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Prawo
|
2018
|
issue 326
165-186
EN
There are several kinds of entities responsible for fire protection strictly related to public safety of the Republic of Poland: public administration organs and specialised units. Furthermore, fire protection is provided by non-government organisations and citizens themselves. The latter associate as, for example, members of volunteer firefighters who gather deliberately to take civil responsibility for both individual and local safety risked by fire and other dangers. The aim of this paper is to present the legal aspects of volunteer firefighters rescue actions and to indicate their position and significance in operations organised and managed by State Firefighters to provide fire protection of the Republic of Poland.
EN
In 2016, there were 80 accidents, seven fatalities and 97 injured persons for each 1,000 kilometres of public roads on average, while 206 accidents (2.5 times more), 36 fatalities (five times more) and 296 injured persons (three times more) – for each 1,000 kilometres of motorways and dual carriageways. The bigger number of accidents and their casualties on motorways and carriageways should be attributed, primarily, to more intense traffic on this type of roads. What is more, on these roads there are frequently accidents in which many persons and vehicles are affected. Therefore, the network of fast roads requires an effective rescue system necessary to provide assistance to victims and persons suffering from accidents.
EN
In each type of rescue and in each rescue operation the most important parameter determining success is the time of reaching people in need of help and the time of pre-medical help by rescuers. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the perception of introducing new technologies and devices to various areas of Polish rescue. The authors focused their interests on the issue of operation at a distance using unmanned devices enabling the identification and delivery of necessary equipment calling for help. Unpair devices are not only aircraft, but also vehicles and vessels. Their use, among others in France, Italy, Iran, New Zealand, it promised to increase the number of survivors. The authors also describe their practical test of drone use for a lake rescue operation.
PL
W każdym rodzaju ratownictwa i w każdej akcji ratowniczej najistotniejszym parametrem decydującym o jej powodzeniu jest czas dotarcia do osób potrzebujących pomocy oraz czas udzielenia pomocy przedmedycznej przez ratowników. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest refleksja na temat perspektyw wprowadzania nowych technologii i urządzeń do różnych obszarów polskiego ratownictwa. Autorzy skoncentrowali swe zainteresowania na kwestii działania na odległość za pomocą urządzeń bezzałogowych, umożliwiających rozpoznanie i dostarczanie potrzebnego sprzętu wzywającym pomocy. Bezzałgowe urządzenia to nie tylko statki powietrzne, ale także pojazdy i jednostki pływające. Ich użycie, m.in. we Francji, Włoszech, Iranie, Nowej Zelandii, wydatnie przyczyniło się do zwiększenia liczby uratowanych. Autorzy opisują również przeprowadzony przez siebie praktyczny test użycia drona do akcji ratunkowej nad jeziorem.
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