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1

Between Epistemology and Metaphysics in William James’s Philosophy

100%

Kilanowski M.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2015

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issue 2(108)

30-38

EN

William James’s philosophy has been treated as relativistic and sceptical, as a distortion of truth and rationality. In that way a lot of important elements crucial for understanding his philosophy have been overlooked. However, according to James, our cognition is not relativistic, because there is no room in his philosophy for a traditionally understood dichotomy between a knowing subject and a perceived object. We are all plunged into the stream of experience, and it is in it that we can find an overall picture of our world and our reality. We participate in the plurality of phenomena; we are surrounded by the plurality of things. Our world is continuous, and therefore it is continuously in the process of creation. In short, for James, the world is not a subjective construct created by human beings and his epistemology is closely related to his metaphysics to the point at which it is difficult to consider the distinction between the two. To present these crucial aspects of William James’s philosophy in the most meticulous way possible, this essay, will try to clear up doubts concerning James’s concept of Radical Empiricism, truth, and his understanding of pluralism, as well as the categories of synechism and tychism.

2

Musical sense-making between experience and conceptualisation: the legacy of Peirce, Dewey and James

86%

Reybrouck M.

Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology

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2015

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issue 14

192-205

PL

This contribution revolves around the concept of musical sense-making. Starting from the seminal works of Peirce, Dewey and James, it focusses on the musical experience, which can be defined from an empiricist position as a process that calls forth epistemic interactions with the sounds. Central in this approach is the tension between the richness and fullness of the musical experience and the cognitive economy of symbolic abstraction. Dewey, in particular, has stressed the role of having an experience proper as a kind of heightened vitality. James, on the contrary, has dealt with the distinction between percept and concept, stressing the role of knowledge-by-acquaintance as the kind of knowledge we have of something by its presentation to the senses. In what he coined as radical empiricism he states that the significance of concepts always consists in their relation to perceptual particulars, which, in turn, are embedded in a conceptual map. This map can be described in semiotic terms, which holds a symbolic approach to cognition to the extent that it is concerned with signs rather than with sensory realia. The question should be raised, however, as to the nature of these signs. There is, in fact, a critical distinction between internal and external semantics with signs referring primarily to themselves or to something external to the music. In an attempt to bring these claims together, it is argued that musical signs should provide a self-referential semantics for which the abstract is really material, a real semiotics of singular potential wich is grounded in the real and natural experience. Reying on some grounding work of Peirce and Morris and the relation between signs and tool using, a theoretical framework is introduced that has at least some operational power in going beyond a merely acoustic description of the music as it sounds.

3

Bitva o absolutní : opomíjený kontext stále živého pragmatism

58%

Vrabeľ O.

Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)

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2016

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vol. 38

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issue 2

221-244

EN

This paper provides basic insight into The Battle of the Absolute as the dispute between William James and Josiah Royce is called. This intellectual struggle in which Charles S. Peirce and John Dewey significantly interfered, is one of the important factors affecting the opinions of American pragmatists. The paper focuses on the period between years 1899 and 1902, when the Battle of the Absolute was the most escalated and philosophically fruitful. Presented conclusions are particularly relevant in the relation to the current renaissance of American pragmatists's conceptions in contemporary cognitive science or philosophy of science.

CS

Příspěvek zprostředkovává základní vhled do bitvy o absolutní, jak bývá často označována polemika mezi Josiahem Roycem a Williamem Jamesem. Toto intelektuální zápolení, do něhož významně zasahovali Charles S. Peirce nebo John Dewey, je jedním z důležitých faktorů ovlivňujících podobu názorů amerických pragmatiků. Příspěvek se soustřeďuje především na období mezi lety 1899 a 1902, kdy je bitva o absolutní nejvyostřenější a filosoficky nejplodnější. Představené závěry jsou důležité především ve vztahu k probíhající renesanci názorů pragmaticky smýšlejících autorů v současných kognitivních vědách či filosofii vědy.

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1 Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology

1 Kultura i Edukacja

1 Teorie vědy (Theory of Science)

1 2016

2 2015

1 Kilanowski M.

1 Reybrouck M.

1 Vrabeľ O.

Between Epistemology and Metaphysics in William James’s Philosophy

Musical sense-making between experience and conceptualisation: the legacy of Peirce, Dewey and James

Bitva o absolutní : opomíjený kontext stále živého pragmatism