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EN
After it has been validly received, sacred ordination never becomes invalid. A cleric, however, loses the clerical state by a judicial decision or administrative decree which declares the invalidity of sacred ordination, by the legitimate infliction of the penalty of dismissal, by a rescript of the Apostolic See which is granted by the Apostolic See to deacons only for serious reasons and to presbyters only for the most serious reasons.
EN
In the presented study, the author by analysing the content of the definition of legal decrees and rescripts codified in can. 48 and 59 §1 of the CIC, pointed out that these regulations do not contain any explicit components differentiating these categories of acts. In his opinion, the assumptions contained in the definitions do not fully fit many system solutions formulated in other code regulations. The author of the article proved that the difference between the two categories of acts mentioned in the title becomes clear in their formal aspect because a decree in order to be valid should be issued in a written form. In the case of rescripts, however, the legislator departs from this requirement allowing oral legal effectiveness of this type of legislation. Nonetheless, according to the author, the difference between these two categories of acts is not substantial since, in this case, it only concerns the formal aspect of an act.
EN
The issue of the transfer of clergy to the secular state has undergone some changes due to the introduction of a new version of the rescript with the dispensation of the Dicastery for the Clergy. A modification of the position of the Holy See is noticeable, related to the increased concern for an active attitude in the Church of a clergyman transferred to the secular state. The aim of the article is to show the latest changes regarding the legal status of clergy after receiving, at their own request, a rescript with dispensation from celibacy and other obligations resulting from priestly ordination.
PL
Problematyka przeniesienia duchownych do stanu świeckiego uległa pewnym zmianom w związku z wprowadzeniem nowej wersji reskryptu z dyspensą Dykasterii ds. Duchowieństwa. Zauważalna jest modyfikacja stanowiska Stolicy Apostolskiej związana ze zwiększeniem troski o aktywną postawę w Kościele duchownego przeniesionego do stanu świeckiego. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie najnowszych zmian dotyczących stanu prawnego duchownych po otrzymaniu na własną prośbę reskryptu z dyspensą od celibatu i pozostałych obowiązków wynikających z przyjętych święceń kapłańskich.
PL
Ustawodawca w kan. 210 Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 r. zobowiązuje do prowadzenia życia świętego wszystkich wiernych chrześcijan, zaś w kan. 276 i 278 § 2, ze względu na sakrament święceń, duchownych. W porządku świętości jednak wszyscy ochrzczeni są równi. Utrata stanu duchownego, oprócz wypadków podniesionych w kan. 290, 1º, nie niesie z sobą dyspensy od obowiązku celibatu. Reskrypt Biskupa Rzymskiego przywraca dyspensowanemu od celibatu możliwość pełnego uczestnictwa w życiu sakramentalnym, w tym zawarcia małżeństwa według prawa kanonicznego oraz zwalnia z cenzur.
EN
The legislator in can. 210 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law obliges all Christ’s faithful to lead a holy life, and in cann. 276 and 278 § 2, with regard to the sacrament of orders, clergy. In the order of holiness, however, all the baptized are equal. The loss of the clerical state, except in the cases mentioned in can. 290, 1º, does not entail any dispensation from the obligation of celibacy. The rescript of the Roman Pontiff gives the dispensed from celibacy the possibility of full participation in the sacramental life, including marriage according to canon law, and the remission of a censure.
EN
In the modern world, a dispensation from celibacy of presbyters is hotly debated problem and very thought provoking issue among both clerics and the lay Christian faithful. It also raises universal interest of media and public opinion. The Author analyses the legal status in force and the practice of the Apostolic See concerning the obtaining a dispensation from the obligations of sacred ordination validly received in the Latin Church at the request of the presbyter, included celibacy. In the first part of the article, provisions regulating an issue of dispensation from celibacy of presbyters are presented. Attention is paid at the competences in the procedure of granting the dispensation and the legal grounds for it. In the second part, the Author shows different stages of the proceedings in order for obtaining a dispensation at the request of the presbyter which are the proceedings before the ordinary and then in the Congregation for the Clergy. In the last part of the article, the Author presents the legal effects of the rescript of the Apostolic See.
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