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WHO WILL WIN THE COMPETITION? PERSONALITY, STRATEGY AND SUCCESS IN A COMPETITIVE GAME

100%
Czibor A., Bereczkei T.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2010
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vol. 65
|
issue 1
165-182
EN
From the evolutional perspective, goods gained in the competition can increase the individual’s prospect for surviving and mating, resulting in a higher genetic representation in the next generations. Our aim was to investigate how personality characteristics influence the benefits earned from and strategies applied to a competitive game that was played for real money. In the experimental settings university students played the Public Goods game, transformed to a competitive situation. We used Temperament and Character Inventory by Cloninger, and the Mach IV. Test in order to obtain information about the subjects’ personality and character profiles and their level of Machiavellianism. Furthermore, at the end of the experiment participants reported the main motives underlying their decisions during the game which enabled us to classify them as “individually-oriented” and “prosocially-oriented” players. Significant difference was found between the female and male participants in the amount of benefit they gained: the women’s contribution to the public goods was significantly higher, therefore they earned less money, than men did. The amount of benefit negatively correlated with Reward Dependence and Persistence. Finally, significant differences were revealed between individually-oriented and prosocially-oriented players in the strategy they played, and the amount of benefit they gained.
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Kapitał społeczny polskich studentów na tle międzynarodowym z wykorzystaniem wyników badań eksperymentalnych

51%
Markowska-Przybyła U., Ramsey D.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
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2017
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vol. LXVI
|
issue 2
9-36
PL
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań eksperymentalnych nad wybranymi aspektami kapitału społecznego w Polsce na tle innych państw. W odróżnieniu od wcześniejszych badań zastosowano inną metodę pomiaru poziomu kapitału społecznego, która umożliwia obiektywizację oceny zasobów tego kapitału. Zastosowana metoda badawcza bazuje na obserwacjach, nie zaś na deklaracjach respondentów, co pozwala na uchwycenie luki intencjonalno-behawioralnej. Analizowane są w nim następujące aspekty: zaufanie, wiarygodność i współpraca. W artykule porównano wyniki typowych gier eksperymentalnych – gry „zaufanie” oraz gry „dobro publiczne” – przeprowadzanych na całym świecie, w tym polskie badania autorów przeprowadzone na grupie 1540 studentów w 16 miastach – stolicach regionów Polski. Wyniki analizy porównawczej wskazują na niski poziom zaufania obserwowanego, co potwierdza wyniki przeprowadzanych cyklicznie badań sondażowych, niski poziom wiarygodności, jednak towarzyszy im zaskakująco wysoki poziom współpracy obserwowany w grze „dobro publiczne”.
EN
This article presents the results of experimental research carried out in Poland on chosen aspects of social capital. The aspects considered are: trust, trustworthiness, and cooperation. The authors use a novel method of assessing the level of social capital, which is aimed at describing the form of such capital more objectively. The method applied is based on the observed behaviour of individuals, and not on declarations. This enables us to investigate the gap between intention and behaviour. Our research was conducted on a total of 1540 students at universities in 16 Polish cities – each being a regional capital, and was based on commonly used experimental games: the „Trust Game” and the „Public Goods Game”. These results are compared to studies from a large number of other countries all over the world. The results from the trust game indicate that there is a low level of trust in Poland, which confirms the results obtained from periodic social surveys. However, the level of cooperation observed in the „Public Goods Game” is surprisingly high.
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