Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 9

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  publicistika
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
Based on textx excerpted from Czechoslovak periodicals and dailies of that time the study shos changes of the image of nuclear power and nuclear energy in Czechoslovakia between the 1950s and the 1980s, as well as the position of environmental issues in it. In the 1950s, the image prevailing in periodicals and dailies was that of harnessed and transformed nature, with the anticipated arrival of nuclear power plants presented as a natural replacement of coal-fired plants necessitated by limited coal reserves. At that time there were no doubts about the ''cleanliness'' of nuclear power plants. In the decades that followed, the strategy of authors, often experts in the field and promoters of science, changed, as the ''nuclear optimism'' was ebbing. They started, albeit cautiously, admitting a possibility of health; however, referring to accurate data, they were also downplaying the risk, claiming it was highly unlikely. The authoress contextualizes the Czechoslovak nuclear energy discourse, showing that there were no significant differences from the general ''nuclear optimism'' prevailing in the Soviet Union, United States or France; however, since the mid-1960s, and particularly since the following decade, the shape and form of the discourse in the Soviet Bloc diverged from that in the West considerably. In Czechoslovakia, the discourse was monopolized and no texts questioning the Czechoslovak orientation on nuclear energy could be officially published. The inertia of the positive image of nuclear power in Czechoslovak journalism was made possible not only by the socialist dictatorship, but also by a continuity of authors. In this respect, there were never a question whether to use nuclear power or not; the question was how to develop it in a way guaranteeing a sufficient level of environmental protection and safety of nuclear power plants.
CS
a2_Autorka československý diskurz o jaderné energii kontextualizuje a ukazuje, že zatímco v padesátých letech se nijak zásadně nelišil od všeobecného ,,atomového optimismu'', vládnoucího stejně tak v Sovětském svazu, Spojených státech nebo Francii, od druhé poloviny šedesátých let, a zejména následující dekády se podoba tohoto diskurzu v sovětském bloku a na Západě značně diferencovala. V Československu byla jeho produkce monopolizována a texty zpochybňující československou orientaci na jadernou energetiku nemohly být oficiálně publikovány. Setrvačnost pozitivního obrazu jaderné energetiky v československé publicistice byla umožněna podmínkami socialistické diktatury, ale také personální kontinuitou autorů. Otázka zde nikdy nezněla, jestli jaderná energetika ano, či ne, ale jak při jejím rozvoji zajistit dostatečnou ochranu životního prostředí a bezpečnost jaderných elektráren.
EN
a2_Czechs, according to the author, often described themselves as rational and efficient bearers of Western Civilization, but were, they felt, sometimes excesively lenient or idealistic. A quite different picture of Carpathian Ruthenia, the author argues, was offered by the journalism of the Czechoslovak Communists. In the 1920s, the Communists were the strongest political party here and it was mainly their discourse that established the narrative about a Czech bourgeois dictatorship, occupation, and colonial practices. In the concluding sections of the article, the author presents a summary of how, from the 1930 to the present, Carpathian Ruthenia was present in Czech cultural memory and Czechoslovakia was present in the cultural memory and history of Carpathian Ruthenia.
CS
a2_Další dvě zdejší etnické skupiny, Maďary a Židy, naproti tomu Češi zobrazovali převážně negativně, jako orientálce protikladné Evropanům, jejichž vliv je nutné marginalizovat. Podobně záporné hodnocení platilo také pro podkarpatské komunisty, ukrajinské emigranty a řeckokatolickou církev. Sami Češi se podle autora často charakterizovali jako racionální a efektivní nositelé západní civilizace, avšak někdy též jako příliš mírní nebo idealističtí. Zcela odlišný obraz Podkarpatské Rusi, jak ukazuje autor, nabízela publicistika československých komunistů. Ti zde byli ve dvacátých letech nejsilnější politickou stranou a jejich diskurz nastoloval především narativ české buržoazní diktatury, okupace a koloniálních praktik. V závěrečných kapitolách studie podává autor přehled o tom, jak byla od třicátých do současnosti Podkarpatská Rus přítomná v české kulturní paměti a jak je Československo přítomno v kulturní paměti a historii Zakarpatí.
Acta onomastica
|
2020
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
299-310
EN
The study is aimed at variants and variation of place names in the Czech political discourse in the period between 1945 and 1989. It is illustrated with the place names Podkarpatská Rus / Zakarpatská Ukrajina (Carpathian Ruthenia / Zakarpatia), Bahía de Cochinos / Zátoka sviní (Bahía de Cochinos / Bay of Pigs), and Falklandy / Malvíny (the Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas). The usage of a particular form (variant) and the substitution of a place name for its variant reflect the process of their politicization and ideological presentation in that-time political journalism. It also shows their usage in symbolic and metaphorical ways through their occurrences in specific collocations. The analysis is based on the Rudé právo newspaper, the official medium of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
EN
This study seeks an answer to the question when and how the Czech romantic K. H. Mácha (1810–1836) started to be seen as a “modern” poet who could inspire authors writing decades after his death. The study proves that the image of “modern” Mácha as the first Czech poet to achieve the autonomy of art already existed between 1860 and 1890, and that Mácha’s artistic reputation grew constantly throughout the second half of the 19th century. This argument is based on a vast amount of evidence, mostly taken from literary journalism and criticism between 1858 and 1910 (the latter year seeing the centenary of Mácha’s birth).
EN
The goal of the study is to present the metaphorical usage of personal names in the newspaper opinion articles contained in the Czech National Corpus. The analysis is aimed at attributive collocations with adjectival forms český/moravský/slezský (Czech, Moravian, Silesian), and pražský/brněnský/ostravský (Prague ‒ Praha, Brno, Ostrava in the adjectival forms) + personal names referring to well-known foreign people, e.g., česká Edith Piaf, moravský Edison. The research showed that the attributive constructions are more frequent in serious newspapers than in tabloids. The Czech society orientation towards the Western, Euro-American civilization is illustrated with the continents (Europe, North America) and states (the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States of America) to which the selected personal names refer to. The formal aspects of the names are also examined ‒ e.g., their orthography, morphology, coinages of Czech female forms of male surnames and of hypocoristic forms, as well as their usage in communication (e.g., multireference of the construction to various people).
EN
The paper focuses on the frequency and collocation analyses of Česko (“Czechia”), the short, geographical name of our country, in the opinion journalism section of the eight-version SYN corpus, which comprises texts from the period of 1990−2018. Within the scope of the research, the period was divided into several sections, which are delineated by the breakthrough political and cultural events (the Czech Republic entering NATO, the Czech Republic entering the EU, climax of the first season of the Pop Idol-based contest Czechia Is Looking for a SuperStar, etc.). The frequency analysis is based on the relativization via i.p.m.; the collocability force is counted on the grounds of the logDice index, which is easy to be interpreted linguistically, and independent of the corpus size. The goal of the study is to capture basic motivations which led to the popularisation of the name and its expansion in the given discourse (e.g. the influences of other one-word names of states, sport commentaries, popular contests, and generation change). It is possible to sum up that the Česko name is employed in a variety of contexts, and its usage can be seen as unmarked.
EN
This text focuses on place names and their thematization in Czech opinion journalism in the mid-20th century. After describing general features of the thematization of proper names and the ways in which this process is accomplished – i.e. (re-)semantization through the use of collocations, onymic allusions, and symbolization –, the authors turn their attention to a qualitative textual analysis of political speeches. The collection consists of radio speeches given by exiled Czech politicians based in London and Moscow during the Second World War. The texts reflect a broad spectrum of Czech politicians, ranging from democrats (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) to Communists and their sympathizers (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
CS
Studie se zabývá toponymy a jejich tematizací v české publicistice 20. století. Na pozadí obecných charakteristik tematizace proprií a způsobů její realizace, např. (re)sémantizace prostřednictvím kolokací, onymických aluzí a symbolizace, se zaměřuje na kvalitativní textovou analýzu politických projevů. Analyzovaný korpus textů zahrnuje rozhlasové projevy českých exilových politiků působících v době druhé světové války v Londýně a Moskvě. Texty odrážejí širokou škálu politického spektra, od demokratů (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) ke komunistům a jejich sympatizantům (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
EN
The article provides a critical analysis of the requirements of objective and balanced information in broadcasting, which are contained in Act No. 231/2001 Coll., on the Operation of Radio and Television Broadcasting and on Amendments to Other Acts, as amended, and also in the previous legislation. The article attempts to explain the nature of these requirements in the current social context. It comes to the general conclusion that these requirements are intended to represent general ideas of journalistic ethics and related ethical standards, which (in the case of some programmes, especially news programmes) are actually enforced through state supervision of radio and television broadcasting. This framework seems rational, at least in terms of the congruence of the public interest towards which both journalistic ethics and state supervision of broadcasting are in principle aimed. From this perspective, the so-called new media, which may replace the “traditional” media in practice and which are generally more loosely regulated by law (and to which the comparable requirement of objectivity and balance of information does not usually apply), appear problematic. The future solution to this disparity may be both to strengthen the regulation of the new media and/or to deregulate the traditional media in some way.
CS
Článek se zaměřuje na kritickou reflexi požadavků objektivity a vyváženosti poskytovaných informací, které jsou obsaženy v zákoně č. 231/2001 Sb., o provozování rozhlasového a televizního vysílání a o změně dalších zákonů, ve znění pozdějších předpisů, a v základu taktéž v předcházející právní úpravě. Článek se pokouší o přiblížení podstaty těchto požadavků v aktuálních společenských souvislostech. Dochází k obecnému závěru, že tyto požadavky mají reprezentovat obecné představy o žurnalistické etice a související základní etické standardy, které jsou (pro případ některých pořadů, zejména pořadů zpravodajských) fakticky vynucovány prostřednictvím státního dozoru nad rozhlasovým a televizním vysíláním. Tato konstrukce se zdá být racionální přinejmenším v rovině shodnosti veřejného zájmu, ke kterému v principu směřuje jak žurnalistická etika, tak státní dozor nad vysíláním. Problematická se z tohoto pohledu jeví tzv. nová média, která mohou média „tradiční“ v praxi nahrazovat a která jsou obecně volněji právně regulována (a srovnatelný požadavek objektivnosti a vyváženosti informací se na ně zpravidla neuplatňuje). Budoucím řešením této disproporce může být jak posílení regulace nových médií, tak určitá forma deregulace médií tradičních.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.