading or unloading agricultural tractor trailers – 362.1%; fertilizer spreader – 335.2%; field sowing machines – 245.3%; pick-up balers – 222.1% and harvester threshers – 194.8. Decreases were noted in cases of steamers – by 73.3%; potato planters – by 49.7%; harrows other than disc ones – by 42.2%; potato diggers – by 31.2% and rototillers – by 22.8%.

PL

Po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej zwiększył się popyt na środki mechanizacji rolnictwa oraz podaż krajowa większości z nich. W 2012 roku dostawy ciągników fabrycznie nowych były o 185,4% wyższe niż 2003 roku. Wartość wskaźnika odnawiania parku ciągnikowego była w 2012 roku o 149,3% większa niż w 2003 roku. Mimo znacznego zwiększenia popytu na ciągniki ich produkcja w 2012 roku była o 39,2% mniejsza niż w 2003 roku. Spadek produkcji ciągników w Polsce spowodował sukcesywne zwiększanie udziału importu. W 2003 roku udział ciągników importowanych wyniósł 64,0%, a w 2012 roku – 91,4%. Produkcja większości pozostałych środków mechanizacji rolnictwa była w 2012 roku większa niż w 2003 roku. Wzrost ten w przypadku roztrząsaczy obornika wyniósł 704,3%, ciągnikowych przyczep rolniczych samozaładowczych lub samowyładowczych – 362,1%, rozsiewaczy nawozów mineralnych – 335,2%, ciągnikowych siewników polowych – 245,3%, pras zbierających – 222,1%, a kombajnów zbożowych – 194,8. Spadła produkcja parników – o 73,3%, sadzarek ziemniaków – o 49,7%, bron innych niż talerzowe – o 42,2%, kopaczek do ziemniaków – o 31,2%, a glebogryzarek – o 22,8%.

19

Prognozowanie metodą C.C. Holta wielkości produkcji i zatrudnienia w przemyśle stalowym w Polsce do 2020 roku

75%

Gajdzik B., Szymszal J.

Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy

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2016

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vol. nr 1

23--38

PL

W publikacji przedstawiono statystykę rynku stalowego w Polsce. Struktura pracy składa się z dwóch części, z których pierwsza jest opisem sytuacji na rynku i zmian w wielkości produkcji stali i zatrudnieniu w latach 1990-2014, część druga to modelowanie prognostyczne wielkości produkcji i zatrudnienia do 2020 roku. Wykonana analiza może być podstawą do wyznaczania strategii działań przedsiębiorstw hutniczych.

EN

The publication presents the statistics on steel market in Poland. The structure of the work consists of two parts, the first of which is a description of the steel market and changes in steel production and employment in the years 1990-2014, the second is a prognostic modeling of production and employment by 2020. The analysis can be the basis for strategic planning in metallurgical enterprises.

20

Ocena innowacyjności wybranego przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego przetwórstwa szkła X

75%

Wojtaszek H.

Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa

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2017

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issue 8 (811)

94-104

PL

W niniejszym opracowaniu wyjaśniono pojęcie innowacji oraz dokonano charakterystyki wybranego przedsiębiorstwa zajmującego się produkcją szkła w kierunku oceny jego innowacyjności. Wykonano losowanie próby stosując generator liczb pseudo losowych programu Excel. Do określenia charakteru losowego próby zastosowano test serii losowości próby, gdzie weryfikowano hipotezę zerową w postaci: H0: - próba ma charakter losowy ,wobec hipotezy alternatywnej: H1: - próba nie ma charakteru losowego. W wyniku testowania na poziomie istotności α=0,05 brak było podstaw do odrzucenia hipotezy zerowej, że próba ma charakter losowy (p>0,05), zatem można było przyjąć założenie o losowości próby. Do oceny tychże założeń zastosowano kwestionariusz ankiety. W aspekcie podjęcia właściwej analizy oceniono znajomość pojęcia innowacji w przedsiębiorstwie produkcyjnym celem uzyskania pewności, co do wyników analizy oraz w sytuacji potrzeby wprowadzenia dodatkowych badań w charakterze wywiadów bezpośrednich. W całej organizacji innowacją jest nowy produkt z czym zgadzają się zarówno zarządcy (osoby pełniące funkcje menadżerskie) oraz pracownicy ( osoby pełniące funkcje szeregowe), czy też produkt wyprodukowany nową technologią. Również wszyscy uczestnicy przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego: zarówno pracownicy, jak i zarządzający są przygotowani na wprowadzenie innowacji, jak i również uważają, że taka potrzeba konieczności jej wdrożenia jest zasadna. Stopień wdrożenia unowocześnienia technologicznego w ciągu ostatnich 5 lat jest w większości średni, chociaż mniej niż połowa twierdzi, że jest wysoki. Najczęstszymi zmianami mającymi charakter z innowacjami to zmiany o charakterze procesowym, marketingowym i technicznym, a ich ocena wprowadzonych zmian jest uznawana, jako średnia. Następstwem tychże wprowadzonych zmian o charakterze innowacyjnym jest poprawa stanu technologicznego, działania organizacji, zwiększenia konkurencyjności oraz poprawa kondycji finansowej. Przedsiębiorstwo produkcyjne X na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania jest uważane jako innowacyjne. Na obecną chwilę w niewielkim stopniu wprowadziła Innowacje produktowe. Aby organizacja w dalszych działaniach innowacyjnych odnosiła sukcesy być może będzie potrzebna konieczność wdrożenia innowacji produktowych w aspekcie prowadzenia bardziej restrykcyjnych działań

EN

In the final development of the concept of innovation and the implementation of innovative management solutions. Run random number pseudometric calculations in Excel. To determine the nature of a random random test, where it verifies the null hypothesis in the form: H0: - the sample is random, with the alternative hypothesis: H1: - the sample is not random. As a result of testing at significance level α = 0.05 there is no basis for rejecting the null hypothesis that the sample is random (p> 0.05), assuming that it is randomized. To assess these assumptions of application questionnaire survey. In terms of giving proper interpretations of the notion of innovation In the enterprise producing the assurance of dumping. If you need to read results in a direct appearance. Compared to products manufactured with new technology, people involved in managerial and employee functions (who perform serial functions) Also all employees: how are we working and managing, are we prepared for innovation, and really do need to implement it? . The level of technological upgrading implementation in the past 5 years compared to the previous period is less than half that will prove to be high. The most common changes are changes characteristic to technological changes, and their evaluated changes are considered as average. Below we present innovative technologies, organizational activities, performance and fitness. Production company „X” is an innovative approach. At the present moment in a small offer Product innovations. In order to organize in further innovative activities, it may be necessary, perhaps, to implement innovative products in the context of more restrictive measures.

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