Search results - CEJSH

1

Bagno behawioralne – reduktor wewnątrz sterowności – generator zewnątrz sterowności. Adolescent w ponowoczesnej rzeczywistości

100%

Stradomska M.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2017

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issue 2(19)

89-97

EN

This article is to constitute the conclusion on the subject of the concept of behavioral sink and suicidal problems in the present times. For ages, people have occupied certain spaces and operate in their area. As communities, there are some cultural, economic and social systems. Thus they give shape to the spaces occupied - they form countries, regions, cities, villages and districts. All these territorial units, as well as architecture, houses, streets, public buildings and other elements of the landscape - constitute a socially created space. Researchers are trying to explain some issues through approaches in psychology: behavioral, humanistic, functional, cognitive or psychodynamic. Modernity is associated with many challenges of a psychological nature. Too many people in a territory cause many negative phenomena, including suicidal behavior. Due to the various models of interpretation of this phenomenon, the work is only a prelude to further theoretical and practical considerations in the field of behavioral sink.

2

Online psychological help and psychosupport in psychological and pedagogical practice

80%

Aouil B.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2011

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vol. 1

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issue 1

137-143

EN

Modern information technology has been incorporated into almost all aspects of life. As a consequence of computer and Internet accessibility, the percentage rise in their users, especially young people, has been observed. My professional experience of psycho-logical help for the youth has suggested that young people prefer anonymous virtual counselling, psychological and spiritual support (i.e. „virtual guardian angel”), where one can consult a psychologist anytime about various issues, to direct contacts. However, this attitude is not a hindrance to real contacts (direct or the so-called live contacts), designed to offer help and support. The paper attempts at analyzing some of the issues regarding online psychological help from the perspective of current challenges and expectations. It refers to methodology as well as practical and ethical issues and analyses the usefulness of this new type of help for enriching the achievements of clinical psychology and improving assistance tools

3

The role of understanding the brain death concept in individuals’ willingness to donate organs – preliminary study

80%

Hulewska A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2011

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vol. 1

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issue 1

57-62

EN

Purpose: The study tries to explore if there is an association between the level of understanding the brain death concept and the willingness to organ donation. Methods: For the purpose of that study the two-step method was introduced. The first stage was planned to test people’s ideas about brain death and then separate main groups of responses from these ideas. Those general categories were used in the second phase of the study. 550 respondents completed self-administered questionnaire comprised three sections: (1) understanding the term brain death scale; (2) willingness to donate scale; and (3) general demographic questions. Results: It turned out that just over 50% of respondents correctly associated the death of the human brain with the patient’s death. The rest of the subjects was convinced that the diagnosis of brain death means that the organism had a chance to survive. Significant association between the participants’ willingness to donate their organs after death and their understanding of the concept of brain death was found. Conclusions: The results supported the prediction that having a thorough knowledge of the concept of brain death is associated with a greater willingness to become an organ donor after one’s death. Our findings show how important providing professional education on transplantation in our society is.

4

Nadciśnienie tętnicze w ujęciu neuropsychologicznym

80%

Witkowska M., Naumczyk P., Jodzio K.

Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka

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2015

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vol. 31

7-22

PL

Nadciśnienie tętnicze (hypertension, HTN) jest jednym z najbardziej rozpowszechnionych przewlekłych problemów zdrowotnych wśród osób dorosłych w społeczeństwach uprzemysłowionych. Ponad 68 milionów ludzi na świecie ma zbyt wysokie ciśnienie krwi i jedynie 50% spośród nich znajduje się pod kontrolą lekarską. Na uwagę zasługuje obszerność literatury potwierdzająca wpływ czynników behawioralnych, psychologicznych i społecznych na częstość występowania i utrzymania choroby wieńcowej oraz nadciśnienia tętniczego. W ciągu minionych 50 lat szeroko zakrojone badania udokumentowały wpływ stresu i czynników dyspozycyjnych w etiologii obu chorób. Ponadto, coraz częściej podkreślane są te następstwa nadciśnienia tętniczego, które w sposób bezpośredni oddziałują na ośrodkowy układ nerwowy (OUN), a w konsekwencji na szeroko rozumiane funkcjonowanie poznawcze. Niestety przegląd obszernej literatury przedmiotu skłania do wniosku, że problemy neuropsychologiczne osób z HTN rozpatruje się często w nadmiernie wycinkowy sposób. Artykuły w głównej mierze koncentrują się na tradycyjnych aspektach psychosomatycznych choroby, takich jak emocje czy stres, a pomijają potencjalne konsekwencje poznawcze HTN. Funkcjonowanie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego rozpatruje się wyłącznie na tle chorób naczyniowych mózgu. W rezultacie niedocenia się negatywnego wpływu HTN na funkcjonowanie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, a tym samym na przedwczesny proces starzenia się mózgu, którego wyrazem są naczyniowe ograniczenia poznawcze. Z tego powodu treść niniejszego artykułu koncentrując się przede wszystkim na współczesnych badaniach, podsumowuje bieżącą wiedzę na temat behawioralnych, psychologicznych i mózgowych korelatów chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nadciśnienia tętniczego.

EN

Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most prevalent chronic health problems among adults in industrialized societies. More than 68 million people worldwide have high blood pressure, and only 50% of them are under medical supervision. Noteworthy is voluminous literature confirming the impact of behavioral, psychological and social factors on the incidence and maintenance of coronary artery disease and hypertension. Over the past 50 years, extensive research has documented the impact of stress and dispositional factors in the etiology of those both diseases. The consequences of high blood pressure, which directly affect the central nervous system, and thus the cognitive functioning, are emphasized. Unfortunately, a comprehensive review of the literature leads to the conclusion that the neuropsychological problems of patients with HTN are insufficiently highlighted. Articles mainly focus on the traditional aspects of psychosomatic issues, such as emotions or stress, and ignore the potential cognitive consequences of HTN. The functioning of the central nervous system is considered in context of various cerebrovascular diseases. Consequently, the negative impact of the HTN on functioning of the central nervous system as well as premature ageing of the brain reflected by vascular cognitive impairment are underestimated. The content of this article focuses primarily on contemporary research. It also summarizes the current knowledge about the behavioral, psychological and brain correlates of dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system, with a particular emphasis on hypertension.

5

Zastosowanie technologii wirtualnej rzeczywistości w psychologii

80%

Łukowska M.

Rocznik Kognitywistyczny

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2011

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vol. 5

103-108

EN

This paper is the review of virtual reality (VR) technologies application in psychology. At the beginning, definition of virtual reality is introduced with a special focus on immersion problem. Then, advantages of VR technologies usage in psychology are described. In the last part, few examples illustrating virtual reality environment applications in behavioral therapy, cognitive functions assessment and pain reduction are enumerated. At the end, some constraints of VR technologies usage are discussed.

6

Problemy etyczne w naukach o zdrowiu na przykładzie psychologii klinicznej i psychologii rehabilitacji

80%

Bidzan M., Bieleninik Ł., Bogucka D., Szulman-Wardal A.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

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2013

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vol. 18

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issue 3

363-374

EN

Psychology, as the science exploring multi-dimensional functioning of a man, definitely can be classified as one of the health sciences. Despite distinct ontological and epistemological backgrounds of life sciences – biology and medicine – they can co-exist with psychology, because they have a common focus: a human being. It is likely that representatives of health sciences will have the same moral problems, faced with the same subject: a patient. Due to this, the aim of this work is discussing ethical problems in health sciences, on the example of clinical psychology and rehabilitation psychology. Problems, which psychologists face, originate from the ancient times, when the job of the psychologist was unknown. The problems are primarily related to strong interpersonal influence and the risk of ‘power’ abuse. They can be categorized to four groups, including: diagnostic tests, psychological help, therapy and scientific research, including studies involving the use psychological experiments. Identifying the ethical dimension with the competence one, ethical problems occurring in those areas were analyzed in detail. Therefore we provide the reader with an opportunity to become acquainted with the ideal ethical behaviors model, i.e. the Psychology Profession Act, Mental Health Act and Ethical Code of this professional group. We will also show case common behaviors, which nevertheless are contradictory to the desired and expected ones.

7

Paradigm of Unity as a Prospect for Research and Treatment in Psychology

80%

Biela A.

Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration

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2014

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vol. 19

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issue 1-2

207-227

EN

The purpose of this paper is to show the methodological power and potentiality of the concept paradigm of unity introduced originally in the ceremony on the occasion of honoring Chiara Lubich with the doctor honoris causa title by the Catholic University of Lublin in 1996. Originally this conception was used to suggest the societal activity of Chiara Lubich in building, via the Focolari movement, psychosocial infrastructures for unity in various social domains, (for example in the economy of communion, in politics (politicians for unity project), in public media (journalists for unity), in ecumenism and inter-religious contacts (ecumenical and inter-religion Focolari Centers) This conception is a kind of a great inspiration (a kind of Copernican revolution in the social sciences) which would motivate the social sciences to build their own research paradigm of a type of mental and methodological power and potentiality which could give a new vision of social world (as Copernicus did in natural sciences (Biela, 1996, 2006)). Thomas Kuhn (1962) regarded the Copernician revolution as the one which, in the history of science, best illustrates the nature of scientific revolution. The essence of paradigm in a Kuhnian sense is a mentality change in its nature. Copernicus had to change the well-established geocentric system which functioned not only in the science of his day but also in culture, tradition, social perception, and even in the mentality of religious and political authorities. And he did it in a well prepared empirical, methodological and psychological way. In a similar way Chiara Lubich created by her social acting a revolutionary inspiration for building paradigm in social science She decided in an extremely difficult and risky situation in 1944 in Trento not only to escape from her own life emergency but she with her friends made a decision to help other people who were in a much more difficult situation to survive. She decided to take a war bombing risk to be with lost children and older people who were in need. It was a practical building of the unity with the real people who were in need. This kind of experience rediscovered the community as a model for the real life and made a concretization and clarification of the charisma of the unity. However, the development of this charisma shows that it is simply a concrete and practical actualization of the new vision of social, economic, political and religious relationships which advises, recommends, suggests, and promotes the unity with others persons (Lubich, 2007).

8

Study of Emotional Intelligence Patterns with Teachers Working in Public Education

80%

Balázs L.

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 1

46-56

EN

The data necessary for the empirical research presented it this study were provided by 572 people, from altogether 26 schools. The schools included 18 primary schools, 7 secondary training institutions and 1 primary and secondary school. The major question of the study related to the pedagogues' emotional intelligence, more precisely if the teachers of different institutions showed any individual differences in their emotional intelligence patterns according to the given type of their school's organisational culture. We also examined if the nature of the organizational culture had any influence on the development the individual's emotional intelligence pattern. On the basis of the results we can declare that the teachers of different institutions having their own particular organizational cultures evolve different emotional intelligence patterns. Accordingly, we can come to the conclusion that in the long term the organizational culture affects the evolution of the individual's emotional intelligence pattern and vice versa.

9

Comparison the Psychological Wellbeing of University Students from Hungary and Romania

80%

Barth A., Nagy I., Kiss J.

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education

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2015

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vol. 10

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issue 2

186-193

EN

The results obtained in our research of mental distress indicators and results of conflict management strategies are consistent with the results of international studies. Students participating in the study (N=237) reached the highest average results in the field of personal growth, while we measured the lowest value in the fields of autonomy and the dominance of the enviroment. Among the mental distress indicators the students gave the highest scores for the stress. The frequency examination showed the results of the participants to fall to 40.9% of moderate-severe and severe extreme range. While among the genders, women indicate much higher stress levels. In addition, the students preferred the avoiding conflict management strategy in preference to the other four strategies. While we compared the students from the two countries we found a significant difference between the survey field of autonomy and purpose in life. We also found a notable difference among the mental distress indicators. While the students of the University of Debrecen were moderate, the students of the universities of Oradea fell in the “slight” area (in the range of stress). For the usage of conflict management strategies we found no significant differences between the two countries' students. The students from both countries preferred the avoiding strategy. This study similiar to many national and international studies indicates the high level of stress among the students. One of the most important task of a higher education institution should be the protection of the students’ mental health which would lead to an improvement on well-being and that would cause the lowering of the stress level.

10

Psychology and Adaptation: the Work of Jerome Bruner

80%

Raw L.

Linguaculture

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2014

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vol. 2014

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issue 1

89-101

EN

This article offers a view as to why Jerome Bruner should become an important figure in future constructions of adaptation theory. It will be divided into three sections. In the first, I discuss in more detail his notions of transformation, paying particular attention to the ways in which we redefine ourselves to cope with different situations (as I did while visiting two specific museums in Vienna and Samos). The second will examine Bruner’s belief in the power of narrative or storytelling as ways to impose order on the uncertainties of life (as well as one’s expectations from it) that renders everyone authors of their own adaptations. In the final section I suggest that the capacity for “making stories” (Bruner’s term) assumes equal importance in psychological terms as it does for the screenwriter or adapter: all of us construct narratives through a process of individual distillation of experiences and information, and subsequently refine them through group interaction. Through this process we understand more about ourselves and our relationship to the world around us. I elaborate this notion through a brief case-study of Charlie Kaufman’s screenplay for the film Adaptation (2002).

11

Główne stanowiska w psychologii religii – wprowadzenie

80%

Zimnica-Kuzioła E.

Kultura i Wartości

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2012

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issue 1

57-70

EN

This article aims to provide a synthetic interpretation of the problems of the psychology of religion (the tradition and the present). The author discusses three issues: the academic status of the psychology of religion (as a subdiscipline of general psychology), the main concepts of the psychology of religion (psychoanalytic, behaviouristic, humanistic, historical and cognitive) and sources of religious faith from a psychological viewpoint. The psychology of religion is a subdiscipline of general psychology, which deals with the analysis of individual religiosity. The individual is the subject who experiences the sacred. The phenomenon of religiousness is explicated by genetic theories (developmental psychology and evolutionary psychology, i.e., ontogenetic and phylogenetic approaches) and by functional theories (the role of religion in individual life). Religion can perform the following functions in the life of an individual: it can give deeper meaning to human existence, strengthen one’s sense of security, ease fears, create community bonds. Bahaviourism is based on the proposition that the human being is a passive respondent to environmental influences. According to psychoanalytic theory, the human being is affected by internal dynamic forces, such as instinctual drives or contradictory aspirations. The cognitive theory grants more autonomy to the human being who processes information creatively, acquires knowledge and reaches existential conclusions by him/herself. The atheist approach explains religiosity in terms of mental processes, without vertical references. The humanistic theory focuses on the aspiration of the human being to self-development, assumes the existence of progressive tendencies in spiritual, emotional, physical and intellectual development. It should be stressed that psychological perspectives do not settle ontological problems. Their authors ought to avoid questions concerning the real existence of the subject of religious relation and focus their attention on the human being and his/her psychological needs and experiences. These factors should be considered when the issue of individual religiousness is examined. In practice, numerous theoretical psychologists have entered the field of metaphysics, forming unauthorized judgements about the existence or non-existence of God. G. W. Allport claims that the psychology of religion cannot fully explain the complex phenomenon of individual religiosity. Taking into account philosophical and theological perspectives provides a chance to gain a complete and unreduced picture.

PL

Celem artykułu jest syntetyczne ujęcie przedmiotu i obszarów zainteresowań psychologii religii (tradycja i współczesność). Autorka omawia trzy zagadnienia: akademicki status psychologii religii, jako subdyscypliny psychologii ogólnej, najważniejsze koncepcje psychologii religii (psychoanalityczną, behawiorystyczną, humanistyczną, historyczną i kognitywistyczną) i psychologiczne ujęcie źródeł religijności. Psychologia religii jest subdyscypliną psychologii ogólnej, zajmującą się analizą indywidualnej religijności, podmiotową stroną przeżywania sacrum.Fenomen religijności eksplikowany jest poprzez teorie genetyczne (psychologia rozwojowa i ewolucyjna, czyli ujęcie ontogenetyczne i filogenetyczne) i funkcjonalne (rola religii w życiu jednostki). Wśród funkcji religii w życiu jednostki najczęściej wymienia się nadanie głębszego sensu egzystencji, wzmocnienie poczucia bezpieczeństwa, łagodzenie lęków, tworzenie więzi wspólnotowych. W behawioryzmie jednostka stanowi bierny obiekt oddziaływań środowiska zewnętrznego, w koncepcji psychoanalitycznej człowiekiem kierują wewnętrzne siły dynamiczne, jest on determinowany poprzez popędy, czasem sprzeczne dążenia. Można tu mówić o „klinicznym portrecie jednostki”. Koncepcja kognitywistyczna przyznaje więcej autonomii jednostce, która w sposób twórczy przetwarza informacje, zdobywa wiedzę, samodzielnie dochodzi do pewnych wniosków egzystencjalnych. W wersji ateistycznej religijność tłumaczy naturalnymi procesami umysłowymi, bez odniesień wertykalnych. Koncepcja humanistyczna uwzględnia dążenie człowieka do samorozwoju, zakłada istnienie progresywnych tendencji w zakresie rozwoju duchowego, emocjonalnego, fizycznego i umysłowego. Zaznaczyć wypada, że ujęcia psychologiczne nie rozstrzygają problemów ontologicznych, ich autorzy powinni unikać pytań o realne istnienie przedmiotu relacji religijnej. W centrum ich zainteresowania powinien pozostać człowiek, jego psychiczne potrzeby i przeżycia. W ich świetle rozpatrywany jest problem religijności jednostki. W praktyce wielu teoretyków-psychologów wkraczało na teren metafizyki, wydając nieuprawnione sądy dotyczące istnienia bądź nieistnienia Boga. G. W. Allport pisał, że psychologia religii nie jest w stanie w pełni wyjaśnić złożonego fenomenu religijności. Uwzględnienie filozoficznej i teologicznej perspektywy daje szansę uzyskania pogłębionego obrazu – nieredukcyjnego.

12

Memorial note. Professor Jan Strelau (1931–2020)

80%

Brzeziński J. M., Zawadzki B.

Nauka

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2020

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issue 4

EN

The paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Jan Strelau, who passed away in Warsaw 4th of August 2020. Professor Jan Strelau was the most prominent and world-wide recognized Polish psychologist and his scientific contribution was essential for psychology of individual differences and studies on temperament. Paper presents the life and scientific achievements of Professor Jan Strelau.

13

Psychological internet interventions: concepts, applications, and challenges

80%

Cieślak R., Kozłowska A., Michalak N., Koch A., Rogala A.

Nauka

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2018

|

issue 3

EN

For over twenty years psychologists have been using information and communication technology to design solutions aimed at improving mental health and quality of life of their clients or patients. One of those solutions are internet interventions. Although these interventions are commonly used in other countries, knowledge about them in Poland is limited. The aim of the article is to introduce to the topic of psychological internet interventions by describing the basic functionalities of internet interventions, the context of their use, their classification, areas where they can be applied and challenges related to their future development and wider implementation.

14

Psychologia boju na przestrzeni dziejów. Człowiek w doświadczeniu granicznym

80%

Jarząbek M.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2015

|

issue 8, Antropologia i historia

333–338

XX

Report on the conference "Psychology of the battle over the course of time. Man in border experience" (Niepołomice, 25-26 September 2015).

15

Sprawozdanie z Konferencji Naukowej: Obcy. Inny. Taki sam w psychoterapii

80%

Kulesz Z.

Studia Elbląskie

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2018

|

vol. 19

633-639

16

Sobre a psicologia da vinculação e os vínculos na pedagogia: do 1º ciclo do ensino básico

80%

António Carneiro Torres Lima A. C. T., Ramiro Délio Borges de Meneses R. D. B.

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2018

|

issue 1(28)

97-110

EN

This paper is focused by the autors in the psychological vinculation aspects acording to the application in Paedagogy. There are so many psichological coordinates from the philosophy to pedagogic elements. I would like to reflect to this point of science, because it`s very significant for your recherche in paedagogy.

17

Syndrom des emotionalen Ausgebranntseins. Philosoph-psychologischer Aspekt

80%

Harchenko V. P.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2013

|

issue 2(12)

95-105

EN

Strained living conditions in modern society, leading to the appearance of different negative mental states of the personality, in many ways determine the necessity for the investigation of the phenomenon of psychological (emo- tional) burned out of people. "The phenomenon of being burned out is a complicated Mehrebenensymp- tomatologie of soul loss as a result of permanent psychological tension in emotionally or cognitively complex situations of professional interaction with other people before". We propose an approach to the study of the syndrome of mental burnout of the positions o the neoclassical Eroläuterung the dual human nature. The essence of unconventional view of the dual nature of human nature after a short run down to this. Man as such has two factors. In a man, so to speak coexist two people - "a man in general" and "one man". These factors are in the dialectic. "A man in general" is the ability of man as such the fundamental need of human life ever to have in an abstract concrete insensible of it form and to satisfy, but perceived and understood in the vicinity of the individuals of it as something individual of the human race , especially him absolutely similar, but in the same time also it absolutely strange.

18

Metody projekcyjne w ujęciu doświadczalniowo-analitycznym

80%

Marlena Stradomska M.

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2018

|

issue 1(28)

87-95

EN

This article discusses about the usefulness of projection techniques in an interdisciplinary sense. For many years, representatives of various fields have been dealing with the diagnosis, methodology and interpretation of human behavior. Therefore, using projection methods are a situation in which a person assigns individual incentives to any stimulus material. These tests allow to determine its methods of mental functioning, because it depends on what individual has needs, values or desires. The relevance of the projection technique depends on the extent to which the subject is unaware that during the study reveals his own beliefs, impulses and emotions. The results of projection tests should be interpreted by a psychologist with extensive experience in this area, because the lack of sufficient knowledge and competence can lead to errors affecting the results of the examined person.

19

Wstęp do psychologii miłości

80%

Błaszczyk M.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

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2021

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vol. 52

269-275

EN

The paper presents a critical approach to Psychologia kochania by Piotr Olesiński (Warszawa 2018). It discusses the main theses presented in the dissertation and invites to reflection focused on the psychological dimension of love, its role and place in human existence.

20

Dilemmas of Management Psychology in Building a Social Group in Military Institutions

80%

Wasilewski P.

Logistics and Transport

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2021

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vol. 49-50

93-102

EN

Technological progress on the battlefield and the evaluation of the tactics of soldiers' actions entail a change in the philosophy of human resource management in military institutions, and thus a reorientation in the preparation of commanders-leaders to perform this mission. The modern soldier represents a different level of psychophysical resources. The new, more precise and at the same time more complicated to use equipment forces a change in the concept of preparing a soldier to perform tasks. Directing the development of the contemporary battlefield forces the continuous expansion of the cognitive level, both in the general and specialist area. This new approach to soldier formation shifts the centre of gravity in leadership formation to the area of cognitive resource development. This changes the emphasis of training and education towards the theory of social communication underlying the creation of psychophysical resources and issues related to the contemporary psychology of management in the military environment.

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