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New Organization of the Agricultural Market in the European Union after the Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy after 2013

100%
Czechowski P., Niewiadomski A.
Studia Iuridica
|
2016
|
vol. 68
55-71
PL
The article presents the basic elements of the Common Agricultural Policy reform after 2013 in relation to the organisation of the single agricultural market. The problems arising from the current regulations are discussed. Reference is made to some legal mechanisms in the context of their use in Poland. In particular, it presents views on the abolition of the quota system in agricultural production or the introduction of instruments of exceptional support to producers in an extraordinary situation on the agricultural market.
2

New Organization of the Agricultural Market in the European Union after the Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy after 2013

100%
Czechowski P., Niewiadomski A.
Studia Iuridica
|
2016
|
vol. 68
55-71
PL
The article presents the basic elements of the Common Agricultural Policy reform after 2013 in relation to the organisation of the single agricultural market. The problems arising from the current regulations are discussed. Reference is made to some legal mechanisms in the context of their use in Poland. In particular, it presents views on the abolition of the quota system in agricultural production or the introduction of instruments of exceptional support to producers in an extraordinary situation on the agricultural market.
3
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Implementation of the Quota System in the Regional Assembly Elections: the Analysis of Electoral Results in the Context of Women’s Epresentation on Electoral Lists

88%
Cichosz M., Tomczak Ł.
Przegląd Politologiczny
|
2018
|
issue 4
25-37
EN
The following article concerns selected aspects of the implementation of the quota system in elections to the regional assemblies (Sejmik wojewódzki) in Poland. This comparative analysis concerns two elections: in 2010 (before the quota system was introduced) and in 2014 (after its introduction). The key questions the authors would like to address involve the number of women represented on the electoral lists in 2010 and 2014 respectively, and the number of mandates in regional assemblies awarded to women before and after the quota system was introduced, as well as the relationship between the position on the electoral list and mandates awarded to female candidates. The authors also focus on the personnel policies of political parties. Out of all regional elections, the regional assembly elections were characterized by the highest level of party dependency. Introducing the quota system resulted in an increase in the number of women represented on electoral lists, yet it did not help increase the number of mandates awarded to female candidates. One of the reasons for this situation was the strategy adopted when the positions on the electoral lists were awarded by the parties with the largest political support. The representation of women on the upper positions of the electoral lists is smaller than the quota of female representatives imposed by the electoral law, and the larger number of women on the positions further below on the electoral lists translates into smaller chances of these candidates gaining a mandate. The source data for this research analysis comes from the National Electoral Commission.
4
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Payments to the National Rehabilitation Fund for People with Disabilities as a Stimulant to Employ People with Disabilities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

75%
Koza A., Politaj A.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2023
|
vol. 67
|
issue 2
49-59
PL
Celem opracowania jest ustalenie zmian zachodzących w zatrudnieniu osób z niepełnosprawnością w okresie pandemii i skuteczności funkcjonowania systemu kar finansowych dla pracodawców w przypadku niewywiązywania się z ustawowych obowiązków zatrudniania osób z niepełnosprawnością jako stymulanty zatrudnienia takich osób. Zakres czasowy badań ustalono na lata 2017-2021 oraz pierwsze półrocze 2022 roku. W artykule zastosowano następujące metody badawcze o charakterze ogólnym: metodę analizy i krytyki piśmiennictwa źródłowego, metodę indukcyjną i dedukcyjną oraz analizę i syntezę. Ponadto zastosowano też metody szczegółowe: opisową, monograficzną oraz badania dokumentów. Hipoteza badawcza: nakładane na pracodawców kary finansowe z tytułu niezatrudniania wymaganego ustawowo odsetka osób z niepełnosprawnością były bardziej skuteczne w zakresie stymulowania pracodawców do poprawy wskaźnika zatrudnienia OzN w okresie pandemii COVID-19 niż przed jej wybuchem. W świetle przeprowadzonych badań i studiów literaturowych dostrzeżono skuteczność kar jako stymulanty do zatrudnienia osób z niepełnosprawnością w szczególnie trudnych warunkach makroekonomicznych.
EN
The aim of the study is to determine the changes in the employment of people with disabilities during the pandemic and the effectiveness of the system of financial penalties for employers in the event of failure to comply with the statutory obligations to employ people with disabilities as incentives to employ such people. The following research methods of a general nature were used in the article: the method of analysis and criticism of source literature, the inductive and deductive method, as well as analysis and synthesis. In addition, detailed methods were also used: descriptive, monographic and document research. Research hypothesis: financial penalties imposed on employers for not employing the percentage of disabled people required by law were more eefctive in stimulating employers to improve the employment rate of people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic than before its outbreak. In the light of the conducted research and literature studies, the eefctiveness of penalties as a to employ people with disabilities in particularly dificult macroeconomic conditions was noticed.
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