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1
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Wpływ islamu na przystosowanie muzułmanów w społeczeństwie polskim. Transformacja religijności Saudyjczyków

100%
Ksionek A.
Uniwersyteckie Czasopismo Socjologiczne
|
2015
|
issue 12
105-111
PL
Nasilenie procesu globalizacji, czego egzemplifikacją jest wzrost liczby muzułmanów na terenach państwa polskiego, stało się główną przyczyną badania dotyczącego przystosowania społecznego oraz religijności imigrantów. Z socjologicznego punktu widzenia interesujący okazuje się być wpływ norm religijnych na przystosowania społeczne w Polsce, w szczególności, kiedy mowa jest o religiach ekspansywnych, do jakich niewątpliwie należy islam. Biorąc pod uwagę opisane mechanizmy, w listopadzie 2013 r. zostały przeprowadzone badania na przykładzie obywateli Arabii Saudyjskiej.
2
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Społeczno-osobowe przystosowanie studentów Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego w środowisku akademickim

75%
Nowicka A., Sendyk M.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego. Studia z Nauk Społecznych
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2018
|
issue 11
rb.ujw.pl/social
PL
W opracowaniu podjęto problematykę przystosowania studentów Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego w środowisku akademickim. W analizie przystosowania uwzględniono zarówno jego wymiar społeczny, jak i osobowy związany z zaspokajaniem potrzeb człowieka w nowym środowisku oraz uzyskiwaniem przez niego pewnej równowagi wewnętrznej. W tekście zaprezentowano wyniki badań przeprowadzonych wśród 144 studentów Uczelni Jana Wyżykowskiego za pośrednictwem samodzielnie skonstruowanego narzędzia badawczego w postaci kwestionariusza ankiety. Dane analizowano z uwzględnieniem zmiennej niezależnej, jaką stanowił kierunek studiów.
EN
The elaboration raises the problematic of Jan Wyżykowski University students’ adaptation to academic environment. Analysis of the phenomenon of adaptation took into account both its social and personal dimensions related to satisfying the human needs in the new environment and achieving a certain internal balance by it. The text presents the results of research conducted among 144 students of the Jan Wyżykowski University through a self-constructed research tool in the form of a questionnaire. The data was analyzed taking into account the independent variable, which was the field of study.
3
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Specyfika choroby a przystosowanie społeczne młodzieży

63%
Stępa M.
Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo
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2011
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issue 1(13)
69-90
PL
Zamierzeniem badawczym było ukazanie związku specyfiki choroby przewlekłej i przystosowania społecznego młodzieży z astmą, cukrzycą i niepełnosprawnością ruchową. Badania przeprowadzono na populacji 180 chorych w wieku 13–19 lat, po 60 osób (30 dziewcząt, 30 chłopców) w każdej z grup. Zastosowano technikę – Kwestionariusz HPI: problemy osób niepełnosprawnych T. Witkowskiego. W celu opracowania statystycznego użyto pakietu STATISTICA. Badania wykazały, że młodzież chora przewlekle somatycznie na ogół dobrze radzi sobie z funkcjonowaniem społecznym, choć ujawnia pewne problemy. Młodzież z astmą najczęściej spośród wszystkich grup badawczych ujawnia problemy w sferze zajęciowej, a najlepiej radzi sobie w sferze społecznej. Odwrotnie niż rówieśnicy z astmą, młodzież z cukrzycą wykazuje największe zakłócenia w sferze społecznej, a najmniejsze w sferze rodzinnej, osobowościowej i zajęciowej. Natomiast niepełnosprawni ruchowo w stosunku do pozostałych badanych ujawniają problemy w stopniu pośrednim w każdej ze sfer. Rodzaj choroby w sposób istotny różnicuje zakres zakłóceń adaptacyjnych badanej młodzieży wyłącznie w sferze zajęciowej i w sferze społecznej. W sferze zajęciowej najwięcej problemów napotyka młodzież z astmą, a następnie z cukrzycą, zaś w społecznej wyłącznie chorzy na cukrzycę. Ogólnie należy uznać, że problemy te nie są zbyt nasilone i badana młodzież potrafi je skutecznie rozwiązać. Płeć różnicuje istotnie wyniki badanej młodzieży w poszczególnych sferach funkcjonowania społecznego. W zakończeniu autorka formułuje kilka wniosków z zakresu praktyki rehabilitacyjnej i wychowawczej.
EN
The aim of the study was to show the connection between the specificity of chronic disease and the social adaptation of adolescents with asthma, diabetes and physical disabilities. The study was conducted on 180 patients aged 13-19 years, with 60 people in each study group (30 girls and 30 boys). The technique that was used was the HPI questionnaire: Problems of the Disabled people by T. Witkowski. For statistical purposes the STATISTICA suite was used. The study has shown that although, in general, young people suffering from chronic somatic disease manage quite well in society, they encounter some problems. Adolescents with asthma, out of all the groups under study, most frequently show problems related to the activity sphere but manage best in the social sphere. Unlike their peers with asthma, adolescents with diabetes show the most difficulties in the social sphere, and the least in the family sphere, personality sphere and in the activity sphere. In contrast, the disabled with motor disability, in comparison with the other adolescents under study, indirectly show problems within each of the spheres.The nature of the disease significantly affects the scope of adaptation of the adolescents under study only in the activity sphere and in the social sphere. Adolescents with asthma, followed by adolescents with diabetes, are the most affected in the activity sphere. On the other hand, young people with diabetes are the only ones who encounter problems in the social sphere. In general, it should be considered that these problems are not too severe and adolescents are able to effectively cope with them. Sex has a substantial influence on the results of the adolescents under study in individual spheres of social functioning. Finally, the author draws some conclusions for rehabilitation and educational practice.
4

Przystosowanie społeczne dziecka z chorobą przewlekłą. Studium przypadku

63%
Kowalczyk K.
Roczniki Pedagogiczne
|
2018
|
vol. 10(46)
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issue 3
91-104
PL
Zdrowie to stan pełnego fizycznego, umysłowego i społecznego dobrego samopoczucia. To nie tylko brak choroby, ale pełna zdolność człowieka do życia w harmonii ze środowiskiem i prawidłowego reagowania na jego zmiany. Po przeciwnej stronie kontinuum, zgodnie z modelem salutogenezy A. Antonovsky’ego, znajduje się choroba. W życiu każdego człowieka, zwłaszcza dziecka, choroba jest sytuacją trudną, która często wymaga przeorganizowania, a niekiedy i całkowitej zmiany funkcjonowania. Specyficzne zmiany w tym funkcjonowaniu narzuca choroba przewlekła – o przedłużonym czasie trwania, nieuleczalna lub nawracająca. Jedną z ciężkich chorób przewlekłych jest mukowiscydoza. Oprócz czynników stresogennych związanych z czynnościami medycznymi, podejmowanymi w celu leczenia, istotną kwestią jest znaczenie tej choroby dla psychicznej i społecznej sfery rozwoju dziecka. Ocenę stopnia funkcjonowania tych sfer implikuje stopień przystosowania społecznego dziecka. Artykuł podejmuje próbę określenia percepcji przystosowania społecznego chorego dziecka przez jego matkę, nauczycielkę oraz obraz własnego funkcjonowania w szkole dziecka chorego na mukowiscydozę.
EN
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. It is not only the absence of illness, but a full human capacity to live in harmony with the environment and to react appropriately to its changes. On the opposite side of the continuum, in line with A. Antonovsky’s salutogenic model, there is illness. In the life of every person, particularly a child, illness is a difficult situation which frequently requires to reorganise and at times also to change the functioning completely. Specific changes in this functioning are imposed by an illness that is chronic – of extended duration, incurable or recurrent. One of the serious chronic illnesses, being at the same time a genetic disease that most frequently occurs in people, is cystic fibrosis. Apart from stressors related to medical acts performed in order to treat the illness, significance of this illness for psychological and social sphere of a child development is also a relevant issue. An evaluation of the level of functioning of these spheres is implied by the level of social adaptation of a child. The article attempts to define the perception of social adaptation of an ill child by his mother and teacher, and a personal view of functioning at school of a child suffering from cystic fibrosis.
5

Dziecko w matni rozwodu rodziców

63%
Kowaluk-Romanek M., Bednarz-Grzybek R.
Roczniki Pedagogiczne
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2012
|
vol. 4(40)
|
issue 3
73-92
EN
Economic, political as well as moral changes have altered family structure. At present, more and more children are raised in (incomplete) broken families. Divorce influences all the functions of family. It triggers off a whole series of transitions that modify lives of people taking part in it. The aim presented in the article is an attempt to answer the following question: “If, and how the disintegration of family influences the psychosocial functioning of a child”. The research refers to a group of sixty children aged between 7 and 9. The basic group consisted of broken families and the comparison group consisted of complete families. For the analysis of the attitude of parents M. Ziemska Questionnaire for Parents was used. For the assessment of manifestation and level of psychosocial functioning of children the CBI E. Schaefer and M. Aaronson Questionnaire was used. It was stated-ehat there is a relation between some parental attitudes and psychosocial functioning of examined children. Family disintegration and lack of contact with the father have harmful influence on the child. Children from incomplete families are characterised by lower level of verbal expression and tactful behaviour. They are more nervous and ferocious. Higer level of social alienation is also more common among them.
6

Wartości chrześcijańskie a przystosowanie i niedostosowanie społeczne współczesnego młodego pokolenia

63%
Jusiak R.
Roczniki Pedagogiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 6(42)
|
issue 4
7-31
PL
Wartości odgrywają ważną rolę w życiu każdego człowieka, przy czym ważną sprawą jest, jakie wartości człowiek przyjmuje oraz jaką ma ich hierarchię. W chrześcijaństwie u podstaw przyjmowania wartości leży zrozumienie ich treści oraz znaczenia dla integralnego rozwoju osobowego i tworzenia dobra wspólnego. Należy więc zwrócić szczególną uwagę, aby młode pokolenie świadomie przyjmowało wartości chrześcijańskie, ukazując ich walor i mądrość oraz korzyści indywidualne i społeczne z ich przyjęcia (akceptacji) i praktycznego wcielania wżycie. Młodość jest szczególnym okresem życia i należy zmierzać, aby ona świadomie akceptowała wartości chrześcijańskie, tłumacząc ich sens, wyjaśniając znaczenie i uzasadniając życiowym doświadczeniem. Ważne jest, aby młodzi ludzie samodzielnie uznawali ewangeliczne wartości, przyjmowali je i czynili z nich cząstkę swojej osobowości. Takie postępowanie ułatwi młodym ludziom przystosowanie społeczne do wartościowych społeczności i ochroni od niedostosowania społecznego.
XX
Values are important in everyone's life. It is equally important to choose one's values and build their hierarchy for personal growth. In the Christian optics, the motivation for the choice of values lies in understanding them and in recognizing their role in integral personal and social development. It is of utmost importance to make the youth consciously accept Christian values by revealing their merits for personal and social growth. It is important to show the merits of accepting the values and of their practical application in life. Youth is a period of life when Christian values should be promoted by explaining their sense and supporting it by real life experiences. It is vital that young people learn to recognize evangelical values on their own, accept them and make them inherent in their personality. This kind of approach can help young people become members of valuable communities, preventing their social maladjustement.
7
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Stosowanie środków specjalnych – nadzoru ochronnego i ośrodka przystosowania społecznego – wobec recydywistów skazanych w warunkach art. 60 k.k.

36%
Rzeplińska I., Szamota B.
Archiwum Kryminologii
|
1982
|
issue VIII-IX
151-190
EN
The Penal Code of 1969 introduced in Chapter VIII a complex of regulations defining the criminal liability tfor offences committed in the conditions of special recidivism. Two categories of special recidivism were introduced: basic recidivism (Art. 60 § 1 of the Penal Code) and multiple recidivism (Art. 60 § 2 of the Penal Code). To assume the first category, the following criteria are required: 1) commission of an intentional offence similar to the previous one, 2) execution of at least 6 months of imprisonment, 3) commission of a new offence within 5 years after discharge from prison. To impute the offender the commission of an offence coming under the second category of recidivism, the following conditions are necessary: 1) conviction for at least the fourth time, in this twice under the conditions of basic special recidivism, 2) repeated commision of an intentional offence to profit financially or of hooligan character, 3) total imprisonment of at least one year, 4) commission of a new offence within 5 years after the last imprisonment. For each of those two categories of recidivism, the principles of aggravated criminal liability are fixed by the Code, and they refer to less - serious - offences only. Towards persons coming under Art. 60 § 1 and 2, imprisonment within the raised limits is adjudicated. Towards such persons, absolute suppression of suspension of the execution of penalty was formulated. The strictness of these regulations is partly diminished by Art. 61 of the Penal Code, which created the possibility to depart from the aggravation of penalty as expressed in Art. 60, in "particularly justified cases, when even the lowest penalty inflicted on the basis of Art. 60 § 1 and 2 of the Penal Code, would be incommensurably severe". The Code fights special recidivism also by providing special measures against special recidivists coming under Art. 69 § 1 and 2: protective supervision (called "supervision" further on) and social readaptation centre (called "centre" further on). The first of them - supervision - is a non isolating measure, consisting in the control of behavior of the supervised person in the conditions of liberty. It is adjudicated for a period of 3 to 5 years (Art. 63 § 1 of the Penal Code). The second measure - centre - is of isolating character. The duration of stay in the centre is not appointed beforehand in the sentence: it is at least 2 years, at most 5 years long. After 2 years, the recidivist may be discharged by the execution of penalty court if there are good reasons to presume that he will not commit any offence after discharge (Art. 65 of the Penal Code). Special measures are executed after the sentence has been served.             The principles of application of the special measures differ as regards both categories of recidivists: those coming under Art. 60 § 1 of the Penal Code (called "common recidivists" further on) and those coming under Art. 60 § 2 (called further "multiple recidivists"). The organs authorized to adjudge these measures are the criminal and execution of penalty courts. Their decision as to adjudgement of them may be taken at various stages of legal and executive proceedings: in the sentence (criminal court), in the latter part of imprisonment (execution of penalty court), and during the supervision (execution of penalty court).             The principles of application of the special measures by the court which is to pass judgement in the case are stated in Art. 62 of the Penal Code. According to § 1, the application of supervision is optional towards the offenders coming under Art. 60 § 1. The court is here at liberty to decide as to the possible measures, as no premises to adjudge supervision are specified by the regulation. As to the recidivists coming under Art. 60 § 2, the adjudgement of one of the two special measures is obligatory, that of supervision as a rule. The adjudgement of the centre takes place only if the court recognizes supervision insufficient to prevent recidivism (Art. 62 § 2 of the Penal Code).             The second instance when decisions are taken as to the application of the special measures is the close of imprisonment of the recidivists. The rulings of the execution of penalty taken at this stage of the proceedings modify those taken previously - that is, in the sentence - as regards the application of the special measures.  In the case of common recidivists, these modifications may consist in adjudgement of supervision if it was not adjudicated in the sentence (Art. 91 of the Code of Execution of Penalties), or - if the recidivist is released on probation - in the specific conditional simulation of the supervision adjudicated in the sentence (Art. 98 § 1 of the Penal Code). If the release on probation is not cancelled by the court, the adjudgement of supervision loses effect (Art. 98 § 2 of the Penal Code). In the case of multiple recidivists, the modifications which may take place in the latter part of imprisonment as regards the adjudication of the special measures always consist in substitution of a strict measure by a milder one: the penitentiary court may replace the adjudgement of the centre with supervision (Art. 103 of the Code of Execution of Penalties) or release multiple recidivists on probation.             The third closing stage of proceedings when the decisions on application of special measures are taken is the execution of supervision. In this stage, the position of recidivists coming under Art. 60 § 1 and 2 of the Penal Code is identical: they can both be sent to the centre in consequence of failure of the supervision (Art. 64 of the Penal Code). Thus the adjudgement of the centre in consequence of failure of supervision serves here as a measure to discipline the execution of supervision. The present study was based on the data from criminal records of the Criminal Register and the Central Files of Convicted and Temporarily Arrested Persons. The material from these records enables one to notice the differences, as regards the data they include, between the groups of recidivists distinguished in respect of the special measure adjudicated towards them, and thus, to define initially the criteria for application of these measures. As a conclusion, an attempt was made to define the general range of adjudgement of the special measures towards recidivists regardless of the stage of proceedings in which it took place.             The research was of cross-sectional character. The examined population consisted of recidivists (coming under Art. 60) from the entire country and selected to 3 random samples: the first sample included all recidivists whose sentences had become valid within the period from March 1 till April 30, 1979 (1181 persons), the second sample included all recidivists discharged from prison within the period from February 1 till March 31, 1979 (874 persons), and the third one - all recidivists whose supervision had been completed within the period from April 1 till May 31, 1979 (544 persons). There were the total of 2599 cases, from which 72 cases had been excluded because of the lack of complete data in the Criminal Register. The final populations of the separate samples were thus as follows: I - 1146 persons, II - 869 persons, III - 512 persons (the total of 2 527 persons).             The collected material was then analysed, that is, the groups of persons were compared, distinguished on the grounds of the type of the special measure adjudicated towards them, for instance the group of multiple recidivists towards whom supervision had been adjudicated was compared with the group sent to the centre. The above comparisons were made for each sample separately, and within the sample - separately as regards the common and multiple recidivists. The method of representing the results reflects , the analysis scheme: each sample has been represented in a separate part of the present paper. The study is summed un by an attempt to estimate the general range of adjudgement of the special measures towards recidivists. The results of the estimation indicate that the application of the special measures towards recidivists is of a very broad range. As many an approximately a half of the common recidivists had been subjected to supervision; failure occurred as regards 40 per cent of the supervised persons, which makes about 1/5 of all common recidivists, and these persons came under the regulation providing the adjudgement of the centre in consequence of the failure of supervision. In 40 per cent of the cases the cause of the unsuccessful termination of supervision was the non-compliance with orders and duties by the supervised person, and in 60 per cent - commission of a new offence.             As regards multiple recidivists, there were as few as 14 per cent of them towards whom no special measure whatever had been adjudicated, owing to adjudgements of the execution of penalty courts. Approximately 27 per cent of the multiple recidivists had been sent to the centre immediately from prison, while approximately 59 per cent had been subjected to supervision. In over a half of these cases supervision was unsuccessful, which makes about 1/3 of the multiple recidivists. The cause of the unsuccessful termination of supervision was in 2/3 of the cases commission of a new offence, and in 1/3 of the cases non-compliance with orders and duties.
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