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EN
The notion of Bug River property regards the property abandoned within the territory of the Republic of Poland within its pre–war borders which after the year 1945 were abandoned outside the present–day territory of the Republic of Poland. For objective reasons, and because of the lack of the concept providing the final solution, only in 2005 an act to ensure comprehensive regulation and procedure of awarding compensation for movable property abandoned outside the present–day borders of the territory of Poland was passed. In the Act of 2005 the Bug River People were granted a right to compensation for the property left beyond the Polish borders. The entitlement to have the value of property abandoned outside the present–day Polish borders offset is affirmed by the voivodship offices competent with regard to the place of residence of the applicant – the property’s owner and in case of inheritors – with regard to the last place of residence of the property’s owner. The voivod’s decision confirming the right to compensation determines persons eligible for this right, the value of abandoned property, the amount of compensation and the form of its implementation. The right to compensation may also be implemented through allowing the value of property left by Polish nationals beyond the Bug River to be offset against the price to be paid for State–owned land
EN
Punishment with imprisonment and the security measureof detention on remand, are among the most severe sanctions and convictions provided by the albanian criminal legislation. The unjust serving of such measures or punishments implies serious psychological and economic consequences for both the convicted person and his/her family members. Similar to the infringement of any right and freedom, the unjust infringement of the right to liberty, induces the obligation to return the person in the previous state and to provide compensation for related consequences. Besides the right to effective remedy, the international human rights acts provide, specifically, for the right to compensation of the person in cases of an unlawful arrest or detention, as well as in the case of serving an unjust punishment as a result of the miscarriage of justice. In both hereof mentioned cases, these acts acknowledge the right to compensation for unjust imprisonment, while leaving it to the member states to establish a special mechanism under the domestic legislation which would enable actual fulfillment of such right for the citizens of the said country. This paper is an attempt to present an overview of the Albanian legislation regarding the mechanism established toward the effective implementation of the right to compensation, in the case of decisions of the respective state institutions causing the unlawful or unjust imprisonment, from the point of view of respective international obligations.
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