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Wsparcie i płeć psychologiczna kobiet i mężczyzn – raport z badań

100%
Molesztak A.
Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja
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2016
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vol. 10
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issue 2
152-162
EN
The aim of the research was to determine the psychological gender against the background of a partner’s support and the spouse’s workplace. The research involved a group of 503 married women and men, including 354 professional soldiers - of who 152 have participated in military missions and 202 work in Poland. The research included also 149 women - 94 wives of soldiers participating in missions and 55 women in relationship with soldiers doing their job in Poland. To collect the data for research the nonprobability snowball and purposive sampling methods have been applied. The research was conducted in 2013. The respondents, in majority showing androgynous characteristics, perceive the support on the part of their families as average or very low. Substantial differences as to the psychological gender and support have been observed in the group of soldiers doing their service in their home country. The feminine men and people with unspecified gender identity seem to receive the lowest support, while the androgynous people and male men experience the highest one. Interesting dispersion of results has been observed - the lowest for the group of feminine men, the highest for the androgynous ones
2
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Gender and agency versus communion at the threshold of adulthood

92%
Kalka D.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 4
444-452
EN
The aim of this study was to verify the importance of reinforcing a sex stereotype onparticipants’ identification with this role. The results were analysed as a function of both biological sex (63 women and 65 men) and psychological gender (58 sex-typed individuals and 70 androgynous individuals). In the study the Psychological Gender Inventory was used, as well as a scale measuring Agency and Communion, a scale measuring Unmitigated Agency and Unmitigated Communion, lists of sentences containing stereotypes of the male sex and the female sex, and sentences that were neutral with regard to sex. The results showed that feminine women ascribed more female characteristics to themselves regardless of whether the role that was associated with their biological sex was reinforced or not. Men showing characteristics of both sexes ascribed a similar level of unmitigated communion and agency to themselves irrespective of whether the sex stereotype was reinforced or not
3
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Identity dimensions versus proactive coping in late adolescence while taking into account biological sex and psychological gender

92%
Kalka D., Karcz B.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2016
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vol. 47
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issue 3
300-310
EN
The aim of study was to investigate the relationship between proactive coping strategies and the dimensions of identity formation, along with the role of biological sex and psychological gender as moderators for this relationship. We conducted analyses aimed at showing differences in terms of identity dimensions levels and proactive coping strategies used by a group of individuals with different biological sex and psychological gender. A group of 101 students from upper secondary schools (47 females, 54 males) from Pomeranian Voivodeship took part in the study. We used in our research The Dimensions of Identity Development Scale; The Psychological Gender Inventory and The Proactive Coping Inventory for Adolescents. We found, among others, that in the case of a proactive strategy, biological sex turned out to be a significant moderator in the relationship between this variable and identity dimensions: ruminative exploration, commitment-making and identification with commitment. In the case of instrumental support seeking, psychological gender turned out to be a significant moderator for the relationship between these variables and a part of identity dimensions. The obtained results show that, regardless of whether young people, in terms of characteristics that are stereotypically associated with biological sex, are described as aschematic (undifferentiated individuals) or schematic (sex-typed) when entering adulthood and attempting to constitute themselves, more often cope in a task-oriented manner by trying to create a set of information useful in difficult situations and aspire to obtain informational support from individuals in one’s own social network, who are regarded as safe people.
4
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Role grupowe a płeć psychologiczna i kompetencje społeczne

92%
Strzelczyk-Muszyńska D., Instytut Psychologii U. Ł.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica
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2007
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vol. 11
EN
The object of the study was to explore a potential relationship between group roles (the dependent variable) and psychological gender and social competence (the independent variables). The research was made more specific by asking three cognitive questions (Does the prevalence of the researched with IPP and KKS qualities differentiate the questioned women in their group role preferences (t-student)? Are specific group roles dependent on psychological gender (ANOVA)? Is there the joint impact of individual personality variables on displaying group roles (analysis of regression). The research was carried out on year three psychology students of the University of Łódź. The study has resulted in discovering statistically significant differences between representatives of different types of psychological gender and their group role preferences. We have also discovered a different prevalence of variables defined as social competence depending on the adopted group role.
5
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PŁEĆ PSYCHOLOGICZNA A ASERTYWNOŚĆ W BLISKICH ZWIĄZKACH

58%
Kuczyńska A.
Rocznik Lubuski
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2016
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vol. 42
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issue 1
19-35
PL
Celem przeprowadzonych badań było udzielenie odpowiedzi na trzy pytania badawcze. Pierwsze dotyczyło częstości z jaką kobiety i mężczyźni w bliskich związkach prezentują wobec siebie zachowania świadczące o ich asertywności, drugie wiązało się z poznaniem roli jaką odgrywa płeć psychologiczna w podejmowaniu tego typu zachowań, a trzecie konsekwencji jakie wynikają z podejmowania tego rodzaju zachowań dla zadowolenia z intymnej relacji. W przeprowadzonych badaniach uczestniczyło 60 par (120 osób). Wykorzystano trzy narzędzia samoopisowe: własnej konstrukcji Kwestionariusz Zachowań Asertywnych w Związkach, Inwentarz Płci Psychologicznej A. Kuczyńskiej oraz Kwestionariusz Miłości B. Wojciszke. Badania wykazały m.in., że kobiety częściej wyrażają wobec swoich partnerów prośby i oczekiwania oraz negatywne opinie, a mężczyźni częściej niż ich partnerki prezentują nadmierną uległość. Kobiecość nie miała związku z częstością podejmowania zachowań świadczących o asertywności, a męskość była słabo, ale istotnie związana z wyrażaniem próśb i oczekiwań przez kobiety i mężczyzn oraz nadmierną uległością u mężczyzn. Im rzadziej kobiety prezentowały zachowania nadmiernej uległości oraz unikania konfliktów tym wyższa była satysfakcja ze związku doświadczana zarówno przez kobiety jak i mężczyzn. Im częściej kobiety wyrażają swoje prośby i oczekiwania wobec swoich partnerów tym były one i ich partnerzy zadowoleni ze swoich relacji. Rezultaty badań interpretowano w aspekcie współczesnych teorii i dotychczasowych wyników badań.
EN
The aim of the research was to answer three research questions. The first referred to the frequency with which women and men in close relationships are assertive towards each other, the second was connected with discovering the role of psychological gender in this type of behaviour, and the third was about the consequences of such behaviour on the level of satisfaction with an intimate relation. The research comprised 60 couples (120 individuals). Three self-descriptive instruments were used: the author’s own design, a Questionnaire of Assertive Behaviour in Relationships, the Bem Sex-Role Inventory by A. Kuczyńska and the Love Questionnaire by B. Wojciszke. The research shows, among others, that women express requests and expectations towards their partners as well as negative opinions more often, while men, more often than their partners, present excessive submissiveness. There was no connection between femininity and assertive behaviour, while masculinity was feebly, but importantly connected with expressing requests and expectations by women and presenting excessive submissiveness by men. The less frequently women presented excessive submissiveness and strategies of avoiding conflicts, the bigger was the satisfaction with the relationship for both women and men. The more frequently women express their requests and expectations towards their partners, the more satisfied with the relationships they and their partners are. The results of the research were interpreted in relation to modern theories and results of earlier research.
6
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KOBIECOŚĆ I MĘSKOŚĆ POLAKÓW. SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWY WYMIAR PŁCI JAKO KATEGORIA ANALITYCZNA

47%
Paprzycka E., Mianowska E., Izdebski Z.
Rocznik Lubuski
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2016
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vol. 42
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issue 1
105-125
EN
The aim of this research was to identify the factors differentiating gender on the one hand and, on the other hand, to check how they differentiate the level of satisfaction with selected areas of public and private life. The following research questions have been asked: what is the gender of Poles, and by which socio-demographic variables is it differentiated, do sex and gender differentiate the level of satisfaction with the selected areas of public and private life? The hypothesis investigated in the research assumed the existence of differentiation due to sex and gender. Statistical analysis was also intended to identify the possibility of the existence of an interactive effect between sex and gender which would be responsible for differentiating the level of satisfaction. The research was carried out on a representative sample of Poles aged 15-59, using the techniques of direct interview, questionnaire and The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). On the basis of the results obtained in the research it has been concluded that the socio-demographic factors which were taken into consideration do differentiate the genders of the cohort. The relation between gender and satisfaction with the chosen areas of life has been confirmed, whereas in the case of sex such a bond has been observed only in assessment of marriage/ permanent relation and in self-assessment of physical attractiveness. The data shows that the most satisfied category, in all analyzed dimensions, are androgynous persons.
PL
Celem badań było z jednej strony rozpoznanie czynników różnicujących płeć społeczno-kulturową, a z drugiej sprawdzenie jak różnicują one oceny zadowolenia z wybranych obszarów życia publicznego oraz prywatnego. Postawiono następujące pytania badawcze: jaka jest płeć społeczno-kulturowa Polaków i jakie zmienne społeczno-demograficzne ją różnicują oraz czy płeć i płeć społeczno-kulturowa różnicują ocenę zadowolenia z wybranych obszarów życia publicznego oraz prywatnego. Weryfikowane w badaniach hipotezy zakładały istnienie zróżnicowań ze względu na płeć biologiczną i płeć społeczno-kulturową. Analizy statystyczne objęły również sprawdzenie czy między płcią biologiczną a społeczno-kulturową istnieje efekt interakcyjny odpowiedzialny za zróżnicowanie poziomu zadowolenia. Badania przeprowadzono na reprezentatywnej próbie Polaków w wieku 15-59 lat i realizowano z zastosowaniem techniki wywiadu bezpośredniego, ankiety oraz Inwentarza do oceny Płci Psychologicznej (IPP). Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że wzięte pod uwagę czynniki społeczno-demograficzne okazały się różnicować płeć społeczno-kulturową badanych. Potwierdzono związek płci społeczno-kulturowej z zadowoleniem z wybranych obszarów życia, podczas gdy w przypadku płci biologicznej związek taki stwierdzono tylko w przypadku oceny małżeństwa/stałego związku i samooceny atrakcyjności fizycznej. Z danych wynika, że najbardziej zadowoloną we wszystkich analizowanych wymiarów kategorią osób są osoby androgyniczne.
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