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Národopisné výstavy a slavnosti v období protektorátu Čechy a Morava

100%
Soukupová B.
Národopisný věstník
|
2021
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vol. 38_(80)
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issue 1
36-53
EN
The introductory part of the study deals with the change in the official value guidance in the “Second Republic”, the traditions of which continued in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. Especially, it emphasizes the return of romantic view of the village and the farmer as apparent sources of national individuality. However, after the Munich Agreement, this outdated view interconnected with Nazi agrarianism. Both the Third Reich and the Protectorate adored ruralism, and revitalized folk customs and national costumes. High attention was paid to ethnographic festivals which, in the period of the Protectorate, were organized by National Partnership, Orel, natives’ associations, the Board of Trustees for the Education of Youth, and mainly the Ethnographic Moravia, an organization aimed to emphasize tribal dissimilarities of “Moravian Slovaks” and to break the unity of Czechness. These struggles were largely supported by the German University in Prague, and they were part of the Germanisation policy in the “Czech” space. The ethnographic exhibitions organized by the Ethnographic Moravia, and the exhibition called Germany in National Costumes (1942), organized by Prague Oberlandrat, featured similar focus. In contrast to them, the events organized by National Partnership, Orel, and natives’ associations aimed to support the Protectorate government and to promote folk culture as a source of Czechness, tolerated by the Nazi, at its cultural level.
2
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Gender, Families, Social Change, and the Rural–Urban Discourse: The Polish Peasant in Europe and America as a Study of Fears and Fantasies Related to Modernisation

86%
Urbańska S.
Stan Rzeczy
|
2018
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issue 2(15) The Polish Peasant from the Perspective of a Century
111-139
EN
The aim of this article is to reread The Polish Peasant in Europe and America as a representation of the fears and modernisation fantasies of its era. I analyse the patterns of gendered family relations and ideals of femininity and masculinity constructed by Thomas and Znaniecki within the framework of rural–urban discourses. As I will show, in The Polish Peasant we find huge contradictions between the liberal and conservative perspectives presented. On the one hand, the authors introduce the concept of “organisation – disorganisation – reorganisation,” which is supposed to be scientific and thus non-ideological. On the other hand, the authors’ patterns of interpreting empirical data show numerous gender bias and patriarchal schemes. As a result, the authors create an opposition in which whatever is rural is the cradle of authenticity, of naturalised national and gendered family values, and whatever is urban is dangerous and demoralising due to escaping the former strong rural social control. In The Polish Peasant the authors thereby construct the “morally healthy” model of a national and patriarchal rural community of families untouched by individualisation and women’s emancipation. Such a model had a patriarchal division of gender roles within a religiously devout, strong (meaning indissoluble), multi-generational family. In The Polish Peasant we can find both a nostalgia – which was typical of its era – for a “pre-modern,” rural, conservative civilisation, and worry about the moral health of women in the urban world. However, it is an ambivalent nostalgia accompanied by a conviction of the inevitability of social change.
3

Streekromans en het Tsjechische ruralisme

72%
Engelbrecht W.
Werkwinkel
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2014
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vol. 9
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issue 1
75-90
EN
In the netherlands regional novels have never been considered as real literary works. in Flanders regional literature had a better status, especially because several writers of the Van Nu en Straks movement such as Stijn Streuvels wrote about regional themes. in Czech literature since 1848 regional themes was viewed as important in novels and stories, mainly till the end of world war ii. in 1932 the Catholic writer Antonín Matula defined the so-called ruralism, which became a movement of mainly Catholic writers from the countryside. Most of them were severely persecuted in a constructed Stalinist show trial against the green international in 1951. in his work Hlasy země v evropských literaturách (The Voice of Earth in European Literatures, 1933) Matula discussed nearly all major european literatures, i.e. Flemish regional writers. it is no coincidence that especially Flemish writers such as ernest Claes, Stijn Streuvels and Felix timmermans, were translated into Czech during the second quarter of the 20th century.
4
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Wielokulturowość wsi w wymiarze lokalnym na przykładzie gminy Dobroń

58%
Figlus T., Staniek K.
Space – Society – Economy
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2017
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issue 20
125-145
EN
This paper presents the results of research on the issue of multiculturalism in the aspect of historical spatial layouts and selected objects of material heritage on the example of Dobroń community. The authors focused their attention on the genetic and settlement analysis and morphological reconstruction of selected villages, mainly related to so called „Olęder” and Frederician colonization from the 18th and 19th centuries. The article also presents the history and contemporary state of preservation of some objects associated with particular national and religious groups that left a clear traces in the cultural landscape of the examined area.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań dotyczących zagadnienia wielokulturowości wsi w aspekcie kształtowania historycznych układów przestrzennych oraz wybranych obiektów materialnego dziedzictwa na przykładzie gminy Dobroń. W opracowaniu skoncentrowano uwagę na dokonaniu analizy genetyczno-osadniczej i rekonstrukcji morfologicznej wybranych wsi, związanych głównie z kolonizacją olęderską i fryderycjańską w XVIII i XIX wieku. W artykule omówiono także dzieje i współczesny stan zachowania obiektów, powiązanych z konkretnymi grupami narodowymi oraz religijnymi, które pozostawiły wyraźny ślad w krajobrazie kulturowym na badanym obszarze.
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