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EN
There were received Salzburg principles aimed to creating the doctoral programs in 2005. From a theoretical perspective, the article focuses on selected Salzburg principles and their implementation in conditions of Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences at University of Presov. There are presented the partial results of a quantitative content analysis of text documents in the presented article (individual characteristics of the curricula of the doctoral program in the field of study – pedagogy at selected universities in Slovakia and the Czech Republic).
EN
There were received Salzburg principles aimed to creating the doctoral programs in 2005. From a theoretical perspective, the article focuses on selected Salzburg principles and their implementation in conditions of Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences at University of Presov. There are presented the partial results of a quantitative content analysis of text documents in the presented article (individual characteristics of the curricula of the doctoral program in the field of study – pedagogy at selected universities in Slovakia and the Czech Republic).
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EN
The object of this paper is a quantitative study of sequential structures in the medieval Czech chronicle Dalimilova Kronika. The authors analyses style changes in the chronicle and tries to answer some questions concerning its authorship. Another topic discussed in this paper concerns the relationship between orality and literacy at the threshold of the Middle Ages in Europe. A philological approach, combined with quantitative tools including trend analysis and time series modeling, is applied in this paper.
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Content available remote

Quantitative typological analysis of Romance languages

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EN
Based on real-text corpora with syntactic annotation, this study quantitatively addressed the following two questions: whether quantitative methods and indexes can point to the diachronic syntactic drifts characterizing the evolution from Latin to Romance languages and whether these methods and indexes can provide evidence to evince the shared syntactic features among Romance languages and define them as a distinctive language subgroup. Our study shows that the distributions of dependency directions are suggestive of positive answers to the above two questions. In addition, the dependency syntactic networks extracted from the dependency treebanks reflect the degree of inflectional variation of a language, and the clustering analysis shows that these parameters, in spite of some imperfections, can also help differentiate Romance languages from Latin diachronically and from other languages synchronically.
EN
The paper proposes several indicators for the degree of convergence in the internationalization of European higher education, based on previous research on the topic and on the availability of data in the large repositories, such as Eurostat. Starting from longitudinal data series built using the values of the selected indicators in 2015; we have grouped European higher education systems in clusters, based on their similarity, that is, potential for medium term convergence. These findings may serve as a guiding methodology for further, more detailed investigations on convergence and divergence of higher education systems in Europe. The main limitations arise from the availability of data, more specifically from the lack of in-depth data collection at the European level.
EN
This paper describes an approach that allows to reduce error propagation when comparing historical topographic maps. By linking the fuzzy set theory with simple map algebra and Kappa statistics, the uncertainty resulting from dissimilar quality of the maps can at least be partly eliminated and a distinction between ‘true’ and ‘false’ land cover changes can be made.
EN
The objective of the research was a survey identification of the presence of the history of Communist Poland, PRL, in museum narrative in 1989–2017. Importantly, this is a repeated, supplemented, and more thorough research versus the one presented in the paper ‘PRL in Museum Narrative over the Last 25 Years’ published in 2014 in the Światowid. Rocznik Muzeum PRL-u (w organizacji) periodical. The research discussed in the present paper forms part of a doctoral dissertation, constituting the research’s second stage. As a result of the conducted research based on survey answers provided by museums and on individual research a database containing 642 exhibitions was created. When processing the data, quantitative analysis was adopted. After data cleaning the following statistical trends were analysed: exhibition duration over the whole research period, percentage of leading themes, percentage of themes in respective cities. The conducted analysis has permitted to observe trends in museum narrative concerning PRL. Also the most popular exhibition duration over the research period has been identified (up to two years and permanent exhibitions). The most popular categories have been named: art history, political history, history of everyday life. Three groups of urban centres where museum narrative is present to a varied degree have been named. The fourth group contains cities in whose museums the topic of PRL has not been tackled over the last 28 years, or such projects cannot be reliably confirmed.
EN
A large collection of autobiographical life story material available in oral-history data is used to examine how women and men of different socio-political groups (workers, intelligentsia, dissidents, and communist functionaries) narrate their lives in the time of state-socialist Czechoslovakia. Of particular interest is what these narratives imply for an understanding of the state-socialist gender order. The analysis combines quantitative (the frequency of word co-occurrences) and qualitative (a hermeneutic reading of text fragments) approaches. The results provide evidence that empirically supports what has previously been suggested in the literature: there was an interdependence of private and public spheres, with the family sphere differing in importance for women and men. Additionally, the discursive density and arrangement of these spheres in the life stories differs according to sociopolitical groups, and a third sphere, which we have labelled ‘politics’, emerges for some groups. The findings reveal insights into the relationship between the gender order and the life course through a narrative articulation of life stories of different social groups in Czech state-socialist society.
EN
The paper deals with the dependence of the share of households’ food expenditure on the total expenditure and the household’s size. This problem is important in applied welfare economics. According to the Engel’s law, the poorer household, the greater proportion of its total expenditure is devoted to the food consumption. In the study, the Working-Leser model was applied to Polish households microeconomic data from 2000, 2005 and 2009.
EN
Polish political scientists have been increasingly interested in political leadership. One may encounter an augmented number of studies concerning this issue. These are monographs as well as team works. Taking the latter into consideration one can identify 15 publications containing 354 articles. The analysis of their content leads to defining 5 main study areas. These study areas are: political leaders (55 articles); political leadership on local level (42); the theory of political leadership (31); political leadership in various countries and regions (19); political leadership (17).
EN
In this summary, it is essential to highlight that in his statements, J. Kaczyński touches upon a narrow range of subjects. He uses merely 12 nouns on a regular basis (issue, politics, Poland, Prime Minister, democracy, law, society, country, opposition, truth, economy (or finance) and prices). He rarely addresses foreign policy issues and fails to specifically refer to historical facts. However, it is impossible not to notice his critical assessment of the Polish government's actions. The most prominent subject of Kaczyński's speeches are the current state of democracy in Poland. This sentiment is best captured by the quotation “it is a practice [here: about the actions of the Polish Sejm - author's note] which does not fit into the framework of democracy”. This tone is used to refer to the alleged breaching of opposition's law, which points out the terrible condition of Polish democracy. Kaczyński's speeches paint the picture that the basic provisions of democracy being broken. Among his claims are alleged lying to the society by those in power, lack of control mechanisms over the institutions guiding the country's actions, inequalities in Polish political procedure, and, most importantly the breaking of the laws of the opposition.
EN
On the equivalents of the Greek ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον and ἡ ἁγιωσύνη in CS Psalter redactionsThe paper refers to the lexical variety of translations reflected in CS redactions of the Book of Psalms. It is focused on semantic and quantitative analysis of the use of Slavonic equivalents of the Greek ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον and ἡ ἁγιωσύνη (i.e., of vocabulary with the denotations: ‘sanctuary, temple, place of living/habitation of God’ and also ‘community of the faithful with the Lord, Church’) in selected representative CS redactions of the Book of Psalms: archaic, mixed (archaic and Russian), Russian (or East-Bulgarian), Norov, Athonite and Cyprian. The paper shows resemblances as well as differences among the confronted Psalters in the choice of the words considered and gives explanation of the uses observed. O odpowiednikach gr. ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον, ἡ ἁγιωσύνη w psałterzowych redakcjach cerkiewnosłowiańskichArtykuł dotyczy leksykalnej wariantywności przekładów zawartych w cs. redakcjach Księgi Psalmów. Koncentruje się na semantycznej i ilościowej analizie użyć słowiańskich odpowiedników gr. ὁ ναόϛ, ἡ ἐκκλησία, τό ἁγίασμα, τό ἁγιαστήριον, ἡ ἁγιωσύνη (tj. słownictwa z zakresu oznaczeń ‘świętego przybytku, budynku świątynnego, miejsca zamieszkania/przebywania Boga’, a także ‘zgromadzenia wiernych z Panem, Kościoła’) w wybranych reprezentantach cs. redakcji psałterzowych: archaicznej, mieszanej (archaiczno-ruskiej), ruskiej (albo wschodniobułgarskiej), norowskiej, atońskiej i cyprianowskiej. Eksponuje zarówno podobieństwa, jak i różnice w doborze rozpatrywanych leksemów w porównywanych psałterzach oraz podaje interpretację zaobserwowanych użyć.
Polonica
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2019
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vol. 39
219-242
EN
The distribution of four Polish participles across different functional styles has been discussed in many works, but never treated as an independent topic. This paper aims to examine the frequency of participles (both adjectival and adverbial) in 12 styles represented in the National Corpus of Polish Language (NKJP) and to provide some explanations for the varied distribution of these forms. It is done in the course of several quantitative analyses. The difference between adverbial participles and so-called quasi-participles is also taken into consideration. The data presented shows the direct correlation between the frequencies of every participle type and the formality level of a particular style. The difference between adverbial participles and quasi-participles is demonstrated as significant. The article provides new arguments for the thesis that anterior adverbial participles tend to disappear in Polish. Interestingly, there is also a very strong positive correlation between average sentence length across styles and the associated frequencies of adjectival participles, however it only concerns this particular group. The data for adverbial participles does not reflect this pattern. What is more, the probability that a word in a sentence is a participle is found to be growing along with sentence length for all four types of participles when the style division is not considered. It suggests that the origin of adverbial participles’ style distribution is more multifactorial than that of adjectival participles. It seems that all four participles are efficient grammar means to maximize the amount of information in a sentence by compacting additional verbal groups, but the adverbial participles also bear some other characteristics (i.e. relative tense marking, some vagueness of meaning) that could supposedly shape their functionality across styles.
PL
W artykule zbadano metodami kwantytatywnymi dystrybucję imiesłowów i quasi-imiesłowów w stylach funkcjonalnych języka polskiego wyróżnionych w NKJP. Dane pokazują zależność pomiędzy częstością występowania imiesłowów a formalnością stylu. Zaobserwowano także mocną korelację dodatnią pomiędzy średnią długością zdania w stylach a częstością występowania imiesłowów przymiotnikowych. Frekwencja wszystkich czterech imiesłowów rośnie wraz z długością zdania, jednak jedynie w przypadku imiesłowów przymiotnikowych długość zdania wpływa na dystrybucję w stylach. Dane potwierdzają także zanikanie imiesłowów uprzednich i pokazują, że tzw. quasi-imiesłowy uprzednie stanowią liczący się odsetek współczesnych użyć imiesłowów uprzednich.
EN
War has always been inseparably linked to politics, and polls are extremely sensitive to it and the 1968 presidential elections in the United States were not exceptions in this matter. The research looks at the Polish press propaganda regarding the fight for the most important position in the US. As the main source was used „Trybuna Ludu”, which during this period was considered the most important newspaper in the communist media system. Collected material was subjected to both qualitative analysis (how press wrote about candidates, how the American political scene was divided in propaganda and what role in it played war in Asia) and quantitative analysis (what are dominant trends, what kind of narration predominated in propaganda).
PL
W 2006 r. z inicjatywy sześciu gmin powiatu miechowskiego powstało Miechowskie Stowarzyszenie Gmin „Jaksa”, które skupia przedstawicieli trzech sektorów: społecznego, gospodarczego i publicznego. Obecnie tworzą je: 96 członków (osoby fizyczne) i 7 samorządów gminnych, starostwo powiatowe w Miechowie oraz trzy organizacje pozarządowe. Działalność skupia się przede wszystkim na rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. W ramach działalności statutowej stowarzyszenia została opracowana Lokalna Strategia Rozwoju (LSR). W latach 2009–2015 Lokalna Grupa Działania (LGD) przy Miechowskim Stowarzyszeniu Gmin „Jaksa” realizowała projekty zawarte w priorytetach Lokalnej Strategii Rozwoju, mianowicie: „Wartość dodana do życia na wsi”, czyli wzrost poziomu i jakości życia, a także aktywizacja i integracja mieszkańców oraz „Poprawa atrakcyjności turystycznej i promocja produktu lokalnego”, w tym rozwój turystyki, zachowanie lokalnego dziedzictwa kulturowego i historycznego. To główne kierunki działań Stowarzyszenia powołanego po to, aby w oparciu o środki unijne zaktywizować społeczność lokalną do budowania infrastruktury i wspólnego działania na rzecz rozwoju obszaru. W latach 2007–2015 na realizację zadań na terenie powiatu miechowskiego przeznaczono ok. 7,5 mln zł. Były to zadania, takie jak: „Małe projekty”, „Odnowa i rozwój wsi”, „Tworzenie i rozwój mikroprzedsiębiorstw” i „Różnicowanie w kierunku działalności nierolniczej”. Celem artykułu jest: - określenie efektów działań i operacji realizowanych w ramach poszczególnych przedsięwzięć zgodnych z Lokalną Strategią Rozwoju, - analiza liczby projektów realizowanych w ramach każdego z przedsięwzięć wraz z oceną, które są najlepiej oraz najgorzej realizowane, - przedstawienie struktury grup beneficjentów wnioskujących o wsparcie.
EN
In 2006, upon the initiative of six municipalities of the Miechow district, Miechow Association of Municipalities “Jaksa” was founded. It brings together representatives of three sectors: social, economic and public life sector. It has currently 96 members (individuals) and seven local governments, county authorities in Miechow, and three non-governmental organizations. Its main activity focuses on rural development. As part of statutory activities, the association developed Local Development Strategy. In the years 2009–2015, Miechow Association of Municipalities “Jaksa” Local Action Group implemented projects which included the priorities of the Local Development Strategy, namely: “Added Value” to rural life – that is, an increase of the level and quality of life, as well as the activation and integration of citizens, and “Improvement of tourist attractiveness and promotion of local products” which includes development of tourism and preservation of the local cultural and historical heritage. These are the main ways of the Association, established on the basis of EU funds, in order to activate local community to build infrastructure and join actions for the development of local area. In the years 2007–2015, for the implementation of tasks in the Miechow district, about 7.5 million PLN has been allocated. Tasks carried out in the framework of the program included: diversification, creation and development of micro-enterprises, “Village renewal” and “Small Projects”. The purposes of this article are: - identification of effects of actions and operations carried out within the framework of individual projects consistent with the Local Development Strategy, - analysis of the number of projects under each of ventures together with an evaluation of which projects are the best and the worst implemented, - presentation of the structure of beneficiary groups that request support.
EN
Henryk Sienkiewicz’s novel "Quo Vadis" made its way into Italy at the end of the 19 th century through the efforts of Neapolitan translator Federigo Verdinois. The first part of this paper outlines the history of the popularity of "Quo Vadis" by focusing on the operations of Milanese publishers that made the Polish novel part of their offer in a variety of ways (as translations, adaptations, reworkings, plagiarisms, etc.). Bibliometric methods are used to establish why so many publishing houses decided to publish Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Roman romance. The analysis of the bibliometric data of the published translations helped assess and describe the extent and the character of the popularity that the novel garnered among Milanese publishers. The second part of the paper relates the findings of a multi-method quantitative study of the same material. The number of word tokens was compared between the original and the translations. The lexical richness across the texts under study was compared by means of the moving average type-token ratio (MATTR). Sentence lengths were also compared, as was sentence length distribution as time series. Two different programmes ("WCopyFind and Tracer") yielded very similar results on the degree of the similarity of five-word phrases in pairs of translations, which was determined in network analysis.
IT
L’opera "Quo vadis" di Henryk Sienkiewicz arrivò in Italia alla fine del XIX secolo grazie al traduttore napoletano Federigo Verdinois. Lo scopo della prima parte del contributo è quello di presentare la storia della popolarità del romanzo "Quo vadis" attraverso le azioni delle case editrici milanesi, le quali hanno introdotto l’opera del polacco, in varie forme, nella sua offerta editoriale (come traduzioni, adattamenti, parafrasi, plagi). La ricostruzione della storia delle traduzioni del romanzo romano di Henryk Sienkiewicz è stata possibile grazie al metodo biblometrico che è stato ustato nella prima parte dell’articolo. L’analisi dei dati bibliografici raccolti ha permesso di valutare e descrivere la grandezza e il carattere della popolarità di "Quo vadis" tra gli editori milanesi nella prima parte del XX secolo. Nella seconda parte del contributo per meglio far luce sulle complicate sorti milanesi dell’opera di Sienkiewicz abbiamo usato alcuni metodi d’analisi quantitativa. Abbiamo paragonato il numero delle parole in originale e nelle traduzioni descritte nella prima parte. La ricchezza del vocabolario di tutti i testi esaminati è stata misurata e confrontata usando il calcolo della media mobile del rapporto del numero di parole alla lunghezza del testo (MATTR). Abbiamo confrontato anche le lunghezze delle frasi come serie temporali. I due programmi diversi ("WCopyFind e Tracer"), utili per le analisi delle reti, hanno dato risultati simili per il numero delle somiglianze delle frasi di pentagrammi verbali tra le traduzioni di "Quo vadis".
EN
The paper outlines the publishing history of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s 'Quo Vadis" in Italian editions for children and young adults in the 20 th century. The research conducted so far has shown that Sienkiewicz’s novel was part of Italian publications for a young readership as early as at the beginning of the 20 th century, and that the book was frequently republished and reedited by numerous publishing houses over the following decades. The paper aims to present the strategies applied by Italian publishers as they recast Sienkiewicz’s work into versions specifically targeting young readers. Sienkiewicz’s Roman narrative proved a source of easy revenue for many publishing houses. Discreditable translatory practices were, at least at the beginning of the 20 th century, mainly the domain of Milanese publishers whose efforts also focused on reworkings of "Quo Vadis" for children and young adults after the Second World War. The paper discusses examples that vividly illustrate the commercialisation of literature and publishers’ responses to the changes of the Italian publishing market in the second half of the 20 th century. The findings of a study that used quantitative methods to analyse the corpus of 18 Italian editions of "Quo Vadis" are presented as well.
IT
L’articolo abbozza la storia delle edizioni italiane per ragazzi e adolescenti di "Quo vadis" di Henryk Sienkiewicz nel XX secolo. Sulla base delle ricerche finora svolte, è stato accertato che l’opera di Sienkiewicz comparve nell’offerta editoriale italiana rivolta ai giovani lettori già dall’inizio del Novecento, e poi per molti decenni fu volentieri riproposta da numerose case editrici. L’obiettivo dell’articolo è quello di indicare le strategie degli editori italiani che, pensando ai giovani lettori, portarono alla realizzazione di nuove versioni dell’opera di Sienkiewicz. La trama romana del romanzo di Sienkiewicz si rivelò una fonte di facile guadagno per molte case editrici e in ambito di pratiche traduttive ingloriose si distinsero, almeno all’inizio del Novecento, gli editori milanesi, offrendo, soprattutto dopo la Seconda guerra mondiale, anche rifacimenti e riadattamenti di "Quo vadis" per il giovane pubblico. Gli esempi riportati nel testo illustrano anche il processo di commercializzazione della letteratura e le risposte degli editori all’evoluzione del mercato editoriale italiano nella seconda metà del XX secolo. L’articolo presenta anche i risultati della ricerca sul corpus di 18 edizioni italiane di "Quo vadis" con l’applicazione dei metodi quantitativi selezionati.
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2014
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vol. 3
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issue 9
100-107
PL
Artykuł przedstawia powstanie koncepcji asymetrycznej presji konkurencyjnej w orzecznictwie organów antymonopolowych w Wielkiej Brytanii oraz wskazuje narzędzia ekonomiczne zastosowane przez te organy w celu wyznaczania rynków właściwych dla działalności detalicznych sprzedawców produktów spożywczych. Omówiono w nim również zastosowanie koncepcji asymetrycznej presji konkurencyjnej przez Prezesa UOKiK.
EN
This article presents the concept of asymmetric competitive pressure in the jurisprudence of antitrust authorities in the UK and indicates economic tools used in order to determine the relevant markets for the activities of grocery retailers. This paper discusses also the application of the concept of asymmetric competitive pressure by Polish competition authority.
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