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EN
The opinions of scholars about their own academic and literary achievements, their evaluation of the state of science and scientific writing as well as tips addressed to the young adepts of science are an important source of information about the history of science and scientific writing. While discussing the issue of a scientific book and the scientific publishing movement, such statements deserve closer attention of bibliologists. The article presents the views and recommendations of a prominent biologist Jan Tur (1875–1942) that concern writing and publishing scientific works and are included in his book Nauka i uczony (The science and a scholar). In the light of the condition of the contemporary movement of scientific publication, the scientist’s opinions from over 100 years ago on the necessity of writing productivity, languages and types of the scientific publication as well as collectivity of works become up-to-date and stimulate for discussion.
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PL
Three types of scholars are identified: precursor, savant, and instigator. Scholars produce creative and seminal ideas that serve to advance science. In parallel, three types of researchers are singled out: replicator, erudite, and outsider. Their work lacks creativity and originality, being mostly imitative and derivative. Science (the body of knowledge) is advanced by some, and hampered by other factors.
Stylistyka
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2015
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vol. 24
283-297
EN
The author focuses on the history of the Polish scientific style. The Polish scientific style begun to evolve in the sixteenth century. Science is a vehicle for empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world. In the 16th century, many scholars believed that mathematics was the right tool for solving practical problems often faced by craftsmen and merchants. The first Polish texts on mathematics proposed a lecture about the basics of arithmetic and geometry. The author discusses the first scientific texts written in Polish, namely Algorithmus: To jest nauka Liczby: Polsk¹ rzecz¹ wydana (1538) (Algorithmus: This is the Science of Numbers: Published in the Polish Language) by Tomasz K³os, Algorytm (1553) (Algorithmus) by Bernard Wojewódka and Geometria, To jest Miernicka Nauka, po polsku krótko napisana z greckich i z ³aciñskich (Geometry, This is the science of Land Surveyors, briefly in the Polish Language written from Greek and Latin Books) (1566) by Stanis³aw Grzepski. The analysis of the language of science formation in the 16th century Poland shows that already in the early phase of its creation certain properties that characterize Polish modern academic discourse can be seen, namely bilingual communication, preference for specialist language, a rhetorical figure and the use of specific forms of the verb.
EN
Based on a collection of Władysław Tarnawski’s letters stored as part of Andrzej Gawroński’s legacy at the Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature in Warsaw, the author attempts to analyze a self-portrait left by that Lviv-Przemyśl Anglicist. The aim of the article is to show the significance of friendship between scholars – which is rare but can be strong, especially if based on a long-term acquaintance, shared interests and values. Such was the relationship between Władysław Tarnawski (1885-1951) and Andrzej Gawroński (1885-1927), a multilinguist, specialist in Oriental philology, connected with the Jagiellonian University and the Lviv University.The author also looks at the interests and passions which Tarnawski revealed in the letters to his friend, his everyday worries and his research, as well as the descriptions of the circles in which they both worked.Based on a collection of Władysław Tarnawski’s letters stored as part of Andrzej Gawroński’s legacy at the Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature in Warsaw, the author attempts to analyze a self-portrait left by that Lviv-Przemyśl Anglicist. The aim of the article is to show the significance of friendship between scholars – which is rare but can be strong, especially if based on a long-term acquaintance, shared interests and values. Such was the relationship between Władysław Tarnawski (1885-1951) and Andrzej Gawroński (1885-1927), a multilinguist, specialist in Oriental philology, connected with the Jagiellonian University and the Lviv University. The author also looks at the interests and passions which Tarnawski revealed in the letters to his friend, his everyday worries and his research, as well as the descriptions of the circles in which they both worked.
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The subject of the article are viewpoints of Johann Regius and Conrad Graser the Older, pastors and scholars connected with Torun’s Academic Gymnasium School at the beginning of the 17th century, referring to the worship of images. On the basis of the polemical texts of Graser Historia Antichristi and Ultima Verba it was shown that in his polemics there appeared many topoi typical of Protestant argumentation in the dispute about the worship of pictures taking place between Catholics and advocates of Reformed denominations. The most important place is occupied by the belief about the resemblance between the Catholic cult described in the Old Testament and the worship given to idols, as well as the criticism of extravagant temples and ceremonies. Graser’s polemics was directed against the Catholics and perhaps the Lutherans; it was connected with the phenomenon of the Second Reformation in Prussian towns of the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The statements not only prove that Toruń’s and Gdańsk’s Protestants were familiar with the basic arguments in the dispute about the worship of pictures in its European context, but they also demonstrate the manner in which the Protestant doctrine could affect the form of works of art created in Toruń in the epoch of the dominance of Reformed denominations. Finally, the source of Melchior Adam was cited, which referred to the burial of Graser and his epitaph. This proves that funerary art, embracing the biggest number of works of art to be found in churches taken over by Protestants in Toruń and other Prussian towns, was accepted even by the most radical opponents of the worship of images.
EN
Knowledge and information sharing in various disciplines in Polish academia
EN
The second part of the article describes the theoretical and methodological basis of work pedagogy. The author presented the contribution of the Institute for Vocational Educa-tion into the development of basis of work pedagogy. The significant role has been also played by cyclic seminars All-Poland Seminar of Work Pedagogy, which were a scien-tific school of prof. Tadeusz Nowacki and people from his close circle: Z. Wiatrowskiego, S. Kaczora, K. Czarneckiego in 70s and 80s. The circle of work pedagogy’s authors was extended in 90s by the following professors: Stefan Kwiat-kowski, W. Furmanek, R. Parzęcki, K. Uździcki, E. Malewska, A. Bogaj, J. Niemiec. The author of the article has presented the conferences, scientific seminars and signifi-cant scientific achievements of work pedagogy’s authors. The article includes also the lists of conferences, seminars, publications significant for the development of theoretical and methodological basis of work pedagogy.
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This article with the pecbliarities of carring out of traditional Ukrainian – Polish Literary – Artistic meetings “Dialogue of Two cultures” at the Juliush Slowatsky’s Memorial Museum in Kremenets (Ternopil Region, Ukraine). It’s been held early since 2005 and is organized together with the Anna and Jaroslaw Iwashkewychs’ Memorial Museum (Stawisko, Poland) with the help of others Ukrainian and Polish Institutions. Since That time it has become a special phenomenon in cultural life of countries. Conferences, meetings, literary and artistic presentations, plain airs consolidated hundreds of adherents. Their participants: scholars, historians, museum workers, writers, art critics are in constant search of good – neighbour relations, solving of their general problems on the basis of neighbourliness, ways of mutual under – standing between the two nations, tolerance and friendliness between them.
PL
Giovanni Maver, najwybitniejszy włoski polonista, to postać bardzo zasłużona dla rozwoju relacji naukowych i kulturalnych Polski z Włochami w XX wieku. Jest on znany przede wszystkim jako autor licznych opracowań, wykładowca, kierownik katedry języka i literatury polskiej na Uniwersytecie Rzymskim, a także współpracownik polskich instytucji naukowych i kulturalnych we Włoszech i w Polsce. Tej jego działalności dotyczy niniejszy artykuł. Największą zasługę w pozyskaniu Mavera dla kultury i nauki polskiej miał jego długoletni przyjaciel, wybitny historyk literatury Roman Pollak. W artykule jest więc także mowa o ich osobistych kontaktach i współpracy, o więzi trwającej aż do końca życia.
EN
Giovanni Maver, the most outstanding Italian researcher in Polish Studies, is a meritorious figure for the development of the 20th century Polish scientific and cultural relations with Italy. He is known first and foremost as the author of numerous studies, as a scholar, Head of the Chair for Polish Language and Literature, the University of Rome, and also as a collaborator with many Polish academic and cultural institutions in Italy and in Poland. This collaboration is made the subject of the present paper. Roman Pollak, an illustrious literary historian and Maver’s long-time friend, proved to have had greatest contribution in acquiring him for the Polish Studies. The article also touches their private contacts, cooperation, and bonds that lasted until the end of Maver’s life.
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