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PRZESTĘPSTWO CIĄGŁE WE WSPÓŁCZESNYM ROSYJSKIM PRAWIE KARNYM

100%
Machlańska J.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2017
|
vol. 17
|
issue 2
57-73
EN
Summary   One of the striking features of contemporary Russian criminal law is the fact that the ruling of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the USSR of 4th March 1929 defining ‘continuous crime’ is still the introduction to the deliberations on this institution, which from the Polish point of view is remarkable, because none of the court decisions issued in Poland in the Communist period has been attributed such importance. It should also be noted that even though in the current Russian Penal Code (1996) there is no regulation for the construction of continuous crime, which is explained by the fact that a common position has still not been set forth on its premises or shape, which in turn raises concern from the point of view of the principle of nullum crimen sine lege.
PL
Streszczenie Znamiennym dla współczesnego rosyjskiego prawa karnego jest fakt, że do tej pory postanowienie Plenum Sądu Najwyższego ZSRR z 4 marca 1929 r., które  definiuje przestępstwo ciągłe, stanowi wstęp do rozważań o tej instytucji, co z polskiego punktu widzenia stanowi fenomen, gdyż żadnemu z judykatów wydanych w okresie PRL nie przypisywano tak ogromnego znaczenia. Należy także podkreślić, że również w obecnie obowiązującym rosyjskim Kodeksie karnym z 1996 r. nie uregulowano konstrukcji przestępstwa ciągłego, co tłumaczone jest tym, że po dzień dzisiejszy nie wypracowano wspólnego stanowiska odnośnie do jego przesłanek czy kształtu, co jednakże budzi zastrzeżenia z punktu widzenia zasady nullum crimen sine lege.
2

Zabójstwa typu kwalifikowanego w polskim i rosyjskim prawie karnym

89%
Okulski M.
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL
|
2011
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1 Prawo
79-114
EN
The present study constitutes an attempt to analyze the essence of homicides of the qualified type against its legal regulation both in Polish and Russian Penal Code, as well as a modest reflection on the feasibility of the expansion of its typology. A homicide of the qualified type, as a particularly reprehensible case of intentional killing of another human, does not constitute a monolith in Criminal Code; rather it forms a set of acts, at times significantly different in spite of the identity of consequences, which, in the context of its unlawfulness and highly detrimental impact on society deserves a particularly harsh response and punishment from the penal law. Therefore, a more severe legal penalty compared to a common corpus delicti is imposed on the offender. Aggravation of a penalty for homicide of the qualified type, as sentencing in Russia reveals, is carried out by increasing both lower and upper thresholds. The expansion the types of homicide in polish penal code of 1997 for homicide of the qualified type was met with criticism, not only due to its too casuistic engrossment, but also the lack of any difference in punishment for common corpus delicti in its upper threshold.
3

Kształtowanie się pojęcia zabójstwa w polskim irosyjskim prawie karnym. Wybrane aspekty

89%
Okulski M.
Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL
|
2008
|
vol. 4
|
issue 1 Prawo
117-138
EN
The key to the statutory characteristics of homicide in both Polish and Russian criminal law lies in the establishing of the semantic domain of this specific legal notion, which, docketed in Polish and Russian legal order, is a thought model reproducing illegal acts committed intentionally resulting in homicide. However, the explicit legal notion of this crime came into only in the 20th century ultimately excluding the possibility of either ‘registering’ accidental manslaughter or suicide, penalized for centuries, into its scope. Although a ransom, a drastic social therapy in the form of a bloody retaliation or ius talionis constitute now only a historical evolution marks of the right to punish for the crime of murder, the essence of penalty as a reprisal for the crime committed has been intact. The description of homicide only in strict legal terms yielding to normative force and dogmatic conversion can not be completed. The way to its right comprehension lies in rejecting the dominant in Polish and Russian criminal law notion of variegating of the scope of the legal protection of life of individuals for human development stage.
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