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PL
Autorzy akcentują,że turystyka współcześnie staj esie dziedziną gospodarki narodowej a każda podróż wymaga stosownych przygotowań. Dotyczy to zarówno przygotowania materiałowego, usługowego jaki i marketingowego. Istotne sa w tym względzie przewodniki turystyczne, autorzy analizują Znaki Pamięci.
EN
The article gives a brief description of Moscow guide books printed between 1922 and 1991. The retrospective of Soviet texts is preceded by tracing the origins of Moscow travel guides, which goes back to travel notes from the 16th and 17th centuries. The paper presents 34 Soviet itineraries by providing their composition and content summary. Also, it demonstrates and explains the referential and syncretic patterns of Soviet guidebooks, and the shift made at the turn of the NEP era and the 1930s. Tourism evolution, city planning and state censorship are discussed among the factors that influence travel itineraries. The diachronic approach allows to note continuity and transformation elements of Soviet travel guides to Moscow.
Bohemistyka
|
2019
|
issue 4
523-540
EN
The purpose of this article was to present the image of the Czechs based on six Polish-language travel guides published by the most important travel publishers in Poland in 2004–2011. The research material consisted of texts presenting basic information included in the introductory or final parts of bedekers, without considering graphic elements. The picture was made up of character traits attributed to the Czechs, their habits were pointed out, but they also described how they spend their free time and celebrate holidays. In addition, an assessment was made of certain professional groups and an approximation of their attitude towards ethnic and sexual minorities. It turned out that the image of the Czechs is identical in the texts studied and mostly in line with existing stereotypes. The authors of the guides mainly draw a positive image of the southern neighbor, but also draw attention to the unfriendly attitude of the Czechs towards the Roma.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu było przedstawienie obrazu Czechów na podstawie sześciu polskojęzycznych przewodników turystycznych opublikowanych przez najważniejsze wydawnictwa podróżnicze w Polsce w latach 2004–2011. Materiał do badań stanowiły teksty, prezentujące podstawowe informacje zamieszczone w częściach wstępnych lub końcowych bedekerów, przy czym nie brano pod uwagę elementów graficznych. Na obraz złożyły się cechy charakteru przypisywane Czechom, wskazano ich zwyczaje, ale także opisano jak spędzają wolny czas i obchodzą święta. Ponadto zawarto ocenę pewnych grup zawodowych oraz przybliżono, jaki mają stosunek do mniejszości etnicznych i seksualnych. Okazało się, że obraz Czechów jest tożsamy w badanych tekstach i w większości zgodny z istniejącymi stereotypami. Autorzy przewodników kreślą przede wszystkim pozytywny obraz południowego sąsiada, ale zwracają też uwagę na nieprzyjazny stosunek Czechów do Romów.
EN
The author explores the ideologization of human space on the example of the place known as Saint John under the Rock in Czechia. This place has a long and rich tradition, also written one, and is tightly bound with Czech identity, not only local but also national. The oldest mentions about the place appear in medieval manuscripts that describe it as one of the most mysterious and sacred. Religious tradition connected with the place serves as an example of the diversity of Czech approaches to faith. For the history of the place was extremely turbulent and its owners usually used it as a tool of cultural appropriation and ideological interest, Saint John under the Rock proves how desired traditions were shaped. To discuss Czech tradition, the author employs the metaphor of “geological layers.” Although all the layers − the Christian, the secular, and even the communist tradition − compose Czech identity, their interpreters analyze them in separation. They detach the layer of tradition that does not fit their perspective. Hence, the place under analysis reveals a battle for identities that aims to establish the dominant layer of tradition. In this article, I seek to unveil the game of contradicting narratives to show how a place so deeply plunged in Czech tradition is abused to represent only a part of the “right” tradition.
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