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EN
The present article describe a hard life peoples, who lived in a labour camp in USSR (Kengir). They must work almost all day in high temperature (camp was in Asia), they often were thirsty and hungry. In 1954, as a results of cases baseless, solder’s attacks on “political” prisoners, part of them started a mutiny. Interested, that in this spontaneously action, to participated a group of criminal prison’s too (400-th persons), although they don’t like a zheks. Unfortunately, detachment of soviet army to stamp a revolt.
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Revolt in Albert Camus’ works

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EN
The paper presents a critical approach to Buntownik. Ewolucja i kryzys w twórczości Alberta Camusa [The Rebel. Evolution and Crisis in the Works of Albert Camus] by Maciej Kałuża (Kraków 2017). Its goal is, firstly, to present the basic theses described in the dissertation; secondly – to depict them in a broader context of contemporary existential philosophy; thirdly – to encourage the readers to reflect on the issues of revolt in the works by Albert Camus.
PL
The article addresses the issue of relations between Rome and its provinces on the example of the community of legionnaires serving on the Iberian Peninsula. The legion service was not limited to the military aspect, which is manifested in the numerous mutinies of the soldiers. By juxtaposing the account of chroniclers of the period with the findings of contemporary historians concerning the causes of mutinies the author presents the material and social dimension of Roman expansion.
EN
During the first days of the Arab Spring many hoped that the series of protests and revolutions could bring a wave of democracy and stability to the Middle East. Such an outcome would have been greatly welcomed by the Israelis, who have been surrounded by enemies for years. Yet, more than two and a half years after the Arab Spring began, its effects for the Jewish state are far from satisfying, to say the least. The turmoil in Egypt, Israel’s western neighbor, resulted in Hosni Mubarak’s fall from power. While the former president might not have been one of Tel Aviv’s favorites, he was undoubtedly a fairly reliable partner. The subsequent rise of the Muslim Brotherhood was regarded as a threat to Israel`s security. Even after the July 2013 coup d’etat, which ended the organization`s rule over Egypt, the future of Israeli-Egyptian relations remains uncertain. Also problematic is the situation behind Israel`s northern border. While the Jewish state is not directly involved in the Syrian civil war, it still poses a potential danger for the Israelis as more and more Islamists and radicals are partaking in the struggle against Bashar al-Assad. If the Syrian president falls, these groups may try to seize power or engage in hostile activities against Israel. Moreover, it is possible that the unrest could spill-over to Lebanon, which would also affect Israel’s national security. Overall, Israel feels threatened by the Islamist rise in the Middle East caused by the Arab Spring. It must also be noted that the Arab Spring pressured the Palestinian leaders to become more active on the issue of Palestine’s independence. As a result, the UN recognized Palestine as a non-member observer state in late 2012. The mounting international pressure on Israel is very inconvenient for the Netanyahu government as it is not ready to make any serious concessions.
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The right to revolt: the European and Russian contexts

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PL
Celem niniejszego tekstu jest odpowiedź na pytanie o to, czy człowiek ma prawo do buntu, lub prawo do publicznego wyrażania swojego sprzeciwu wobec jakiejoe sprawy? Faktem jest, iż wspominanie prawo istnieje, jednak ludzie nie korzystają z niego systematycznie. Zauważyć należy, iż by zminimalizować destrukcyjne skutki realizacji prawa do buntu (do sprzeciwu), rządząca elita tworzy specjalne organy, których zadaniem byłoby stworzenie pewnego buforu między jednostką a władzą. Rządzący nie są zainteresowani odpowiadaniem na żądania indywidualnych obywateli, ponieważ wiązać by to się mogło z poważnymi stratami gospodarczymi i “reputacyjnymi” dla rządu. Doświadczenia historyczne pokazują, że niezależnie od tradycji kulturowej, człowiek może wyrażać swoje prawo do buntu w sytuacjach, w których chodzi o dążenie do prawdy. Z punktu widzenia autora rozważane zagadnienie wiąże się z kontekstem kulturowym. Autor potwierdza swoje poglądy przykładami, rysując paralele między doświadczeniami europejskimi i rosyjskimi.
EN
Does a person have the right to revolt, or the right to public expression of disagreement? Such a right exists, and people use it periodically. In order to minimise the destructive effects of the implementation of this right, the ruling elite creates special institutions whose function could be to create a certain buffer between the individual and the government. The ruling elite is not interested in responding to the requests of the individual, as well as in private delegitimisation, because the individual’s satisfaction is associated with serious economic and reputational losses for the government. Historical experience shows that, regardless of the cultural tradition, a person can express their right to revolt, where concerned about the search for truth. From the author’s point of view, this ambitious quest for a particular individual, as well as the request on his part to official institutions, is, to some extent, associated with the cultural context. The author confirms this with examples, by drawing parallels between the European and Russian experiences.
EN
In this article the author attempts to describe the most important reasons of revolt of the Kyrgyz people in 1916.
RU
Раскрыты причины восстания кыргызов в 1916 г.
EN
This article reveals the main reasons, stages and consequences of the Central Asian peoples revolt against the Russian authorities during the World War I.
RU
Рассмотрены основные причины, этапы и последствия восстания среднеазиатских народов во время Первой мировой войны против российских властей.
EN
In article the author analyses the reasons of contradictory data in a Kyrgyzstan historiography on scales of demographic consequences of revolt of 1916. The author presents her original concept explaining the presented problem.
RU
Изучены причины противоречивых сведений в кыргызстанской историографии о масштабах демографических последствий восстания 1916 г. Приводится оригинальная концепция автора относительно данной проблемы.
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PL
Autor przedstawia główne przyczyny powstania z 1916 roku i różne punkty widzenia na zaszłe wydarzenia.
EN
The Author presents the main reasons for the revolt of 1916 and the different points of view on these events.
EN
The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of some expressionist motifs and patterns in The Madwoman of Chaillot [La Folle de Chaillot] by Giraudoux. In the analysed drama we can see realisation of such expressionist process as antinaturalistic desobjectivization of the world, developed monologism, social middle-class revolt, rehabilitation of a marginal protagonist, abstraction, antinaturalism, or subjectivism inducing the “irradiation” of the author’s I.
EN
The subject of the article is nationalism among young people, in relation to contemporary moods prevailing among people entering mature social roles, described principally through the example of the All-Polish Youth Association. The conclusions were based on analysis of the Authors’ qualitative research, interviews and observations carried out during the meetings of the association, both those available only to its members, and during mass meetings that brought together supporters of the movement.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest nacjonalizm wśród młodzieży, opisany przede wszystkim na przykładzie Stowarzyszenia Młodzież Wszechpolska, w odniesieniu do współczesnych nastrojów panujących wśród osób wchodzących w dojrzałe role społeczne. Wnioski zostały oparte na analizie przeprowadzonych przez autorkę badań jakościowych, wywiadów i obserwacji dokonanych zarówno podczas spotkań stowarzyszenia, dostępnych tylko dla jego członków, jak i w trakcie masowych zgromadzeń sympatyków ruchu. The subject of the article is nationalism among young people, in relation to contemporary moods prevailing among people entering mature social roles, described principally through the example of the All-Polish Youth Association. The conclusions were based on analysis of the Authors’ qualitative research, interviews and observations carried out during the meetings of the association, both those available only to its members, and during mass meetings that brought together supporters of the movement.
EN
“Who’s going to dangle there?” – Peasant revolt in urban imagination. On the Gore album by R.U.T.A. and on its receptionThe author presents a review of a recent album “Gore: Songs of Rebellion and Misery from 16th to 20th Century” by a Polish punk rock / hardcore group R.U.T.A. The album, which combines traditional peasant lyrics with modern arrangements and folk instruments, has received acclaim from both fans and critics, while the band declared their commitment to struggles of contemporary progressive social movements. The author analyses the lyrics situating his reflection in sociological-historical framework to discuss realities of peasants’ lives and revolts during the second serfdom in early modern Poland. The author interprets the musical form of the songs as “punk-rock assimilation” of folklore themes. The final section contains critical reflection on the album’s marketing strategy and reception with the key dissected categories being “rebellion” and “authenticity.”
Vox Patrum
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2004
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vol. 46
561-571
EN
The short of the first twenty years of VI century of Byzantium's history when political changes in Constantinople took place was described in the article The religious motives. The leader of the rebellion indicated two aspects of his pronouncement as the most important ones. They were restoration of the religious union on the East based on resolutions of The Chalcedonian Council and recognition of the leading role of The Apostolic See in the field of guarding religious authenticity. Despite the military defeat Vitalian's revolt ended with success on the religious field.
PL
The short of the first twenty years of VI century of Byzantium's history when political changes in Constantinople took place was described in the article The religious motives. The leader of the rebellion indicated two aspects of his pronouncement as the most important ones. They were restoration of the religious union on the East based on resolutions of The Chalcedonian Council and recognition of the leading role of The Apostolic See in the field of guarding religious authenticity. Despite the military defeat Vitalianus' revolt ended with success on the religious field.
EN
The article analyzes the causes and nature of the 1916 uprising in Kyrgyzstan.
RU
Анализируются причины и характер восстания 1916 г. в Кыргызстане.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono historioznawczą ocenę przyczyn i charakteru powstania z 1916 roku dokonaną przez pierwszych krajowych przywódców Turkiestanu – T. Ryskulova, Yu. Abdrakhmanova i B. Isakeeva.
EN
In the article the assessment of the reasons and nature of revolt of 1916 by the first national leaders of Turkistan T. Ryskulov, Yu. Abdrakhmanov and B. Isakeev are given in the aspect of historiography.
Dzieje Najnowsze
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2022
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vol. 54
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issue 2
27-47
EN
Between 1910 and 1933, the political system in Portugal changed three times. The monarchy, overthrown by the 5 October 1910 Revolution, gave way to a republic which in 1926 was ended by a military coup that introduced a dictatorship. The political system of the new regime was determined by the 1933 constitution, which established the New State – Estado Novo – designed by António Salazar. At the origin of the authoritarian New State lay the memory of the political chaos and social unrest of the First Republic. The radical Republican faction that ruled it most of the time did not build a stable democratic system and did not provide the country with internal security or economic development.
PL
W ciągu 23 lat XX w. w Portugalii trzy razy zmieniał się system polityczny. Monarchia obalona przez rewolucję 1910 r. ustąpiła miejsca republice, a ta z kolei uległa w 1926 r. wojskowemu zamachowi stanu, który wprowadził dyktaturę. Kształt ustrojowy nowego reżimu określiła konstytucja z 1933 r., ustanawiając Estado Novo według projektu Antónia Salazara. U genezy autorytarnego Nowego Państwa leżała pamięć o politycznym chaosie i niepokojach społecznych I Republiki. Rządzący nią przez większość czasu radykalny odłam republikanów nie zbudował stabilnego systemu demokratycznego, nie zapewnił krajowi bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego ani rozwoju ekonomicznego.
PL
Autor artykułu prezentuje pierwszą pełną próbę historiograficznego przedstawienia problemu powstania z 1916 roku.
EN
The article is about first attempt of a full historiographical representation of the problem of the 1916 uprising.
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