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ARCHEOLOGIA W PROCESIE REWALORYZACJI OGRODÓW TRUDNE POCZĄTKI

100%

Morysiński T.

Ochrona Zabytków

2005

issue 3

57-70

Conservation dealing with palace-garden complexes must be preceded by comprehensive studies involving representatives of several fields of science: architects, landscape architects, historians, art historians, geodesists, botanists, documentalists and archaeologists. The revalorisation of the Hampton Court Gardens was a symptomatic example of the cooperation of landscape architects, art historians and archaeologists. The excavations conducted by Brian Dix produced extraordinary results, and contributed to a complete and satisfactory realisation of the undertaking. In Poland, archaeologists tend to take part in ventures of this type much too rarely, but each year excavations are becoming increasingly frequently appreciated as a source of knowledge about garden and park premises expands; they are also employed in revalorisation projects. The first instance of using archaeological sources in implementing revalorisation projects relating to a garden premise consisted of the excavations initiated in 1997 in the Branicki Gardens in Białystok. The most prominent and largest-scale archaeological initiatives include the excavations conducted since 2003 by the staff of the National Centre for the Study and Documentation of Historical Monuments in the palace-park premise in Wilanów. Practical research renders possible the creation and testing of models of complex interdisciplinary studies resorting to newest technologies. Great emphasis is placed on registering all the stages of the work as well as programme-like integrated documentation prepared by all the participants. The active presence of archaeologists in the revalorisation of parks and gardens permits the verification of source material and supplies data about, i. a. the original spatial and compositional layout of parks and gardens, the plants and their planning, as well as types of garden outfitting and its distribution. Most important, it facilitates the creation of revalorisation projects concurrent with the historical message.

Ośrodek Ochrony Zabytkowego Krajobrazu Narodowa Instytucja Kultury. Historia struktury organizacyjno-prawnej. Lata 1977-2002

84%

Michałowski A.

Ochrona Zabytków

2012

issue 1-2

57-72

The idea to establish an institution comprising an interdisciplinary team of employees, particularly historians of art, architects, gardeners and landscape architects was connected with the innovative activity of Professor Stanisław Lorentz with regard to museums and monument protection and dates back to 1960. The institution underwent a number of organisational transformations and legal changes for years, finally becoming a part of the National Centre for Research and Documentation of Monuments after the liquidation of the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape and its merger with the Centre for Documentation of Monuments in 2002. The first steps of independent activity, which has been carried on permanently for further years, included the transformation of consciousness and the understanding of new aims of the entire staff of employees of the Administration, particularly technical and engineering personnel. The idea of the activity of the Administration and then the Centre was to combine research and documentation works with study and design works and field restoration works. One of the first comprehensive works, which was carried on interdisciplinarily in co-operation with German conservators, was the Muskau Park and the elaboration of the documentation of the inscription into the UNESCO World Heritage List. A number of projects was undertaken in the field of garden and park protection (Białystok, Mysłakowice). 1995 was a special year in the activity of the Centre, which constantly assumed new challenges to meet the current demand for the most important topics both in Poland and abroad. In 1986 a division of the Centre – a specialistic workshop – was established in Kielce. Apart from the Kielce workshop, individual tasks were undertaken to confront various methodologies of action and works undertaken independently and in other environments, also through publications contributing new proposals and solutions to our considerations. Important topics included the Racławice battlefield and the Augustów Canal. New prospects in the protection and design of city landscapes were opened thanks to the international conference “What are we doing to protect the beauty of historic cities... – Wrocław 2000”. The Centre engaged in several works that were performed in garden complexes. After years of failures, the co-operation with State Farms began to produce favourable results. The Centre did also research on rustic gardens. In 1996 the Centre began to organise a competition for the best works concerning the protection of historic garden complexes. Initiatives for the integration of the environment of monument and nature conservators were visible, among others, at the conference held in Jachranka in 1993. Cemeteries constituted an organisationally separate problem group in the Centre, which focused on the creation of conditions for field penetration and record-keeping on the so-called cemetery cards. International co-operation concerned many complex issues and states that jointly engaged in discussions and activities relating to the protection of monuments. The Centre co-operated with institutions such as PKN ICOMOS, ICOMOS IFLA and UNESCO. The longterm activity of the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape was focused on many topics relating to the protection of cultural landscape and the propagation of values contained in it. It undertook a difficult educational challenge and contributed to the building of a better state taking good care of its monuments. From the perspective of years, looking back at what has already been done, there arises a reflection that is worth passing on to further generations: even the smallest part of culture or landscape should be documented for the next years, because the identification of the most important and inalienable values and our history is enclosed in such documentation.

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2 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Michałowski A.

1 Morysiński T.

1 2012

1 2005

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ARCHEOLOGIA W PROCESIE REWALORYZACJI OGRODÓW TRUDNE POCZĄTKI

Ośrodek Ochrony Zabytkowego Krajobrazu Narodowa Instytucja Kultury. Historia struktury organizacyjno-prawnej. Lata 1977-2002