Search results

1

Translation of Questionnaires in Cross-National Social Surveys: A Niche with its Own Theoretical Framework and Methodology

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Przepiórkowska D.

Między Oryginałem a Przekładem

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2016

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vol. 31

121-135

EN

The paper describes the niche of questionnaire translation in cross-national surveys and its characteristics (theoretical framework and scholarly reflection, methodology, practice of questionnaire translation), indicating some gaps to be filled by future Translation Studies research in this subfield.

2

Quality of life during the first year after breast cancer resection

100%

Kulesza-Bronczyk B., Dobrzycka B., Piekut K., Terlikowski R., Mackowiak-Matejczyk B., Wojno A., Terlikowski S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 1

124-129

XX

Introduction: Quality of life can be determined by a number of factors, including subjective perception of various spheres of health and health-unrelated factors. Purpose: To compare the quality of life of women who had breast cancer one month and one year after mastectomy, and to verify the usefulness of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scales in early identification of patients having problems in various functional spheres. Materials and methods: The study included the group of 110 mastectomized women. Quality of life of the participants was estimated with EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23 questionnaires. Results: Global health status (QoL) determined with the aid of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire turned out to be significantly higher in women surveyed one year after mastectomy than in those examined one month after the surgery (74.23 vs. 58.33, p<0.001). Moreover, the two groups of patients differed significantly in terms of physical, cognitive, social and role functioning scores. Most of the symptoms assessed were resolved within a year after the breast cancer surgery. No significant intergroup differences were revealed with regard to emotional and socioeconomic functioning or future perspective scores. Conclusions: Quality of life of most mastectomized women improves considerably within one year after the surgery. The use of quality of life instruments can be useful in early postoperative identification of patients who score low on functional and symptom scales. Such patients require support and/or psycho-oncological treatment during the early postoperative period. Quality of life of breast cancer patients during the early postoperative period can be a predictor of this parameter in a longer-term perspective.

3

Wszystkie gwary są piękne

100%

Rutkowska K.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2015

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vol. 39

EN

All dialects are beautifulThe text presents the publication Visos tarmės gražiausios… Tarmių medžiagos rinkimo instrukcija [Eng. All dialects are beautiful… Dialectal material collection instruction] created by Lithuanian dialectologists. It aims to activate dialectical research data collection in various regions of Lithuania. The publication provides brief, popular and scholarly articles about the history of the Lithuanian dialectical research, as well as practical guidelines for researchers. The cooperation initiative between reserachers and dialect users is underlined. Wszystkie gwary są piękneTekst przedstawia publikację Visos tarmės gražiausios… Tarmių medžiagos rinkimo instrukcija [pol. Wszystkie gwary są piękne… Instrukcja gromadzenia materiałów gwarowych], opracowaną przez dialektologów litewskich. Ma ona na celu aktywizację pracy nad gromadzeniem danych gwaroznawczych w różnych regionach Litwy. Publikacja zawiera krótkie artykuły o charakterze popularnonaukowym, dotyczące historii gwaroznawstwa na Litwie oraz praktyczne wskazówki dla badaczy. Godna uwagi jest sama inicjatywa współpracy naukowców z użytkownikami gwar.

4

Wszystkie gwary są piękne

100%

Rutkowska R.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2015

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vol. 39

291-293

EN

The text presents the publication Visos tarmės gražiausios… Tarmių medžiagos rinkimo instrukcija [Eng. All dialects are beautiful… Dialectal material collection instruction] created by Lithuanian dialectologists. It aims to activate dialectical research data collection in various regions of Lithuania. The publication provides brief, popular and scholarly articles about the history of the Lithuanian dialectical research, as well as practical guidelines for researchers. The cooperation initiative between reserachers and dialect users is underlined.

PL

Tekst przedstawia publikację Visos tarmės gražiausios… Tarmių medžiagos rinkimo instrukcija [pol. Wszystkie gwary są piękne… Instrukcja gromadzenia materiałów gwarowych], opracowaną przez dialektologów litewskich. Ma ona na celu aktywizację pracy nad gromadzeniem danych gwaroznawczych w różnych regionach Litwy. Publikacja zawiera krótkie artykuły o charakterze popularnonaukowym, dotyczące historii gwaroznawstwa na Litwie oraz praktyczne wskazówki dla badaczy. Godna uwagi jest sama inicjatywa współpracy naukowców z użytkownikami gwar.

5

Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in occupational health care

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Vandersmissen G. J., Godderis L.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2015

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vol. 28

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issue 3

587-591

EN

Objectives The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed dysglycaemia and the risk for type 2 diabetes using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) in the working population of Belgium. Moreover, it was to evaluate performance and applicability of FINDRISC as a screening tool during occupational health surveillance. Material and Methods A cross-sectional analysis was carried out over the years 2010–2011 among 275 healthy employees who underwent a health check including fasting plasma glucose and the FINDRISC questionnaire. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of different FINDRISC cut-off values to detect dysglycaemia was revised in the literature and then calculated. Results The prevalence of unknown dysglycaemia was 1.8%. Twelve percent of the employees had a FINDRISC score of 12 to 14 corresponding to a moderate risk of 17% to develop diabetes within the next 10 years, and 5.5% had a score of 15 or more corresponding to a high – very high risk of 33% to 50%. All dysglycaemic individuals had a FINDRISC score of 12 or higher. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting dysglycaemia was respectively 100% and 84.1% for a FINDRISC cut-off value ≥ 12; and 80% and 95.9% for a cut-off value ≥ 15. Conclusions A considerable number of workers had dysglycaemia or was at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The questionnaire is a reliable, valuable and easy to use screening tool in occupational health surveillance.

6

Argots français de métiers : une étude de terrain

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Retinskaya T., Université d’État d’Orel, tatiana.retinskaya@yahoo.fr

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica

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2015

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vol. 010

EN

The results of the field collection of professional argots are stated in the following paper. Farmers of Ardennes and Aisne departments who deal with cultivating grain-crops, breeding cattle and meat-processing took part in the linguistic experiment. The field records of the oral speech of professional groups were organized in different situations with the use of four methods: interviewing, participant observation, written questionnaires and the so-called method « from the initiated to the initiated ». The method of processing and the presentation of collected material are described and the analysis of the professional argots is given in this work.

FR

Cet article se propose d’exposer les résultats de l’étude sur le terrain des argots de métiers. Ont participé à l’expérimentation linguistique des fermiers céréaliers, des éleveurs bovins et les professionnels de la filière viande des départements des Ardennes et de l’Aisne. Les enquêtes de terrain ont été organisées dans diverses situations et ont obéi à quatre modalités : entretiens, observations en situation, questionnaires et la méthode « d’initié à l’initié ». Cet exposé offre la description des procédés méthodologiques de traitement et de présentation du corpus obtenu ainsi que l’analyse des argotismes professionnels.

7

Association between adjustment latitude and sickness presence – A panel study of Swedish employees

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Johansson G., Gustafsson K., Marklund S.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2015

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vol. 28

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issue 3

507-518

EN

Objectives This study is analyzing the unexpected reversed or lacking association between high adjustment latitude and sickness presence by examining whether it is due to confounding. Material and Methods Questionnaires were sent in 2004 and 2005 to a cohort of individuals aged 25–50 years, selected from the Statistics Sweden’s register of the Swedish population. Information from 2397 individuals who answered both questionnaires was analyzed by the use of logistic regression analysis. Results The odds ratio for sickness presence among the individuals with a low adjustment latitude compared to those with high adjustment latitude was 1.7 (range: 1.4–2.2). This increased likelihood was almost entirely unaffected in the analysis of potential confounders. Conclusions If the reversed association between adjustment latitude and sickness presence does not reflect confounding, it may be due to reporting bias, which may cause problems in research on sickness presence. We argue that more detailed studies are needed to explore the different sources of possible reporting problems.

8

The impact of the use of amalgam in dental treatment on the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in older people

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Szklarek M., Kostka T.

Medycyna Pracy

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2019

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vol. 70

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issue 1

EN

Background The link between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and the number of amalgam fillings in older people was investigated. Restless legs syndrome decreases the quality of life and impairs normal functioning. Mercury (in amalgam) may be toxic to nerve cells and may account for the incidence of RLS. Material and Methods The relationship between RLS and the presence of amalgam in the teeth of 104 people aged 60–97 years old was determined. By using 4 questions, together with the diagnostic criteria from the internationally used questionnaire produced by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG), authors assessed the extent of the symptoms and occurrence of RLS. Careful medical history and medical examination were used for ascertaining each subject’s type of restorative materials (i.e., amalgam or other metal) and the number of such fillings. Results Subjects who answered “yes” (indicating presence of RLS) to the 4 subsequent questions had a significantly higher number of amalgam dental fillings as compared to the subjects without RLS symptoms. Presence of other metal dental restorative materials and the number of amalgam dental fillings reported in the past had no significant influence on RLS symptomatology. Conclusions Authors conclude that while examining the correlates of the appearance of restless legs syndrome the use of amalgam in the dentition should be taken into account. Med Pr. 2019;70(1):9–16

9

Screening commercial drivers for obstructive sleep apnea: Validation of STOP-Bang questionnaire

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Popević M. B., Milovanović A., Nagorni-Obradović L., Nešić D., Milovanović J., Milovanović A. P.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2017

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vol. 30

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issue 5

751-761

EN

Objectives The main aim has been to examine psychometric properties of STOP-Bang (snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, high blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), age, neck circumference, male gender) scoring model (Serbian translation), an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening tool, in a sample of commercial drivers. Material and Methods After formal translation, validation was performed on a sample of bus and truck drivers evaluating test-retest reliability, construct and criterion validity. Overnight polysomnography or cardiorespiratory polygraphy were used for OSA diagnosis purposes. Results One hundred male participants, 24–62 years old, were included. STOP-Bang classified 69% as potential OSA patients. Polysomnography identified OSA in 57% of the sample. Test-retest reliability (Cohen’s κ = 0.89) was adequate. STOP-Bang score was significantly correlated to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and OSA severity. Sensitivity was 100% for AHI ≥ 15, highest specificity was 53.5% (AHI ≥ 5). Conclusions STOP-Bang showed good measurement properties, supporting its further use in OSA screening of commercial drivers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2016;30(5):751–761

10

Authors’ response (November 28, 2017) to the letter to the Editor concerning the paper “Screening commercial drivers for obstructive sleep apnea: Validation of STOP-Bang questionnaire”

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Popević M. B., Milovanović A., Nagorni-Obradović L., Nešić D., Milovanović J., Milovanović A. P.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2018

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vol. 31

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issue 5

699-701

11

Dotazník životních stresorů (LSC-R) : výskyt stresorov u dospelých obyvateľov ČR a súvis so zdravím

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Kaščáková N., Fürstová J., Poláčková Šolcová I., Heveriová M., Heveri M., Hašto J., Tavel P.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2018

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vol. 62

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issue Supplement_1

80-99

EN

Objective. The occurrence of traumatic events in childhood and during later life increases the incidence of many mental and somatic diseases. The lifetime impact of cumulative stressful events throughout life is very substantial. The aim of this study was to check selected psychometric parameters of the Czech version of the LSC-R, to assess the occurrence of life stressors in a representative sample of adult population in the CR and to determine associations between the occurrence of stressors, health, pain and problematic use of alcohol and nicotine. Sample and settings. A cross-sectional study on a representative sample of the adult Czech population (N=1800, age 46.4, SD 17.4, 48.7% of men) collected data on the LSC-R. For convergent validity the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-8) and the CAGE-questionnaires were used. Results. In 80% of respondents at least one stressor and in 15% five or more stressors were found. The sociodemographic differences are discussed. People with problematic use of alcohol and nicotine experienced significantly more overall stressors, stressors that began before the age of 16 years old and more interpersonal violence in comparison with non-drinkers and nonsmokers. Confirmatory analysis showed satisfactory fit parameters for the created five-factor model, and convergent validity was demonstrated. Significant associations between scores on the LSC-R, physical and mental health, pain and the problematic use of alcohol and nicotine are discussed. Summary. The Life Stressor Checklist-Revised appears to be a clinically useful instrument for the detection of lifetime stressors and for research purposes in the context of planning prevention and therapeutic possibilities. Limitations. The LSC-R was the part of a larger battery and was placed in the last third.

SK

a2_Zhrnutie. Dotazník životních stresorů sa javí ako klinicky využiteľný nástroj na detekciu celoživotného výskytu stresorov a na výskumné účely v kontexte plánovania prevencie a terapeutických možností. Limity. Dotazník bol súčasťou väčšej batérie a bol zaradený v poslednej tretine dotazníkovej batérie.

12

Mieszkańcy dzielnic Warszawy wobec obiektów religijnych w przestrzeni miasta

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Werka M.

Nurt SVD

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2015

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issue 1

235-250

PL

W artykule porównano wyniki dwóch badań ankietowych, które zostały przeprowadzone pod koniec 2011 i w 2012 roku w różnych dzielnicach Warszawy przez studentów Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego (Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych). Celem pierwszego jak i drugiego badania było określenie postawy – a co za tym idzie – tolerancji mieszkańców Warszawy względem istniejących i planowanych obiektów kultu religijnego. Badanie przeprowadzone w 2011 roku miało charakter sondażowy i objęło 12 dzielnic stolicy. Badanie przeprowadzone rok później było zdecydowanie bardziej pogłębione. Zwiększeniu uległa w nim również liczba dzielnic Warszawy (do 17). W artykule ukazano zakres, cele badania oraz profil osób udzielających odpowiedzi. Następnie przedstawiono wyniki oraz porównano je z wynikami uzyskanymi rok wcześniej. Zaprezentowano również podsumowanie całego badania.

EN

This article compares the results of two opinion polls, conducted in 2011 and 2012 in various quarters of Warsaw by Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych of Uniwersytet Warszawski (Faculty of Geography and Regional Research of the University of Warsaw). The objectives of the polls were to gauge the level of tolerance among the inhabitants of Warsaw towards sacred objects – existing and intended – in public places. The first poll, conducted in 2011, was a short one, and included 12 districts in Warsaw. The second one, conducted in 2012, had a much more probing character, and included 17 districts. The article describes the range and objectives of the research, personal profiles of the respondents, quotes the results of both polls and compares their results. It closes with an evaluation of the research.

13

Psychometrická analýza české verze dotazníku zdraví a spokojenosti (SF-8 health survey)

51%

Bartůšková L., Kabát J., Kaščáková N., Fürstová J., Glogar P., Heveri M., Hašto J., Tavel P.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2018

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vol. 62

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issue Supplement_1

40-55

EN

Objectives. The SF-8 Health Survey Questionnaire is an effective health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement tool consisting of eight items. The aim of the study was to verify the factor structure of the Czech version of the questionnaire, to describe the basic psychometric properties of the tool, to develop a basis for the creation of standards based on the analysis of the results from a representative sample and to compare the global scores between respondents with and without chronic health problems. Sample and settings. A nationally representative sample of 1800 Czech respondents (N = 1800, age 46.4, SD 17.4, 48.7% men) participated in the survey focused on health issues. Results: Females achieved lower scores in all items compared with males, except for physical functions and total physical health. With increasing age, the individual items, as well as the PCS (physical component summary) and the MCS (mental component summary) scores, declined for both genders. Thus, higher age was associated with worse subjective health status. Respondents with higher education showed a higher quality of life in the sphere of both mental and physical health experience. The study revealed differences between healthy and chronically ill patients with back pain, hypertension, depression, allergy and migraine for all diseases in the overall PCS and MCS scores. In order to assess the number of factors, the Kaiser criterion, scree plot, Parallel Analysis (PA) and Minimum Average Partial test (MAP) were used. All of these methods resulted into a two-factor solution. Confirmation factor analysis confirmed the model’s compliance for our data. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 and McDonald’s coefficient omega with a value of 0.94 showed that the Czech version of the SF-8 Health Survey is a tool with high internal consistency and reliability. Conclusion. The Czech version of the SF-8 Health Survey is a tool with high internal consistency and reliability.

CS

a2_Závěr. Česká verze dotazníku SF-8 Health Survey představuje nástroj s dobrou vnitřní konzistencí a reliabilitou, který je vhodný k využití jak ve výzkumu, tak v klinické praxi.

14

Psychometrické charakteristiky dotazníku SHALOM u starší české populace

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Marciniak R., Šerek J., Sheardová K., Hudeček D., Hort J.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2017

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vol. 61

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issue 3

230-244

EN

Objectives. The subject of spirituality and discussion about its role, especially in relation to health, are among the most significant trends in modern psychology. Along with this interest comes a need for proper methods of measurement of spirituality. SHALOM Questionnaire (Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure) is a self-evaluating questionnaire designed to measure the level of spiritual well-being. This study aims to verify psychometric properties in Czech version of this questionnaire. Sample and setting. The questionnaire was administered to elderly Czech population (n=209) aged 55 to 91 years. Several subjects (n=47) from research sample has been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, the rest is cognitively healthy. Hypotheses. The authors assumed that the questionnaire has adequate psychometric characteristics for use in the elderly population sample. Statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was aimed at identifying level of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), factor analysis and correlation with various aspects of religiosity. Results. Results showed a good internal consistency of subscales and adequate theoretical structure, this proves the questionnaire to be applicable even for people with mild cognitive impairment. In opposition to original four-factor structure, dividing the questionnaire into two main factors seems to be more accurate, one of two factors divided into three subfactors. Based on the results a shorter and revised version of the original questionnaire is proposed. Study limitation. Generalization of the study results is limited by specific research sample - elderly population, some of the participants have been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. New version of the Shalom questionnaire is intended for future verification.

CS

Cíle. Problematika spirituality a diskuze o její úloze obzvlášť ve vztahu ke zdraví představuje jeden z významných trendů světové psychologie. S tímto zájmem se pojí také potřeba vhodných metod k měření spirituality. Dotazník SHALOM (Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure) je sebeposuzovací dotazník určený pro měření míry tzv. spirituální osobní pohody (spiritual well-being). Cílem studie bylo ověření psychometrických vlastností české verze tohoto dotazníku. Soubor a procedura. Dotazník byl administrován starší české populaci (n = 209) ve věku od 55 do 91 let. U části participantů (n = 47) z výzkumného souboru byla diagnostikována mírná kognitivní porucha. Ostatní participanti byli kognitivně zdraví. Hypotéza. Předpokládá se, že dotazník má adekvátní psychometrické vlastnosti pro použití u starší populace. Statistická analýza. Statistická analýza byla zaměřená na zjišťování úrovně vnitřní konzistence (Cronbachovo alfa), faktorové analýzy a korelace s různými aspekty religiozity. Výsledky. Výsledky měření poukazují na dobrou vnitřní konzistenci subškál nástroje a teoreticky adekvátní faktorovou strukturu. Dotazník se proto jeví jako použitelný, a to i pro osoby s mírnou kognitivní poruchou. V porovnání s původně předpokládanou čtyřfaktorovou strukturou se zdá být lepší považovat dotazník za dvoufaktorový, přičemž jeden z těchto faktorů se dále dělí na tři faktory nižšího stupně. Na základě výsledků testů byla navržena zkrácená revidovaná verze původního dotazníku. Omezení studie. Zobecnění výsledků studie je limitováno specifickým výzkumným souborem - jde o starší populaci, u některých participantů byla diagnostikována mírná kognitivní porucha. Nová revidovaná verze dotazníku je určená k dalšímu ověřování.

15

Slovenská adaptácia dotazníka na hodnotenie schizotypových čŕt osobnosti Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire

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Chylová M., Marko M., Dragešek J., Virčík M., Rovný R., Roháriková V., Murínová J., Cimrová B., Katina S., Riečanský I.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2017

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vol. 61

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issue 3

267-280

EN

Objectives. The aim of the present study was to adapt the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), one of the most widely used methods for the assessment of schizotypy, into the Slovak language and investigate its basic psychometric properties (reliability, latent structure, gender differences, and measurement invariance) in healthy volunteers. Sample and setting. The Slovak version of the questionnaire (SPQ-SK) was completed by 267 responders (120 men and 147 women) with a mean age of 25.3 years (SD = 5.5). SPQ includes 74 binary items arranged into 9 subscales. Hypotheses. Latent structure of two concurrent models, a three-factor and a four-factor model were tested. Statistical analysis. Gender differences were assessed by Welch t-test. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and ordinal alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was calculated using the maximum likelihood method. χ2-test, CFI, RMSEA, SRMR, AIC and BIC were used to evaluate and compare the respective models. Measurement invariance was assessed by χ2 and CFI differences. Results. SPQ-SK showed an acceptable internal consistency. On average, men scored higher in the dimensions Odd or Eccentric Behavior, No Close Friends, and Constricted Affect, whereas women scored higher on Excessive Social Anxiety and Magical Thinking. CFA indicated that a modified three-factor structure represented the best model for SPQ-SK. This model also showed configural invariance and weak measurement invariance. However, strong and strict invariance was only partially supported. Study limitations. The research sample consisted of healthy individuals. Further investigations are needed to determine clinically relevant scores.

SK

Cieľ. Cieľom práce bolo adaptovať jednu z najpoužívanejších metód na stanovovanie schizotypie - Schizotypový osobnostný dotazník (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, SPQ) - v slovenských podmienkach a zistiť jej základné psychometrické vlastnosti (reliabilitu, latentnú štruktúru, rodové rozdiely a invarianciu merania) u zdravých dobrovoľníkov. Výskumný výber a metóda. Slovenskú verziu dotazníka (SPQ-SK) vyplnilo 267 respondentov (120 mužov a 147 žien) s priemerným vekom 25,3 roka (SD = 5,5). SPQ pozostáva zo 74 dichotomických položiek, ktoré sú zaradené do deviatich subškál. Hypotéza. Testované a porovnávané boli konkurenčné modely latentnej štruktúry SPQ - trojfaktorový a štvorfaktorový model. Štatistická analýza. Rodové rozdiely boli posudzované Welchovým t-testom. Vnútorná konzistencia bola posudzovaná Cronbachovým a ordinálnym koeficientom alfa. Konfirmačná faktorová analýza (CFA) bola vypočítaná pomocou metódy maximálnej vierohodnosti. Pre posúdenie a porovnanie modelov bola využitá štatistika χ2 a indexy CFI, RMSEA, SRMR, AIC a BIC. Invariancia merania bola overovaná pomocou rozdielov v χ2 a CFI jednotlivých vnorených modelov. Výsledky. SPQ-SK preukázalo akceptovateľnú vnútornú konzistenciu. Muži skórovali v priemere viac v dimenziách excentrické správanie, chýbanie blízkych priateľov a zúžený afekt, zatiaľ čo ženy dosahovali vyššie skóre v dimenziách sociálna úzkosť a magické myslenie. Výsledky CFA preukázali ako najvhodnejší trojfaktorový model. Tento model taktiež preukázal konfiguračnú a slabú faktorovú invarianciu. Silná a striktná invariancia však bola podporená iba čiastočne. Limity. Výskumný súbor tvorili zdraví jedinci. Pre stanovenie klinicky významného skóre je potrebný ďalší výskum.

16

Absolutní a proporcionální frekvence v ČNK ve světle výzkumu morfosyntaktické variace v češtině:

51%

Bermel N., Knittl L., Russell J.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2014

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vol. 97

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issue 4-5

216-227

EN

This contribution discusses three ways of operationalising the notion of frequency as it relates to how often an item occurs in a corpus: the proportional frequency of forms (i.e. the percentage of instances in which one or another variant is found) and two ways of looking at absolute frequency. Working with data from unmotivated morphological variation in Czech case forms, we show that different types of data contribute to some extent to the way variation is perceived and implemented by native speakers, but suggest that proportional frequency seems most salient for speakers in forming their impressions and shaping their behaviour.

17

Reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Berlin Questionnaire for screening obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the context of the examination of candidates for drivers

51%

Kiciński P., Przybylska-Kuć S. M., Tatara K., Dybała A., Zakrzewski M., Myśliński W., Mosiewicz J., Jaroszyński A. J.

Medycyna Pracy

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2016

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vol. 67

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issue 6

721-728

PL

Wstęp Celem pracy była ocena przydatności Skali Senności Epworth (SSE) i Kwestionariusza Berlińskiego (KB) w diagnostyce przesiewowej zespołu obturacyjnego bezdechu sennego (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome – OSAS). Oceniono przydatność obu testów do rozróżniania osób zdrowych od osób z łagodnym OSAS (wskaźnik bezdechu i spłyceń oddechu (apnea-hypopnea index – AHI) < 15/godz.) i pacjentów z umiarkowanym lub ciężkim OSAS (AHI ≥ 15/godz.). Materiał i metody Do badania włączono 223 pacjentów z podejrzeniem zaburzeń oddychania w czasie snu, którzy wypełnili SSE i KB. Uproszczoną polisomnografię wykonano z wykorzystaniem urządzeń Porti SleepDoc. W przypadku stwierdzenia AHI ≥ 15/godz. lub AHI ≥ 5/godz. i jednoczesnego występowania objawów klinicznych rozpoznawano OSAS. Wyniki Wynik SSE był istotnie wyższy w grupie badanej niż w grupie porównawczej (8,9±5,9 vs 11,6±5,2 pkt, p < 0,0001), natomiast odsetek osób z wysokim ryzykiem OSAS według KB nie różnił się istotnie w obu grupach (83,7% vs 92,3%, p > 0,05). Czułość SSE wyniosła 53,2%, a KB – 93,1%, natomiast swoistość SSE – 8,8%, a KB – 16,2%. Odnotowano słabą korelację między wynikiem SSE a AHI i wskaźnikiem bezdechów (odpowiednio: r = 0,22, p = 0,001 vs r = 0,24, p < 0,001). Wnioski Ze względu na niską czułość SSE nie powinna być stosowana jako samodzielny test przesiewowy w diagnostyce OSAS u kandydatów na kierowców. Natomiast KB, mimo że cechuje się dużą czułością w rozpoznawaniu umiarkowanego lub ciężkiego OSAS (AHI ≥ 15/godz.), z powodu bardzo niskiej swoistości może przyczyniać się do kierowania osób zdrowych na zbędną diagnostykę. Med. Pr. 2016;67(6):721–728

EN

Background The aim of the study has been to assess the usefulness of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) screening. The capacity of both tests to discriminate between healthy individuals or with mild OSAS (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) < 15/h) vs. patients with moderate or severe OSAS (AHI ≥ 15/h) was evaluated. Material and Methods The study encompassed 223 patients with a suspicion of the OSAS. The ESS and BQ were completed by patients unassisted. Screening polysomnography was performed using the Porti SleepDoc. The OSAS was diagnosed when AHI ≥ 15/h or AHI ≥ 5/h with simultaneous occurrence of clinical symptoms. Results The ESS score was found to be significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (8.9±5.9 vs. 11.6±5.2 pt, p < 0.0001). Otherwise, there were no significant inter-group differences in the percentage of high-risk individuals according to the BQ (83.7% vs. 92.3%, p > 0.05). Sensitivity of the ESS and BQ was 53.2% and 93.1%, respectively while specificity was 58.8% and 16.2%, respectively. Poor correlation between the ESS score and AHI and apnea index were noticed (r = 0.22, p = 0.001 and r = 0.24, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Considering its low sensitivity, the ESS should not be used as a screening test for the OSAS diagnosis amongst candidates for drivers. The BQ is characterised by high sensitivity for the OSAS diagnosis with AHI ≥ 15/h, however, due to low specificity, the questionnaire may increase the number of healthy individuals referred for needless diagnostic procedures. Med Pr 2016;67(6):721–728

18

Jakie dane są relewantne etnolingwistycznie?

45%

Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska S.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

|

2017

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vol. 29

EN

The article deals with the question of what data are ethnolinguistically relevant, with a view to reconstructing the linguistic worldview. Types of data are considered with regard to the names of subdisciplines (etymological ethnolinguistics, dialectological ethnolinguistics, onomastic ethnolinguistics) and the object of study (cognitive ethnolinguistics). Special attention is paid to the data used in folk or national ethnolinguistics, with a discussion of the treatment of bylica ‘sagebrush, wormwood’ in the Dictionary of Folk Stereotypes and Symbols, and of dom ‘househome’ in the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours. Attention is paid to the entrenchment of features in the data from the language system, texts, and questionnaires. However, ethnolinguistically relevant data in this approach include not only those three kinds but also “co-linguistic”, “negative”, and “post-reset” data, connected with the “Polish map of non-memory” and “latent memory”.

PL

Autorka rozważa kwestię danych branych pod uwagę przy analizach w ramach etnolingwistyki jako dyscypliny badawczej stawiającej sobie za cel rekonstrukcję językowego obrazu świata. Typy danych rozpatruje w kontekście nazw subdyscyplin (etnolingwistyka etymologiczna, dialektologiczna, onomastyczna) i przedmiotu badań (etnolingwistyka kognitywna). Szczególną uwagę skupia na typach danych wykorzystywanych w ramach etnolingwistyki ludowej i narodowej. Analizuje pod tym kątem wyobrażenie bylicy w Słowniku stereotypów i symboli ludowych oraz domu w Leksykonie aksjologicznym Słowian i ich sąsiadów, omawia utrwalenie cech w danych systemowych, tekstowych i ankietowych. Jako typy danych relewantnych etnolingwistycznie w opisie językowego obrazu świata uznaje nie tylko system, teksty i ankietę, lecz także dane „przyjęzykowe”, dane „negatywne” i dane „wyzerowane”, związane z „polską mapą niepamięci” i „pamięcią utajnioną”.

19

The linguistic view of East and West in contemporary Polish

45%

Mirocha P.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

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2020

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vol. 32

EN

The cultural concepts of Wschód (East) and Zachód (West) are products of contemporary, modern Polish languaculture, one that significantly shapes contemporary social and political discourses. A reconstruction of the cognitive definitions of these concepts, along with their profiles, can thus lead to a better understanding of the two kinds of discourse.In accordance with the principles of the cognitive definition, couched within the framework of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School, the analysis is based on data from dictionaries, texts, and questionnaires. Four major dictionaries of Polish have been surveyed, as well as questionnaires conducted for the 1990 and 2000 editions of the Axiological Lexicon, along with a random selection of texts from the National Corpus of Polish, from internet editions of the press, from belles-lettres, and essays.After a detailed analysis of the systemic data, facet-based cognitive definitions of the two cultural concepts are constructed. For the concept of Wschód (East), the facets include location, economy, reasons for going East and returning, the role of East for Poland, the characteristics of its inhabitants and of the East as space. In the case of Zachód (West), instead of inhabitants and space, the relevant facet is that of values. The last part of the article prosents the profiles of these concepts, which correlate with ideological orientations in the press and in politics: the liberal profile (the West is good, it is associated with personal freedom, human rights, democracy and the rule of law; the East is negative, it ignores the rule of law and standards of liberal democracy); the right-wing profile (the East is evaluated similarly to the liberal profile, whereas the West is portrayed as Poland’s “moral debtor”); the Catholic-national profile (the East is a threat, the West is characterised by materialism and a degradation of values); the everyday-living profile (the West is wealthy, the East is poor).

PL

Pojęcia Wschodu i Zachodu stanowią wytwór nowożytnej i nowoczesnej polskiej lingwokultury, który w istotny sposób kształtuje dyskursy o sprawach społecznych i politycznych. Rekonstrukcja definicji kognitywnych tytułowych pojęć wraz z uwzględnieniem profilowania może zatem przyczynić się do lepszego zrozumienia wymienionych dyskursów.Zgodnie z założeniami definicji kognitywnej w ujęciu tzw. lubelskiej szkoły etnolingwistycznej, przedmiotem analiz są dane słownikowe, ankietowe oraz tekstowe. Analizie zostały poddane definicje czerpane z czterech najistotniejszych współczesnych słowników polszczyzny, ankiety przeprowadzane na potrzeby Słownika aksjologicznego w 1990 i 2000 oraz losowa próba tekstów z Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego i konteksty z internetowych wydań prasy, z literatury pięknej i eseistyki.Po przeprowadzeniu szczegółowej analizy danych systemowych z osobna rekonstruowane są fasetowe definicje kognitywne omawianych pojęć. Dla konceptu Wschód swoiste są takie fasety, jak jego położenie, charakterystyka ekonomiczna, przyczyny wyjazdu na Wschód oraz opuszczania tegoż, jego rola dla Polski, cechy jego mieszkańców i przestrzeni. W odniesieniu do Zachodu miejsce cech mieszkańców i przestrzeni zajęły wyznawane wartości. W ostatniej części tekstu odtworzone zostały profile badanych pojęć, korelujące z orientacjami ideologicznymi w prasie i polityce: profil liberalny (pozytywnie wartościujący Zachód, utożsamiany z wolnościami jednostki, prawami człowieka, demokracją i rządami prawa, negatywnie oceniający Wschód, któremu przypisuje ignorowanie praworządności i standardów demokracji liberalnej), prawicowy (podobnie oceniający Wschód, zaś Zachód przedstawiający jako „moralnego dłużnika” Polski), katolickonarodowy (negatywnie nastawiony do Wschodu, postrzeganego jako zagrożenie, oraz Zachodu, któremu przypisuje materializm i upadek wartości), a także profil bytowy (utożsamiający Zachód z zamożnością, a Wschód z ubóstwem).

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Jakie dane są relewantne etnolingwistycznie?

The linguistic view of East and West in contemporary Polish