Search results - CEJSH

1

Samobójstwa dzieci i młodzieży przed wybuchem II wojny światowej i obecnie — co się zmieniło, co pozostało bez zmian

100%

Ziółkowska A. M.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

|

2020

|

vol. 55

117-141

XX

The purpose of the article is an attempt to show the issue of suicides of children and young people in a historical perspective, by comparing the state of knowledge and methods of discussing the phenomenon from the pre-war period (until 1939) with the modern period. The first part of the work will be devoted to discussing the first papers on suicide issues that began to appear in Poland from the late nineteenth century to 1939. The second part of the article focuses on presenting the current state of knowledge on the frequency, risk factors and causes of suicide in children and young people. The last part of the work will be devoted to comparing the specifics and conditioning suicidal behavior in the discussed periods.

2

Podpora resilience ve vzdělávání

80%

Punová M.

Studia paedagogica

|

2013

|

issue 2-3

109-124

EN

This theoretical study focuses on searching of protective and risk factors in education of pupils who have to deal with disadvantaged living circumstances (e.g. children in need, youth at risk). The aim of this study is to defi ne risk and protective factors of school resiliency in educational processes. First, we defi ne the term resiliency. The study then expounds on risk and protective resiliency factors which are specifi ed in the light of socio-ecological approach. The study then presents specifi c risk and protective factors—from the area of pupils’ education—which can either strengthen or decrease their resiliency skills. Results of many empirical studies show that education can, under certain circumstances, substitute what pupils’ families cannot provide. Hence, it can give pupils a safe environment for their lives. It transpires that teachers play a very important role in the process as they can help pupils to deal with diffi cult life challenges that are beyond their capabilities.

3

Ischemic stroke in general practice – risk factors, prognosis – prospective single center study

80%

Molisz A., Gutknecht P., Trzeciak B., Winiarski T., Nyka W., Dziubich T., Siebert J.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2016

|

issue 3

298-301

4

The clinical course of urolithiasis in children under 3 years of age

80%

Aaslid A., Tkaczyk M.

Progress in Health Sciences

|

2014

|

vol. 4

|

issue 1

68-74

XX

Purpose: Certain risk factors of urolithiasis may be diagnosed in 75% of children with stones. They include genetic, anatomic, metabolic and nutrition causes. The diagnostics' evaluation should determine and rule out anatomic factors and establish metabolic disorders. The treatment is based on an increased fluid intake, and alterations in the nutrition pattern. The aim was to analyze the clinical course of urolithiasis in children below 3, and detect the possible factors affecting the success of therapy. Materials and methods: Between 2009 and 2013, we retrospectively investigated the cases of 68 children (34 boys and 34 girls) under 3 years who were treated in the clinic. Urolithiasis was diagnosed at the mean age of 10 months; the average follow-up lasted 26 months until reaching 3 years. The retrospective analysis was based on medical documentation and direct contact with parents. Results: Among the risk factors, the most common was hyperciuria. The treatment of children was based on an increased daily fluid intake and dietary recommendations. Among the specific treatments, the most common were citrates (51%). In the majority of cases, the therapy lasted over a year after the clinical absence of stones. This therapy was successful in 62% of children. The factors contributing to the success of the treatment were: a negative family history of urolithiasis, unilateral stones, normal urinalysis, decrease of the Ca/Cr index, and compliance of dietary and medical recommendations. Conclusions: The treatment is based on the elimination of risk factors, and alterations in the dietary pattern. High percentage of parents did not respect the medical recommendations.

5

Analiza wybranych czynników ryzyka udaru mózgu wśród pacjentów po udarze.

80%

Rosińczuk J., Księżyc M., Kołtuniuk A., Kublik D.

Współczesne Pielęgniarstwo i Ochrona Zdrowia

|

2014

|

issue 1

4-7

PL

Wstęp. Udar mózgu jest stanem bezpośredniego zagrożenia życia, będącym jednym z głównych przyczyn zgonów oraz niepełnosprawności na świecie. Czynniki ryzyka udaru mózgu znacząco zwiększają prawdopodobieństwo incydentu naczyniowego. Ich skuteczna prewencja może opóźnić zachorowanie lub istotnie złagodzić przebieg choroby i jej powikłania. Cel pracy. Analiza częstości występowania opisywanych w literaturze czynników ryzyka udaru mózgu wśród chorych po przebytych udarach mózgowych. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 70 osób po przebytym udarze mózgu hospitalizowanych w Oddziale Rehabilitacji Układu Ruchu we Wrocławiu. Wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa. Wyniki. Z analizy zgromadzonego materiału wynika, iż: 1) prawidłową masę ciała stwierdzono wśród zaledwie jednej czwartej badanych; 2) wśród badanych osób nadciśnienie tętnicze stwierdzono wśród 70% kobiet i 55% mężczyzn, cukrzycę wśród 21% badanych kobiet oraz 19% badanych mężczyzn, a miażdżycę u jednej trzeciej ankietowanych; 3) znaczny odsetek osób pali papierosy oraz posiada niewłaściwe nawyki żywieniowe; 4) ponad połowa ankietowanych deklaruje spędzanie czasu wolnego w sposób czynny; 5) w badanej grupie najczęściej stwierdzano cztery i/lub więcej czynników ryzyka udaru mózgu (63% kobiet, 56% mężczyzn). Wnioski. 1. Najczęściej występującymi czynnikami ryzyka udaru mózgu są: nadciśnienie tętnicze, choroby serca, miażdżyca oraz cukrzyca. 2. Wśród znacznego odsetka badanych stwierdzono nieprawidłowy styl życia (palenie tytoniu, niewłaściwa dieta, otyłość, stres oraz niska aktywność fizyczna). 3. Współistnienie kilku czynników ryzyka udaru u jednego chorego zwiększa znacznie ryzyko wystąpienia incydentu naczyniowego.

EN

Background. Stroke is a life threatening condition and it is one of the major causes of death and disabilities in the world. Stroke risk factors significantly increase the likelihood of vascular incident. Their effective prevention can delay occurrence or significantly alleviate the disease and its complications. Objectives. The aim of this study is an analysis occurrence stroke risk factors among patients with a history of cerebral stroke. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 70 people after stroke hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation Movement System in Wroclaw. An original survey questionnaire was used for conducting the studies. Results. Analysis of the material shows: 1) normal weight were found among only one-fourth of the respondents; 2) hypertension was found among 70% of women and 55% of men, diabetes was found among 21% of women and 19% of men, and atherosclerosis was found in one-third of the respondents; 3) a significant percentage of people smoke cigarettes and have improper eating habits; 4) over half of respondents declare spending free time in an active way; 5) in the group most often stated four or more stroke risk factors (63% women, 56% men). Conclusions. 1. The most common risk factors for stroke are hypertension, heart disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes. 2. Significant percentage of patients have abnormal lifestyle (smoking, poor diet, obesity, stress and low physical activity). 3. The coexistence of several stroke risk factors significantly increases the risk of vascular incident.

6

Relation of health status with distress and job-related risk factors

80%

Rapolienė L., Gedrimė L., Mockevičienė D., Razbadauskas A. t.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2019

|

issue 2

130-137

EN

Background. Suboptimal health status (SHS) is recognised as a subclinical, reversible stage of a chronic disease. Previous studies have proposed that SHS may be related to poor lifestyle factors, as well as work-related and study-related stress. Objectives. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between health status, general distress and job-related risk factors. Material and methods. A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 606 current workers in Klaipeda, Lithuania, who had no history of clinically diagnosed disease. The SHS score was derived from SHSQ-25; the General Symptom Distress Scale (GSDS ) was used for distress evaluation. Results. 90% (547) of respondents revealed an optimal health level. The main domains of SHS status were fatigue and mental status. SHS was related to cardiovascular, digestive and musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as to frequent infections and allergy. SHS was more prevalent in women. The overall health status depends on the following job-related risk factors: the professional potential to grow, rest, deadlines, competition, work experience, income, etc. Conclusions. Health status was related to distress and mainly manifested itself through fatigue, anxiety and sleep disturbances. Resting hours, professional potential to grow, risk in another person’s life and work in public have a significant influence on SHS

7

Innovative investments, growth, risk and capability for survival from the perspective of value building for business owners

80%

Bacior M.

FINANSE Czasopismo Komitetu Nauk o Finansach PAN

|

2018

|

issue 1(11)

123-139

EN

This paper presents the innovative activity of enterprises as a process that is risky but necessary for the survival of a company in a competitive market, and as a way to maximize the long-term value for the owners. Risks and benefits were analysed, and the possible sources of added value in innovative projects were identified in the context of the capital market equilibrium and the budgeting of investments. Innovative projects become a source of added value for investors if the financial effects such as changes in the residual cash flow and higher growth rate outweigh the combined impact on the risk generated by two factors: increase of systematic risk and emerging specific risks.

8

Effect of breast cancer prevention program on the awareness and performance of female high school students

80%

Heidari M., Sheikhi R., Ghodusi Borujeni M., Heidari Sureshjani E., Rezaei P.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

|

2019

|

issue 3

218-222

EN

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the most common cancer among women in Iran. The lack of awareness and of an early-detection program in this developing country is the main reason for the escalating morbidity and mortality. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a BC prevention program on the awareness and behavior of female high school students in Abadeh, Iran. Material and methods. This study was a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 220 female students who were selected by the multi-stage sampling method and divided into two groups: intervention and control. The required data were collected by a researcher-designed questionnaire and then analyzed by SPSS 17 software using descriptive analytical tests. Results. There was no significant difference in awareness and behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05), but after the intervention the mean scores of those variables in the test group had increased significantly (p < 0.05). A Spearman correlation test showed that the correlation between the variables (awareness and behavior) was significant and direct (p < 0.001, r = 0.340). Conclusions. Given the effect of educational programs on the awareness and behavior of students, the results of this study can be effective in attracting the attention of health officials and making them aware of the importance of providing training programs on BC through educational programs in schools.

9

Post-traumatic disorders as a consequence of the disaster

80%

Zawadzki B., Strelau J.

Nauka

|

2008

|

issue 2

EN

The paper discusses the post-traumatic disorders as the consequence of disaster, their course and determinants. As an illustration, the summary of the results of the Polish studies on flood survivors, conducted in 1999-2007, was presented. The studies were focused on the identification of risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), assessed in several groups of victims in the early (about three months) and late phase (from one to years) after the flood. The findings indicate that PTSD is a multi-causal phenomenon with many risk factors, preceding the flood and operating during the trauma and in the post-traumatic period, which result in arousing and maintaining in time PTSD symptoms. The main conclusion of Polish studies on flood survivors underlines the eminent role of personality traits, including temperament, as well as within-family factors influencing PTSD.

10

Knowledge of risk factors of myocardial infarction in patients treated in the Interventional Cardiology Unit of the Regional Specialist Hospital in Biała Podlaska

80%

Ślifirczyk A., Michalczuk T., Piszcz P., Kowalenko M., Kierczuk E., Zalewski R., Krajewska – Kułak, E

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

|

vol. 8(1)

93-101

EN

Purpose: To analyse knowledge of patients in the Interventional Cardiology Department in the field of theory of the disease entity, i.e. myocardial infarction and factors predisposing to its occurrence. Materials and methods: The study was carried out at the Interventional Cardiology Department of the Regional Specialist Hospital in BiałaPodlaska between 3.11.2017 and 20.12.2017. Sixty respondents were included, 62% women and 38% men. The largest group were patients between 46 and 60 years of age. The work involved an anonymous questionnaire, which contained 28 questions, including two open ones. Patients participated in the study were informed that the study was voluntary and the questionnaire was anonymous. Results: According to the respondents, the main cause of myocardial infarction is atherosclerosis (43.4%). The respondents indicate that cardiovascular diseases (including myocardial infarction) which are on the third place in Poland, right after cancer and injuries, cause death (63.3%). As the main factor that influences the occurrence of myocardial infarction is overweight and obesity (79.8%). More than half of the respondents assess their knowledge of myocardial infarction on average, while 18.3 % said that they have very good knowledge. Conclusions: Patients with myocardial infarction have quite a good knowledge about the risk factors for this disease. A large group of respondents tries to counteract the risk factors for myocardial infarction. A small part of the respondents undergoes regular blood tests (blood glucose level, total cholesterol and its fractions, measurement of blood pressure).

11

Analysis risk factors for preterm births in children under care of the Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation in Bialystok

80%

Dytrych G., Sienkiewicz D.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

|

vol. 8(2)

99-104

EN

Introduction: Preterm birth is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks' gestational age. Preterm infants are at risk for numerous medical problems including neurological, cardiological, respiratory, and infection. Purpose: To analyse the selected risk factors of preterm births among children under the care of the Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation in Białystok Materials and methods: The retrospective study included 96 preterm children with very low body mass less than 1500 grams. All children lived in the Podlasie region of Poland. We analysed the risk factors for preterm birth based on the medical files. The detailed interview included: the course of pregnancy, diseases before pregnancy, the prevalence of genetic diseases in the nearest family, and the earlier miscarriages. Results: The intrauterine infection (20 cases), fetal distress, (19 cases), uterine bleeding (15 cases), multiple pregnancies (13 cases) were the most often risk factors of preterm births. Only a few cases concerned congenital toxoplasmosis and cytomegaly, malformation of the reproductive system, mother diseases during the pregnancy. The gender of the child did not determine the preterm birth. A significant correlation between preterm birth and the sequence of pregnancy preterm birth was related with first pregnancy in 47% of cases. There was no correlation between i. body mass and sex, ii. earlier miscarriages and preterm births. Conclusions: The risk factors of preterm births are diverse. Most common causes of preterm births were the intrauterine infection, fetal distress, and uterine bleeding.

12

PHYSIOTHERAPY METHODS IN PREVENTION OF FALLS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE

80%

GAJOS M., PERKOWSKI R., KUJAWSKA A., ANDROSIUK J., WYDRA J., FILIPSKA K.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2016

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vol. 7

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issue 1

92-102

EN

The process of population ageing is observed not only in Poland but also in other European countries. Physiological processes of ageing reduces the functional capacity. In particular, associated diseases, progressive weakness and failure of the motor system increases the risk of collapse in seniors. Dangerous consequences of falls, inter alia, injuries, can often cause death, what justifies its classification as a so-called geriatric giant. Health and psychosocial consequences of falls should be noted. Therefore, there is a great need for induction of preventive measures. Many results of studies constantly show, that an effective intervention in preventing falls in seniors should include, first and foremost, multidirectional rehabilitation, which aims to improve balance and increase postural strength muscle. In addition, prevention should include: patient education, pharmacotherapy prescribed by a medical specialist, eyesight improvement, elimination of potential risks surrounding the patient. The introduction of multi-directional prevention of falls can reduce the risk of their occurrence up to 50%

13

Rómska komunita a jej riziká v segregovaných rómskych osadách

80%

Gulášová I., Babečka J., Czarnecki P.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

|

2021

|

issue 1(34)

157-162

EN

Authors try to point out the risks of the Roma community, based on the specifics of their culture, thought, and values of a lifestyle with that they alive. They are delivering characteristics of segregated Roma settlements, reflect on the state of health of the Roma community, which is related to their social problems. Authors are discussing in detail numbers of risk factors that affect the health of the Roma community. Based on these characteristics authors point to the fact that the Roma ethnic group is a way of lifestyle for the group with a high incidence of risk of many diseases. Finally, they reflect on options and proposals for solution of the Roma population proposition.

14

The importance of health counseling centers in process of protection, development and support of public health in Slovakia

80%

Gulášová I., Gornerová L., Breza ml. J., Breza J.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

|

2013

|

issue 2(6)

119-126

EN

Authors focus on the importance of counseling centers in health protection and in promotion and development of public health in the Slovak Republic. Health is not only one of the most important rights of every citizen, but it also an obligation to take care of it. Chronic diseases can be prevented by adopting the principles of good nutrition, sufficient physical activity and avoiding of smoking, alcohol and stress. Level of control of major risk factors, especially of hypertension, should be increased. Also the motivation for patients to eliminate their risk factors through the instruments of state policy adequate education and the availability of better quality health care should be improved. Health counseling centers are designed for healthy people who are interested in the quantification of selected health status indicators related to cardiovascular disease, based on which is assessed the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

15

Psychospołeczne czynniki ryzyka zachowań niezgodnych z prawem młodzieży

80%

Więcek-Durańska A.

Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Kryminologicznego im. prof. Stanisława Batawii

|

2018

|

vol. 25

84-138

EN

Crime is a multidimensional social phenomenon, important for the whole society For years,researchers have been conducting research to increase knowledge about the factors responsible for criminal behavior and to look for such factors that play a positive (protective) role.Depending on the leading research trend, such factors were sought in the individual’s characteristics or in the external environment (family, local environment). Many studies have also been devoted to verifying external signs and genetic deviations indicating predisposition to criminal behavior. Some scientists also point to neurobiological factors, in particular the prevalence of mental disorders in the population. Currently, the trends of research are taken from many fields of science. It is emphasized, however, that every human behavior is determined not only by his personality, but also by the environment in which he is located. The issue of crime is more important when this phenomenon applies to children and young people. The analysis of available statistical data on criminal offenses committed by minors shows that this issue is a significant social problem. In 2015, in court statistics there were over 12 000 criminal offenses committed by juvenile offenders and over 14 000 court judgments on demoralization of minors. Furthermore it stresses that the age of young people committing crimes significantly decreased.The aim of the study was the evaluation of prevalence and analysis of determinants of „risk factors” in the etiology of criminal acts. Risk factors are defined as individual personal properties,environmental characteristics and mutual interactions between them. In the statistical sense,risk factors are properties that coexist with abnormal behavior or precede its formation. Based on knowledge about risk factors, we can try to estimate the occurrence of certain negative phenomena, including for example committing offenses by young people. It should be emphasized that the emergence of risk factors does not necessarily lead to negative consequences, but they increase the risk of their occurrence.The study used a self-report questionnaire, psychological tests and an interview. The obtained empirical material allowed to capture certain characteristics and differences between the youth who admitted committing the crime and those who did not have such experiences.The work consists of two parts. The first is a theoretical justification of the subject matter of research. The second is empirical and includes a description of the method and the results of research and their discussion and interpretation.The survey was conducted on a group of students aged 15-19 years, using three methods (survey research using psychological tests, self-study report and the interview).Thus obtained results allowed to show the current trend of youth crime related to gender and the prevalence of risk behaviors (drinking strong alcohol or drug use). Analyzes were also a number of environmental factors, and on the basis of indicators developed “the goodness of the local environment.” Analyses showed that there were features differentiating the family of the young people. The collected research material allowed to show the differences between the two groups of young people and to isolate psychosocial risk factors which youth crime.

16

Risk Factors Determining the Occurrence of Obesity among Women in the Zamość County

80%

Derewiecki T., Mroczek K., Mroczek M., Duda M., Chmiel-Derewiecka D., Majcher P.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

|

2014

|

issue 1(35)

109-115

EN

The progress of civilization in Europe and many countries throughout the world has contributed to changing the way of life for entire societies. It has caused a dramatic increase in the rate of obesity. Overweight and obesity make a timeless problem. The twenty-first-century man, apart from deriving a hedonistic pleasure from eating, avoids any physical effort, which causes decreasing physical fitness and increasing of body mass. The goal of the present paper is the analysis of risk factors determining occurrence of obesity among women. An author’s survey was conducted on a sample of 604 women in Zamość county, Poland. The results were statistically analyzed, on the level of significance of p < 0,05. 22,52% of the studied group distinguished themselves with a BMI index from 25 to 30 (overweight ), whereas 7,95% had a BMI > 30, indicating obesity. The analysis of results showed that the most exposed to being overweight and obesity are women over 65 years old, with primary education or vocational training and a sedentary nature of work. Their place of dwelling had no effect on their body weight. Promoting an active way of life would be appropriate, oriented for maintaining a proper body mass. Society should be made aware of the importance of this problem and consequences of lack of knowledge on it.

PL

Postęp cywilizacyjny w wielu krajach Europy i Świata przyczynia się do zmiany sposobu życia całych społeczeństw, a co za tym idzie wzrasta drastycznie odsetek osób cierpiących na otyłość. Nadwaga i otyłość stanowią problem ponadczasowy. W XXI wieku człowiek, oprócz hedonistycznej przyjemności jedzenia, wykazuje niechęć do wysiłku fizycznego, co sprzyja zmniejszeniu sprawności i wzrostowi masy ciała. Celem pracy jest analiza czynników ryzyka determinujących występowanie otyłości u kobiet. Przy pomocy autorskiej ankiety zostały przebadane 604 kobiety zamieszkujące powiat zamojski. Wyniki badań poddano analizie statystycznej. Przyjęto poziom istotności statystycznej p < 0,05. W badanej grupie kobiet 22,52% charakteryzował wskaźnik BMI o wartości 25-30 (nadwaga), zaś 7,95% ankietowanych posiadało wskaźnik BMI > 30 (otyłość). Analiza wyników pokazała, iż najbardziej narażone na nadwagę i otyłość są kobiety po 65 roku życia, mające wykształcenie podstawowe lub zawodowe oraz siedzący charakter pracy. Miejsce zamieszkania nie ma wpływu na masę ciała. Czynnikami ryzyka zwiększającymi występowanie otyłości wśród kobiet są siedzący charakter pracy, wykształcenia zawodowe oraz wiek po 65roku życia. Celowe jest promowania aktywnego trybu życia ukierunkowanego na utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała wśród kobiet. Należy również uświadomić skalę problemu i konsekwencje wynikające z braku wiedzy na ten temat.

17

Which health professionals are most at risk for cardiovascular disease? Or do not be a manager

80%

Sovova E., Nakladalová M., Kaletova M., Sovova M., Radova L., Kribska M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2014

|

vol. 27

|

issue 1

71-77

EN

Objectives: Health care workers constitute a high-risk occupational category owing to the character of their work that includes high-risk environment, shift work and mental as well as physical stress. In occupational medicine, caring for their health condition should be a priority and include measures aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in employees of a large hospital and assessing their effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events. Materials and Methods: The group comprised 3124 employees with a mean age of 36.1 years (SD = 11.4), out of whom 562 were males (mean age of 37.1 years, range: 18-72; SD = 12.26) and 2562 were females (mean age of 35.9 years, range: 18-68; SD = 11.24). At their initial examination, the employees filled in a questionnaire on basic CVD risk factors (according to valid recommendations). This was supplemented with objective data to determine the risk of CVD using valid charts. From this group, a subset of persons at a high or intermediate risk was selected, comprising 247 individuals with a mean age of 54.1 years (SD = 5.73). After 5-9 years (mean 7.24±1.38 years), they either underwent another examination or their health status was ascertained by phone or in a computer database. The end point was the incidence of cardiovascular events (sudden death, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, percutaneous coronary intervention, cardiac failure, stroke or transient ischemic attack). Results: The end point was noted in a total of 15 males (6.07%) and 6 females (2.42%), being statistically significantly present in managers (males p < 0.00007, females p < 0.00001), male physicians/surgeons (p < 0.025), tertiary-educated males (p < 0.0095), female smokers (p < 0.015), male ex-smokers (p < 0.007), overweight or obese males (p < 0.02) and those with the waist-to-hip ratio above 1.0 (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Cardiovascular events are most likely to occur in obese male physicians/surgeons holding managerial positions and in female managers.

18

Psychosocial risk factors of aggressive youth behaviors

80%

Więcek-Durańska A.

Psychologia Wychowawcza

|

2018

|

vol. 56(14)

107-133

EN

An issue of aggressive behaviors performed by the youth is current and undertaken by numerous researchers, among others in psychology, pedagogy, and law. The research conducted is not only of a cognitive character but it also is connected with attempts of creating a social policy, which will allow to restrict such behaviors. Depending on a leading research trend, reasons of aggressive behaviors of the youth are being searched for in various life domains. The article presents results of empirical studies trying to characterize the so-called risk factors of aggressive behaviors of the youth. It should be underlined, that the results presented have specific character, because they refer to chosen aggressive behaviors, which are also acts against the law. In order to obtain a broader picture of the phenomenon and for comparative reasons, apart from aggressive actions of the youth, acts against property were also analyzed. Some adolescents were also included in the study, who did not have criminal record. The experiment’s main aim was to diagnose chosen aggressive and violent behaviors among the youth aged between 15 and 19 years old. The obtained results allowed to distinguish some personality traits characterizing students who engage in aggressive behaviors.

19

Ocena wybranych czynników ryzyka w ubezpieczeniu OC posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych

80%

Celczyńska A., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. E.-S.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

|

2013

|

vol. 296

EN

The aim of the study is to provide the evaluation of selected risk factors in third party liability insurance agreements for motor vehicle owners. The study covers: age admitted, the astrological sign of policy-holder and the age of vehicle. Automobile insurance risk is determined by a number of factors arising from both external environment as well as psychological features of policy-holders. The study was preliminary and may constitute the basis for further research.

PL

Celem opracowania jest ocena wybranych czynników ryzyka w ubezpieczeniu odpowiedzialności cywilnej posiadaczy pojazdów mechanicznych. Przedmiotem badań objęto: wiek ubezpieczonego, znak zodiaku ubezpieczonego oraz wiek pojazdu. Ryzyko w ubezpieczeniu OC komunikacyjnym jest determinowane szeregiem czynników, wynikających zarówno z otoczenia zewnętrznego, jak i z cech psychologicznych ubezpieczonych. Przeprowadzone badanie miało charakter wstępny i może posłużyć do dalszych badań.

20

Application of Selected Statistical Methods in Assessing Homogeneity of Insurance Portfolio

80%

Szymańska A., University of Łódź C. o. S. M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

|

2005

|

vol. 194

PL

Podstawą prawidłowego funkcjonowania towarzystwa ubezpieczeniowego jest odpowiednie dopasowanie wysokości składek do poziomu ryzyka, jakie reprezentują ubezpieczani. Ubezpieczyciel najczęściej grupuje kontrakty ubezpieczeniowe w portfele charakteryzujące się zbliżonym poziomem ryzyka. Istnieją jednak czynniki bezpośrednio nieobserwowalne, wpływające na wielkość i częstość szkód. Dlatego istotnym zagadnieniem jest ocena jednorodności portfela ubezpieczeniowego. Celem referatu jest ocena wybranych metod, służących do sprawdzania jednorodności portfeli ubezpieczeniowych na przykładzie danych ubezpieczeń komunikacyjnych.

EN

The foundation of insurance company activity is proper adjustment of premium level to the risk level of the insured. The insurer usually groups policies in portfolios characterized with similar risk. However, there exist risk factors not observable directly, having impact on the claim size and frequency. An important issue, therefore is the assessment of portfolio homogeneity. The purpose of this work is the assessment of selected methods of testing portfolio homogeneity illustrated with an example of motor insurance.

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