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EN
Programmes supporting agricultural and rural development co–financed by the EU implemented in Poland in the programming periods 2004–2006 and 2007–2013 included a series of measures that have a direct or indirect impact on thecompetitiveness of the Polish agriculture. Analysis of the goals of these measures, nature of these instruments and categories of beneficiaries eligible for support enable naming several mechanisms of the programmes’ impact on the competitiveness of the agricultural sector. These include both direct and indirect support to individual farms, as well as support for surrounding of the agriculture and the instruments for structural changes at the level of the entire sector.
EN
The paper examines the process of absorbing European Union funds earmarked for Polish enterprises for 2004-2006. The research is based on an in-depth analysis of statistical data obtained by institutions responsible for managing EU programs in Poland as well as the country’s Central Statistical Office (GUS). Reports, opinions and surveys prepared by Polish business executives were also taken into consideration. In the paper, Ostaszewskachecks if Polish companies benefitting from EU funds were in a position to absorb these funds properly and use them to build their competitive advantage. She notes that too few enterprises in Poland have taken advantage of EU funds. Besides most these funds have been invested in non-innovative projects, she says. On the plus side, Ostaszewska says, preliminary calculations show that all the EU funds earmarked for Polish enterprises for the 2004-2006 period have reached their beneficiaries, which means there is no threat that Poland could lose part of the EU support. Polish enterprises are only beginning to learn how to put EU structural funds to good use, Ostaszewska notes. This means that some mistakes in the 2004-2006 programming period were inevitable, she says. In the years ahead, Polish businesses should be able to learn from their mistakes and absorb new funds in a better way-one that will be more beneficial for the economy as a whole, Ostaszewska concludes.
EN
The mechanisms provided for spending of the EU funds make it clear that interests realised within the European Union vary and are sometimes opposing. Still, the Member States want to provide the most appropriate and compliant with the law spending of the European funds. They are willing to provide, through regulations, rigorous requirements for spending of these funds, and to make the European Commission control their compliance with these regulations. If these regulations are breached, the European Commission is authorised to take supervisory actions, which include imposing financial corrections that ensure that money is returned to the common budget. In her article, the author presents and comments on the new regulations of the European Union adopted for the 2014-2020 programming period that set forth the rules for imposing financial corrections by the Commission on the EU Member States.
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