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Prakseologia
|
2012
|
issue 153
215-226
EN
The phenomenon of providing support is a vital component of social life, assuming numerous and various forms. In the article, the author focuses on characterising the crucial condition of efficient psychological support provided on an individual basis for people facing difficulties surpassing their current adaptation capacities. The basis of efficient support is the creation of the so-called helping relationship that is a taskoriented, contains a specific emotional relation with the client, and facilitates support provision and acceptance. According to the author, the “I’m OK, you’re OK” attitude of the helper is an essential condition for the achievement of an effective helping relationship. The author advocated the Nonviolent Communication Model by Rosenberg as a specific tool not only for developing such social skills as empathy and assertiveness, but also as a tool for helping to develop the “I’m OK, you’re OK” approaches. Although the presentation concerns individual support, it can be supposed that this approach can be referred, at least partially, to other forms of support found in social and economic life.
EN
While on duty, soldiers are exposed to severe stress, and mental condition has a direct impact on the efficacy of their performance. The paper shows how the specificity of soldiers’ work affects their mental health. The importance of the role of psychologists in the army is emphasized, and the consequences of negligence in soldiers’ mental care are indicated. The way in which the mental health of soldiers is protected in Poland, by the state itself and by the institutions established for this purpose, is also characterised. Special attention is paid to mental health care for the soldiers that take part in foreign military missions, who are exposed to psychological trauma as a result of isolation from the family and friends, and as a result of being placed in a new cultural and religious environment. On the basis of the above, the necessity of implementing new system solutions to ensure the effective psychological protection of soldiers is indicated.
EN
The article is devoted to the issue of organizing inclusive education in Russian universities. The authors of the article offer a comparative analysis of the concepts used in the psychological and pedagogical Russian literature and practice: “invalid” and “person with disabilities”. The article focuses on the psychological and pedagogical organization of educational activities at the university with psychology students, taking into account their nosology. The authors describe their experience in organizing and conducting psychological and pedagogical support for disabled students studying at the university; forms and methods. The description of work experience is based on the theoretical and methodological foundations of Russian psychology and pedagogy. The article describes the work of different departments of the university and proves the idea of the need for comprehensive support for students with disabilities studying at Russian universities.
EN
Motivation is an important tool which can have a signifi cant impact to improve the performance of employees in any organization and in the current competitive world, employees’ commitment is crucial in achieving the organizational goals. The current research is aimed at examining the role played by motivation in sustaining the commitment of sales professionals. Primary data has been collected among 100 sales professionals using the close-ended questionnaire. For the analysis purpose both descriptive and inferential analysis has been conducted. The fi ndings from the analysis show that most factors included in the model to measure the motivation show a signifi cant and positive impact. Similarly the coeffi cient for organizational support, psychological support and fi nancial support shows a positive and signifi cant impact. In examining the impact of increased motivation on employees’ commitment, the results were also statistically signifi cant and positive. On the basis of the fi ndings it can be concluded that the motivation has a signifi cant and positive impact on employees’ commitment so organizations should focus on motivating their employees; however, the method used for motivation can differ from one organization to another.
EN
The article presents matter of victim psychology. Victimology is the scientific study of victimization including the relationships between victims and offenders, the interaction between victims and the criminal system and the connections between victims and other societal groups and institution. The report is focused on the victims of trafficking in women for the purpose of sexual exploitation and on the victim personality, victim’s behaviour and psychological support.
PL
W artykule omówiono zasady i możliwości psychologicznego wsparcia osób niewidomych i niedowidzących. Autor analizuje elementy wsparcia psychologicznego osób z głębokim upośledzeniem wzroku: testy psychologiczne, psychoprofilaktykę, działania edukacyjne indywidualne i grupowe. Podkreśla znaczenie kompleksowego zakresu wsparcia psychologicznego. Poza tym zwraca uwagę na to, że praca korekcyjna z osobami niewidomymi i niedowidzącymi zakłada konieczność użycia materiałów psychodiagnostycznych dostosowanych do różnych etapów i poziomów niepełnosprawności.
EN
The author of the article analyses the principles and features of psychological support to blind and partially sighted. She also analyses the elements of psychological support to people with profound visual impairment: psychological testing, prevention and correction, individual and group educational activities. Emphasis has been placed on the importance of comprehensive psychological care in support of members of inclusive spaces. Attention is drawn to the fact that the work with the blind and visually impaired at different stages of their integration into the society implies, inter alia, the need to use diagnostic material proper for different levels of impairment, and to consider the effect of visual deprivation on the formation of personality.
Sztuka Leczenia
|
2020
|
vol. 35
|
issue 1
19-25
PL
Opracowanie dotyczy terapeutycznej roli wsparcia psychicznego w przygotowaniu chorych do poważnych zabiegów ginekologicznych. Celem badań była ocena zależności pomiędzy wsparciem psychicznym udzielonym kobietom oczekującym na zabieg usunięcia narządu rodnego a ich samopoczuciem i zapotrzebowaniem na leki przeciwbólowe i uspokajające w okresie pooperacyjnym. W badaniach uczestniczyło 60 pacjentek oddziału ginekologii onkologicznej oczekujących na zabieg usunięcia narządu rodnego z powodu zmian nowotworowych, przyporządkowanych do grupy eksperymentalnej i kontrolnej, każdej liczącej po 30 osób. Grupa kontrolna była przygotowywana do zabiegu operacyjnego w sposób standardowy, podczas gdy grupę kobiet z grupy eksperymentalnej objęto dodatkowym oddziaływaniem o charakterze psychologiczno-wspierającym realizowanym przez położną. W wyniku tego działania w grupie eksperymentalnej uzyskano wyraźną poprawę samopoczucia pacjentek po zabiegu operacyjnym, jak również zmniejszenie zużycia leków przeciwbólowych, uspokajających i nasennych. Wyniki te potwierdzają potrzebę traktowania środków psychologicznych jako integralnego elementu leczenia i pielęgnacji.
EN
This review discusses the role of therapeutic support in the preparation of patients for serious gynecological surgeries. The goal of the studies was to evaluate the relationship between emotional support, which was provided to women awaiting the operation of genital organs excision, and their general feeling, as well as the postoperative need for analgesics and tranquilizers. The study was performed on 60 patients from the gynecological ward who were waiting for the operation of the genital organs excision due to oncologic disease. They were divided into an experimental and control group of 30 patients each. Patients from the control group were prepared for the surgery in a standard way, while women from the experimental group were provided with additional emotional support from a midwife. As a result, the postoperative general feeling of patients from the experimental group improved considerably and their need for analgesics, tranquilizers and sleep-inducing drugs decreased. These results prove that it is essential to consider the psychological actions as an integral element of treatment and nursing
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