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Between Stylistics and Discourse Analysis

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EN
The research deals with the relationship of linguistic stylistics and discourse analysis and indicates the possibilities of the connectedness and mutual enrichment of both disciplines. The subject of analysis is a text which we understand as a joint startingpoint object of analyses and, at the same time, also as a mean testifying the affinity of both disciplines. We relate the stylistic understanding of the notion of text as a linguistic-thematic structure with a more recent definition of the term discourse within which in the foreground is the social aspect of language and the text functions as a constituent by means of which we penetrate into the purport of the functioning of humans in social interactions with regard to the extra-linguistic factors participating in the social event. On the basis of topical publicistic texts we illustrate the application of the stylistic and discourse-analytical tools within observing the phenomenon of intertextuality (or interdiscoursivity) entailing the mixing of the means of expression, the crossing of the content-and-composition-related strategies in connection with the hybridization of the value identity of the text (the sophisticated with ordinary, the serious with tabloid) and of the genre models with regard to the meaning of these procedures in grasping the reality.
EN
The arlicle examines the method of analysis of newspaper s language/ The main factor of this method is a system of genres. The chief change of this system by this time is reducing amount of publicistic mediatext and increase of information torrenl.
EN
The displacement o f a scientific paradigm has occurred in modem linguistics: the transition from the systematic approach to the study o f language in the communicative approach. We can observe the formation o f a new, communicative stylistics o f text. This stylistics takes place o f the traditional functional stylistics. If the text is the most important part o f the language system in the functional stylistics, then the text in the communicative stylistics is simply a verbal work by a sender which is directed at the addressee. The main intention o f the author-publicist is to convince the reader not only to the legitimacy o f the idea (ideologism), suggested by the author, but also to its correctness. Therefore, the main text-forming (intentional) categories o f any publicistic work as an impactful type o f text are the ideologism, the nomination, the evaluative format, the interpretation and the tone. It means that a certain suggested idea (ideologism) is being realized in the publicistic text with the help o f author’s evaluative foundation, the interpretation o f reality, and the strategy o f naming the stylistic manner o f disclosure (communicative aggression, communicative approval or an emphasized objectivity). All mentioned categories provide the realization o f the author’s global convincing strategy in a publicistic text and further - in a publicistic discourse as a compilation of the publicistic texts, submerged in a communicative situation (for the publicistic discourse - in the ideological communicative situation). And therefore, we can consider the ideologism, the evaluative format, and the ideological interpretation o f the event, to be the discourse (hyper-textual) characteristics o f publicism.
EN
The aim of the article is to examine the views of scientists-methodologists on the formation of students’ linguistic and sociocultural competence and competence in reading. The following research methods were applied: examination of the state educational documents, curricula, analysis of research works, practical recommendations, textbooks and manuals. The issues of linguo-sociocultural competence formation are examined by such scholars as L. Chernovatii, V. Safonova, V. Furmanova, S. Somova, F. Kebekova and others. L. Chernovatii explores the sociolinguistic features of English texts in the aspect of translation activities. V. Furmanova studies the issues of formation of intercultural competence. Undoubtedly, one of the goals of modern language education is the formation of sociocultural and sociolinguistic competences. The formation of linguistic and sociocultural competence is not a separate process. It occurs within acquisition of all language and speech competences. A useful work is a textbook for students of classical, pedagogical and linguistic universities “Foreign languages and cultures teaching methods: theory and practice” (authors Bіgich O.B., Borisko N.F., Boretskaya G.E., etc., under the general editorship of S.Y. Nikolaeva). The book introduces the basics of the formation of language, speech, linguistic and sociocultural competence and educational-strategic competencies based on competence, communicative, cultural, reflexive, and professionally oriented approaches; shows the way of implementation of integrated teaching of foreign languages and cultures. In particular, the goals, stages and means of formation of linguistic and sociocultural competence are defined; recommendations for the control of the level of its formation are given. A. Kvasova recommends to teach reading using the authentic texts. Such texts have the advantage, as they are samples of real communication. A publicistic text is considered the best example of authentic text. The combination of the formation of linguistic and sociocultural competence and competence in reading is effective and integral component of the process of teaching foreign languages. Therefore, the problem of formation of the linguistic and sociocultural competence and competence in reading remains relevant
EN
The article focuses on the analysis of the language means of the negative emotions verbalization in modern publicistic texts in Ukrainian and English. A direct nomination of emotions, interjections, vulgar words, exclamatory marks, metaphors, negative particles are considered to be the main means of the negative emotions expression.
PL
W artykule dokonano analizy sposobów wyrażania negatywnych emocji gniewu, nienawiści, oburzenia we współczesnych ukraińskich oraz angielskich tekstach publicystycznych. Bezpośrednia nominacja emocji, wyrazy-wykrzykniki, brutalna leksyka, znaki wykrzyknienia, metaforyczne przeniesienia, negatywnie zabarwione partykuły to środki wyrażenia negatywnych emocji.
EN
At present, in different styles of the literary language and various spheres of communication, there is an increase in such a layer of vocabulary as the tsar-derivatives. Formed by the «word-word» model, they are the result of a secondary nomination (derivatives of meaning and morphological composition). All the tsar-derivatives are motivated by the lexeme tsar. In complex compound nouns, the tsar acts as an evaluative (feature) component. The author associates the wide dissemination of the tsar-derivatives with their complex seme composition and connotative components “best”, “outstanding among the same”, “main”, “sacred”, “large”, “turned to the old, to the past of Russia”. In this paper, an attempt to present the existence of tsar-derivatives in the sphere of publicism is made. The publicistic style, its functions, information, analytical, artistic and publicistic genres are briefly described. The emphasis is on the most important unit of the publicistic text - the headline. Attention is drawn to the specificity of the expression of the author’s position in the texts containing the tsar-derivatives. It is proved that creolised publicistic texts not only attract the attention of the reader, but also influence them.
RU
В настоящее время в разных стилях литературного языка и разных сферах общения отмечается наращивание такого пласта лексики, как царь-производные. Образованные по модели «слово + слово», они являются результатом вторичной номинации (производные по смыслу и морфологическому составу). Все царь-производные мотивированы лексемой царь. В сложносоставных существительных царь- выступает как оценочный (признаковый) компонент. Широкое распространение царь-производных автор статьи связывает с их сложным семным составом и коннотативными компонентами ‘лучший’, ‘выдающийся среди подобных’, ‘главный’, ‘сакральный’, ‘большого размера’, ‘обращённый к старине, к прошлому России’. В данной работе предпринимается попытка представить бытование царь-производных в сфере публицистики. Кратко охарактеризован публицистический стиль: его функции, информационные, аналитические, художественно-публицистические жанры. Акцент делается на важнейшей единице публицистического текста – заголовке. Обращается внимание на специфику выражения авторской позиции в текстах, содержащих царь-производные. Обосновано, что креолизованные публицистические тексты не только привлекают внимание читателя, но и воздействуют на него.
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